CSX Q2 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

Quartr
Provided by Quartr
July 20, 2023

There are 17 speakers on the call.

Operator

Afternoon, and welcome everyone to the CSX Corporation Second Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. I will now turn the call over to today's speaker, Matthew Korn, Head of Investor Relations. You may begin your conference.

Speaker 1

Thank you, operator. Hello, everyone, and welcome to our Q2 earnings call. Joining me this afternoon are Joe Hinrichs, President and Chief Executive Officer, Jamie Boychuck, Executive Vice President of Operations Kevin Boone, Executive Vice President, Sales and Marketing I'm Sean Pelkey, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. In the presentation accompanying this call, you will find our forward looking disclosure on Slide 2, followed by our non GAAP disclosure on Slide 3. And with that, it's my pleasure to introduce Mr.

Speaker 1

Joe Hinrichs.

Speaker 2

Thank you, Matthew, and good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining our conference call. Our performance over the Q2 met our expectations, Led by the strong results of our merchandise business, as we had indicated at year end and again last quarter, we knew that we would have to manage through lower intermodal Storage revenue and normalizing export coal prices. We expected intermodal volumes to be soft as imports slowed and destocking activity continued. That said, we also knew that we were gaining momentum with our customers led by our improved service performance and in our own workplace as our One CSX efforts Took hold.

Speaker 2

Our network continues to run well and our company's initiatives combined with our employees' hard work and commitment I'm making a big difference in helping to set our railroad apart. There was much more to do, but our results this quarter Show signs of the progress we are making as we lay the groundwork for long term growth and value creation. Turning to Slide 5. Let's review the highlights for the Q2. We moved over 1,500,000 carloads in the 2nd quarter led by 3% volume growth in merchandise And 4% growth in coal and our margins remain strong with an operating ratio below 60%, Including the impact of the Quality Carriers trucking business, we generated $3,700,000,000 in revenue, which was 3% lower from the Q1.

Speaker 2

Operating income decreased 13% year over year to $1,500,000,000 and our earnings per share decreased by 9% to $0.49 When making comparisons to last year, it's important to remember that our Q2 2022 results included a $122,000,000 gain representing $0.04 per share of EPS related to the Commonwealth of Virginia property sale. All in, This was a solid performance highlighted by great results in our core business. The fact that our team was able to drive 3% merchandise volume growth in such an uncertain macroeconomic market It's a testament to what we are able to do when we work together. Now moving on to Slide 6. Earlier this month, CSX released its new 2022 ESG report, which highlights the tremendous progress that our team has made in moving our company forward.

Speaker 2

Since I started here last fall, you've heard me talk about OneCSX, about building a supportive and positive culture And about the need to consider all of our stakeholders when measuring our success as a company. Many of you have asked me what this really means in practice. What does the railroad look like where its people feel valued and included, where its customers feel appreciated and where the communities in which it operates feel respected? I think the pictures and highlights that you see here offer a small view into how we're making this happen here at CSX. To us, incorporating environmental, social and governance considerations into the priorities of our company goes hand in hand with our One CSX focus, Adding to the greater sense of purpose that we all share, these are real authentic actions that we are taking today.

Speaker 2

We talk often about our environmental leadership and our clear advantage here over trucks as a core part of our value proposition To our customers and our shareholders, by expanding our use of technology, conducting practical testing of alternative fuels And offering support and encouragement to our suppliers, we continue to make progress. As we reported in our press release last week, We are testing biodiesel blends in locomotives in revenue service. Last month, you heard that we were in talks with CPKC to form a joint venture For the development of hydrogen powered locomotives, which offer encouraging promise as a low emissions fuel solution. What we probably do not talk enough about are all the incredible efforts made by our railroaders to build up the places in which we live and work. It's been a priority of ours to increase our company's positive cultural impact and I'm proud of how quickly the people of CSX have responded.

Speaker 2

As you see here, our volunteer hours are up substantially. Our CSX sponsored community events have multiplied And the number of people who we have been able to help and support has been incredible. I look forward to much more to come. There's one last item I'd like to mention. At CSX, safety is our top priority and that's why we focus so much On our reported injury and accident rates, our fundamental goal is to make sure that every one of our employees gets home safely every day.

Speaker 2

When that does not happen, when we lose one of our colleagues as we lost Derrick Little last month, it affects us deeply. As a reminder, why we make so much effort on safety and how much more work we need to do. Now let me turn it over to the team.

Speaker 3

Thank you, Joe, and good afternoon, everyone. As Joe just said, we continue to make every effort to enhance our company's safety performance. As Slide 8 shows, we made good progress this quarter with both our FRA injury frequency and FRA train accident rate improving sequentially. Our injury rate also improved year over year and was the lowest rate for a second quarter that we've seen since 2015. Our focus is to ensure that every employee, including new hires who are less familiar, understands and appreciates their part to reinforce our safety focused culture.

Speaker 3

Turning to Slide 9. Our operating performance held up well over the Q2 and continues to lead the industry. Thanks to the hard work of our railroaders who execute the operating plan Every day, I've seen firsthand a positive response to the efforts being made by our employees to strengthen our culture. Our men and women in the field are valued, included, respected, appreciated and listened to, which helps them feel even more pride in the service they're delivering to our customers. Because of them, we're able to show how well our scheduled railroading model works.

Speaker 3

And I'm excited as there are more opportunities ahead. Velocity averaged 17.7 miles per hour in the 2nd quarter, Slightly lower than last quarter, but up substantially from the same period in 2022. Doral averaged 9.3 hours, an improvement of over 20% compared to the same period last year. Intermodal triptime performance of 96% increased by 6 percentage points year over year, While carload tripline performance of 84% improved by 25 percentage points. I'm pleased with the compliments and support we have received from our customers, regulators and shareholders on our service improvements.

Speaker 3

Our goal is to keep improving our service, ensure that we can continue to sustain this over time, so we can drive long term growth for CSX. With that, I will turn it over to Kevin to discuss our sales and marketing performance.

Speaker 4

Thank you, Jamie. As Joe noted, despite headwinds across many of our markets, the team was able to capitalize on strong year over year improvement in service. Importantly, as service has improved, it's opening up opportunities to discuss new business with our customers where we are seeing our year to date pipeline up 30%. I'm proud of the team and the progress we have made. There remains a lot of work ahead of us as we focus on building our pipeline of growth opportunities.

Speaker 4

Initiatives including white boarding sessions with customers, increasing direct engagement with small and medium sized shippers, bringing new technology tools to better serve our customers, And finally, expanding our reach by leveraging our Transflo network and collaborating with both with our short line and Class 1 partners are just a few of the focus areas for the team as we move into the back half of the year. Turning to Slide 11, Our strong merchandise performance continued into the 2nd quarter with revenue increasing 5% even as our fuel surcharge declined substantially On lower diesel prices, this growth was driven by 3% higher volume compared to last year And a 1% all in increase in revenue per unit. As we saw in the Q1, our customers are seeing improved service levels, which is opening opportunities and encouraging them to bring more of their business to our network. For the quarter, saw many of the market trends continue from the start of the year. In automotive, we are seeing more consistent production.

Speaker 4

We've seen our improved service Lead to new opportunities and business wins. Minerals benefited from strong construction demand for aggregates in our improving cycle times. In our Metals and Equipment business continues to be a bright spot with volumes up across steel, scrap and equipment. We've been successful in expanding our commercial relationships and translating our service product to convert new business wins. I'm also pleased that our fertilizer business delivered higher volumes year over year supported by strong domestic shipments of potash and nitrogen.

Speaker 4

On the other side, chemicals continues to be soft as demand remains challenged across our broad book of business. Oil Products faces headwinds in paper and pulp board. We've also seen some slowdown in export grains for ag and food. For the second half of the year, we expect to build on the successes we have had to win more wallet share of our existing customers, while continuing our efforts to And will be important contributors to volume growth over the remainder of 2023. We look for destocking to wind down in many of the markets we serve including chemicals, so timing there remains uncertain.

Speaker 4

What's most important is that our team Not sitting back and waiting for markets to turn. We are pushing forward with our own initiatives. Our business development group has been making great progress with our Select Site program And expanding our pipeline of partner projects. And we're strategically investing in developing new locations, providing additional transloading capabilities And investing in railcars to drive more business to CSX. Turning to Slide 12.

Speaker 4

2nd quarter coal revenue decreased 2% as a 4% volume gain was more than offset by a 6% decline in revenue per unit, Driven by lower export coal benchmarks, we saw continued growth in export volumes due to beneficial cycle times, Good performance at our Curtis Bay terminal and a push among our coal customers to move more tonnage into the overseas markets. Domestic utility shipments declined as we expected as low natural gas prices weighed on coal burn, Though demand in Southern Utilities remained favorable, we expect momentum in the export markets to continue over the second half of the year With CSX volumes supported by new mine capacity and coal producers making opportunistic shipments into the international markets. On the domestic side, we see tougher comparisons versus a strong second half last year, but the hot summer is Providing a helpful tailwind early in this quarter and just recently we are seeing a few customers looking for additional sets. Of course, as international pricing benchmarks have eased from last year's record highs, We will see an impact on our revenue per unit into the Q3. Most of our exports are met coal with a benchmark around 2.25 per metric ton.

Speaker 4

Anticipate our Q3 all in coal RPU will sequentially decline by a mid teens percentage. Kern international benchmark prices remain very healthy and supportive of strong production into the back half of the year. Now turning to Slide 13. 2nd quarter revenue decreased by 18% due to a 10% decline in volume And a 9% reduction in revenue per unit, reflecting the effect of lower fuel surcharge. As in the Q1, International Intermodal drove most of the volume decrease with the business seeing headwinds from declining imports and inventory destocking.

Speaker 4

Volumes in the domestic business showed a much more modest decline, helped by the good progress we continue to make with rail conversions and the team's efforts to identify new markets and lanes. Our best in class Eastern service product continues to position us for truck conversion in the quarters years ahead. Looking forward, while we and our customers are still looking for a rebound in the international business,

Speaker 2

We're

Speaker 4

pressing ahead with our own initiatives. We brought on a new shipper late in the quarter that recognized the value of our strong service product And we're seeing other opportunities in new lanes and growing activity at inland ports. Domestically, we're encouraged by many We have continued to work more closely with all of our Class 1 partners to target truck conversion. Just one example of this is the agreement we reached with CPKC It's a few weeks ago to create a new interchange in Alabama that will link our customers across the Southeast with key markets in Texas and Mexico. We think there's much more opportunity for new creative partnerships that can help bring even more business to all of the railroads, And we remain very excited about the opportunities ahead of us.

Speaker 4

Now, I'll turn it over to Sean to discuss the financials.

Speaker 5

Thank you, Kevin, and good afternoon. Looking at the 2nd quarter results, revenue was lower by 3% or $116,000,000 Declines in fuel recovery, other revenue and benchmark based export coal pricing were offset benefits from strong merchandise pricing as well as volume growth across merchandise and export coal. Operating income was down 13% to $1,500,000,000 reflecting a $122,000,000 headwind from cycling a gain on the Virginia property transaction. I'll discuss the expense line items in more detail on the next Slide. Interest and other expense was $25,000,000 higher compared to the prior year and income tax expense decreased by 64,000,000 on lower pretax earnings.

Speaker 5

As a result, EPS fell by $0.05 reflecting a $0.04 impact of lower property gains. Let's now turn to the next slide and take a closer look at expenses. Total second quarter expense increased $105,000,000 Lower fuel price was largely offset by the prior year Virginia gain. While network efficiency improvements resulted in over $20,000,000 Cost savings across labor, PS and O and rents, it was not enough to overcome more than $100,000,000 of headwinds from inflation and higher depreciation. Turning to the individual line items.

Speaker 5

Labor and fringe expense increased $57,000,000 Impacted by inflation and increased headcount. Importantly, service improvements are helping us get more employees home sooner With overtime ratios down nearly 10% and a significant reduction in the number of employees stuck away from home over 24 hours. As a reminder, mid year union wage rates stepped up by 4% on July 1st and will be reflected in our second half cost per employee. PS and O expense increased $37,000,000 with inflation and higher repair and maintenance expense, partly offset by savings In intermodal operations and cycling of costs related to the Pan Am acquisition. While we are overhauling and rebuilding more engines than last Locomotive efficiency was 4% improved in the quarter.

Speaker 5

Depreciation was up $33,000,000 as a result of last year's equipment study as well as a larger asset base. Fuel cost was down $134,000,000 driven by a lower gallon price. Equipment and rents was $5,000,000 favorable, reflecting strong improvement in car cycle times, with merchandise cycles 13% better than last year. These efficiency gains more than offset costs from inflation and higher volume, particularly in the automotive market. Finally, as discussed, property gains were $117,000,000 unfavorable in the quarter.

Speaker 5

Now turning to cash flow and distributions on Slide 17. After fully funding infrastructure investments and strategic projects, CSX has generated $1,500,000,000 of free cash flow year to date. This has supported $2,400,000,000 in shareholder returns, including over $1,900,000,000 in share repurchases and $450,000,000 of dividends. We were encouraged to receive recent news of a credit ratings upgrade. This move reflects the strong core cash generating power of CSX through economic cycles, which supports our ongoing commitment to investing in the business and our balanced opportunistic approach to capital return.

Speaker 5

Economic profit, as measured by CSX cash earnings, Is up over $80,000,000 year to date. While intermodal storage revenue declines and export coal headwinds We'll have a more significant year over year impact in the second half. We remain committed to cultivating and investing in return seeking projects that seed a pipeline of mid and long term growth and efficiency gains. With that, let me turn it back to Joe for his closing remarks.

Speaker 2

All right. Thank you, Sean. Now let us conclude with some comments on our outlook for 2023 as shown on Slide 19.

Speaker 1

First,

Speaker 2

we reiterate our expectations that revenue ton miles will grow in the low single digits for the full year. We remain very happy with the performance of our merchandise business through the first half of the year and we look for volumes to be supported by continuing strength in automotive, minerals and metals And the successes we have had in the marketplace. We expect full year coal volumes to be higher driven by strong demand for export coal. As we noted last quarter, domestic coal shipments will likely soften as demand is impacted by low natural gas prices. For intermodal, as Kevin said earlier, we have seen modest signs of improvement for domestic intermodal activity starting late in the second quarter, There are no signs yet of a near term recovery for the international business.

Speaker 2

We're still benefiting from a favorable pricing environment, Though our expectation for a $300,000,000 decline in supplemental revenues is unchanged, with most of that year over year reduction occurring in the second half of the year. Lower international met coal benchmark prices will also impact our coal revenue per unit over the remainder of the year. As before, we are making our best efforts to drive efficiency and control costs to offset real inflationary pressures and we are committed to staying focused on improving service to our customers. And finally, we still estimate capital expenditures at $2,300,000,000 with a strong focus on innovation and growth. To sum up, I am proud of the progress that the One CSX team continues to make.

Speaker 2

There is no doubt that we face some mixed economic conditions in the near term. However, there are so many opportunities opening up for us to win share, expand our markets and achieve profitable growth If we remain focused on safety, service, execution and working together, I am very excited about what is ahead for CSX. Thank you. And we'll now take your questions.

Speaker 1

Thank you, Joe. We will now move to our question and answer session. In the interest of time and to make sure that everyone has an opportunity, we ask you to all please limit yourselves to one and only one question. Emma, we're ready to start the process. Thank

Operator

you. Your first question today comes from the line of Chris Wetherbee with Citigroup. Your line is now open.

Speaker 6

Hey, thanks. Good afternoon, guys. I guess maybe wanted to start with some thoughts on how you the second half of The year, I guess. And in particular, how you think about matching resources to the volume and revenue environment that we're in right now. As you noted, you Coal, you have other revenue headwinds that are greater on a year over year basis as we move into the back half of the year.

Speaker 6

Certainly, volume is still like a little bit uncertain, Joe, as you mentioned around the economic outlook. So how do we think about sort of managing the resources? I know service is coming back. Is it time that headcount starts To decelerate on a sequential basis, do you think that there's more work to be done there? And conceptually, how you think about that fits in and what it maybe means to profitability in the back half of the year?

Speaker 2

Thanks, Chris. This is Joe. I think at a high level, We've noted some of the things that won't repeat from last year's second half, as you referenced. But we're really focused on getting our manpower levels up to Continue to sustain the improved customer service levels that we've been delivering. And Jamie highlighted the plan compliance in the 2nd quarter 84%.

Speaker 2

We've been in the 80s now pretty regularly since November of last year and that's really resonating with our customers. We're watching very carefully what's happening with the volume, and we have a mixed kind of market out there. And Kevin highlighted, We've seen growth in metals and automotive and other parts of our business. Intermodal has been softer as we highlighted in chemicals, a little We'll see when that turns. But generally speaking, our volume has been holding up on the merchandise side.

Speaker 2

We've been growing merchandise business. So We're watching the volumes very carefully, and making sure that we have the staffing levels to support sustained high levels of customer service. And the reason why it's so important, is that Kevin and his team have really started to have some really good conversations with our customers. We gained share in the first half of the year, And that picked up momentum in the Q2. And we're having very good conversations with our customers now that we're sustaining these high levels Higher levels of service and as Jamie noted, we want to continue to improve.

Speaker 2

Our focus is really on making sure we have the manpower to be able to sustain that. And also at the same time, of course, if we see volume reductions further than what we're seeing right now, we'll respond accordingly. But right now, the volumes that we're seeing are supporting This merchandise volume growth and our high levels of service.

Operator

Your next Question comes from the line of Jon Chappell with Evercore. Your line is now open.

Speaker 7

Thank you. Good afternoon. Sean, I wanted to ask you about the productivity improvements in the Q1. You said $15,000,000 to $20,000,000 said more than $20,000,000 in the second quarter. I think the plan was to eventually get to $30,000,000 So I guess the question Essentially, do you get to $30,000,000 by the back half of this year as a quarterly run rate?

Speaker 7

And kind of along the lines of Chris' question, if the volume environment is a bit softer And you had anticipated 6 months ago, could that $30,000,000 even become greater as you think about 2H23?

Speaker 5

Thanks, John, for your question. Yes, your recollection is right in terms of what we said Q1. So yes, we are building some momentum with $20,000,000 little over $20,000,000 of what I would call sort of fluidity related savings year over year. Now, Just to be clear, we aren't really counting sort of changes in volume in that number up or down if there's costs related to that. This is sort of independent of that.

Speaker 5

This is things like cycling the cars faster and reducing costs related to that, reducing over time, things along those lines. We do have line of sight to that number continuing to increase over the balance of the year and we should be in that $30,000,000 to $40,000,000 range in the second half of the year is our plan, Especially as we get out of summer here and labor availability starts to pick up, we get some more employees out of training. We feel pretty good about what that's going to set us up for in the second half of the year.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Brandon Oglenski with Barclays. Your line is now open.

Speaker 8

Hey, good afternoon and thanks for taking my question. Kevin, I was wondering if you could follow-up on the commentary around Merchandise pricing reflecting service and higher inflationary environment, but maybe contrasting that with the loss Coal revenue and intermodal surcharges,

Speaker 9

if you could.

Speaker 4

Yes. I mean, when you look at our coal market and particularly the export Market moves with the benchmark prices. So that's something that, as a swing producer keeps the producers here in the U. S. In the market and it's worked very, very well and it's We participate obviously when the pricing is very good and it remains very, very supportive.

Speaker 4

We just had extraordinary prices last year that Nobody expected would continue, but again we participated in that. When you look across the rest of our portfolio, On the merchandise side, it remains supportive of the inflationary environment out there and our customers Are getting price in the market and they're not surprised that our ability to go and have those discussions are similar to what they're Having with their customers. So, the alignment is there. Certainly, I think the market would be people are looking for inflation to come down a little bit and We'll see how the market continues, but market from a pricing perspective both in merchandise and A little bit less so on the spot market on the intermodal side. Obviously, that's been a little bit softer, but still very, very healthy and will carry forward in the next year.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Scott Group with Wolfe Research. Your line is open.

Speaker 1

Hey, thanks. Afternoon, guys. Sorry about my voice. Hopefully, you can hear me. So The coal RPU guidance was helpful.

Speaker 1

How should we think about the fuel impact in the Q3? What are the other puts and takes as I think about operating ratio, profit Q2 to Q3? And then just Like bigger picture, it feels like there's still a pretty big gap between underlying pricing and some really elevated inflation, like when does that normalize In your mind.

Speaker 5

Scott, it's Sean. Yes, so in terms of Q3 versus Q2, Q2, I mean, I think step back just a minute and think about what are we ultimately trying to achieve here. We've got a service product That's it. That's well in excess of where it's been, and certainly one of the best, if not the best in the industry. That's ultimately going to translate into the ability to win business off the highway and we're seeing those.

Speaker 5

We're seeing a number of those opportunities present themselves. Over time, that's going to have a really positive impact, not just on margins, but also on obviously being able to grow the top and bottom line of the company. When we look at the Q3 specifically relative to the second, we've got the headwinds that Kevin talked about on coal pricing. We've had positive fuel lag all year long. We're seeing fuel prices settle a little bit here, so that could be a little bit of a headwind into the Q3.

Speaker 5

And then as I mentioned, we've got the union wage rate increases of 4%, so that will add some costs. In terms of the second half of your question, the gap between pricing and inflation, we're seeing mid single digit inflation Across both labor and fringe and purchase services and other, that's going to persist here for the balance of the year. We've got Clean line of sight into the labor line. And most of the PSO PS and O is essentially set for the year from a rate perspective. I would also say and Kevin can chime in if there's additional info, but I think most of the pricing for the year has been done.

Speaker 5

We'll Start to get into pricing for next year as we get towards the end of the year. And so far, conversations have been continue to be very supportive.

Speaker 4

Yes, I think that's right. We've seen pricing reflect the inflationary environment and there's multi year contracts that we'll still have to touch at the back half of this year that Probably needed a little bit of catch up. But beyond that, I think it's well in line with what the inflationary market is out there, particularly on the merchandise business today.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Ken Hoexter with Bank of America. Your line is open.

Speaker 2

Hey, great. Good afternoon. So just to understand this environment, Joe, or maybe Kevin, as you move into the Q3, you're targeting Still targeting low single digit revenue ton mile growth. I guess you're running about 2% or so year to date. So do you think that moves negative based on the current weak volumes that we're seeing so far right now?

Speaker 2

And then if we do get that weak environment that we're talking about, Can you still improve operating ratio as we move into the Q3 if you're looking at revenue stay above cost of inflation? Thanks.

Speaker 4

Yes. I think, Ken, you'll remember, I think as you move into the back half of the year and as you enter into the Q4, we're also going to lap a lot easier Whether it's the international intermodal market or some of the markets that we saw some order softness begin in September and really carry through to the Q4. So I would say things will probably trend positively through the quarter, which will be helpful from a revenue RTM growth perspective. Coal is a dynamic market right now. Look, 2 weeks, 3 weeks ago before this hot summer started, probably a little bit Lower outlook for our domestic coal business, but just recently we're getting a lot more interest and a lot more inbounds on what we can do given some of the The heat waves we're having, in fact, I think we got a heat warning here in Jacksonville this afternoon.

Speaker 4

So things have been hot. Obviously, that's supportive of that market. And so things can change are very dynamic and can change quickly. The destocking, I think I mentioned it in my prepared remarks. We've seen these talking for a while in some of these markets.

Speaker 4

I don't I can't call the month or the quarter of when that stops. But there's many markets right now where we're underrunning, I think the demand that's out there in the business. So once that normalizes to the underlying demand in the economy, I think that's an opportunity for us too. And I'm hopeful that as we move into Q4, we'll see some of those dynamics play out. And then as Joe pointed out, there's The team has been doing a fantastic job and some of the efforts and some of the collaboration that we've had with Jamie and his team on the operations side It's resulting in wins and those start to layer in as we move through the year and into next year and you'll start to see that in our business as well.

Speaker 5

Yes. And Ken, just on the second part of your question, I think the commentary you heard from Kevin suggest We're not calling a pullback in volumes, but to the extent that the macro presents something like that, there's things that we can do, there's levers that we can Pull. And certainly, we would look to do that, but not to jeopardize the ability To continue to gain momentum and gain share off of the truck, which is the ultimate goal here to kind of grow the pie and grow our profitability.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Brian Ossenbeck with JPMorgan. Your line is now open.

Speaker 9

Hey, thanks. Good afternoon. So maybe just on the topic of truckload conversion, it's been mentioned several times On the call, obviously, it's a big opportunity. But can you give us any context in terms of the wins you're getting or you have line of sight to, we'd be able to Quantify that at some point in time, because clearly you're making the long term decision to go after that and it sounds like you're getting some, but it's hard to say what relative size that could be. And then Sean, if you could just clarify cost per employee, who we should expect for the next quarter.

Speaker 9

I know payments go up or the wages go up another 4%, but you got Thanks. Over time, a few other things in there as well. So it would be helpful if you can clarify that too. Thank you.

Speaker 4

Yes, I think in terms of numbers, we'll probably put a finer point on the truck conversion opportunity over the next 3 years at Sometime in the future, there's a huge focus by the team to really look at our pipeline and measure it And focus on those customers where there's an opportunity and some customers have a lot more opportunities than others and making sure we have the resources up against Those customers really drive that conversion. So a lot of activity, we have a lot of new tools internally that we're focused on in terms of measuring that. So our data is getting better and better every day and there's a lot of momentum. And as I mentioned, our pipeline as we measure it on a year over year basis is up significantly, up 30%. In a dollar volume perspective, it's up even more than that.

Speaker 4

So a lot of momentum building. Obviously, the trucking market is not The most receptive market to compete against right now, hopefully there's some optimism that's firming up here and that will even drive more As we work with customers over the next few months to drive more opportunities and we're upwards of 25 white boarding sessions year to date And those are driving a lot of opportunities. They don't necessarily come to fruition tomorrow, but over the next couple of quarters, we think those are going to translate into a lot Opportunities to shift share from truck as well. So, we're teams are very, very excited. I don't think we've had this much of momentum in terms of the things that we Control, going forward.

Speaker 4

It's just some of these markets obviously are against us right now. Over to you, Sean.

Speaker 5

Yes, thanks. And in terms of cost per employee, it should be fairly stable other than the 4% wage increase on the union piece. I think there are some opportunities to drive Some efficiencies there, so we'd hope to do better than a 4% increase from the first half to the second half, but we'll certainly feel the impact of higher wages.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Justin Long with Stephens. Your line is open.

Speaker 10

Thanks. I wanted to ask about intermodal because there's a big divergence between the intermodal and international intermodal volume trends. And I was wondering if you could share how those numbers compared in the second quarter. And looking into the back half, around your comment about the domestic intermodal market gaining momentum, is that a function of Demand getting better or your expectation for business wins starting to kick in? Thanks.

Speaker 4

Yes. I think when you look at the Q2, think about the international market being down in that high teens range. We probably, From a bottom perspective, peaked at down in that mid-20s and it's improved slightly from there. So our exit rate is a little bit better than what we Saul, middle of the quarter. What we saw through the quarter on the domestic side is sequential improvement month over month or On a year over year basis each month as we get moved through the quarter.

Speaker 4

So that gives us optimism there. The team has done quite frankly a fantastic job of Introducing some new lanes, working with some of our Class 1 partners to do that and identify new business. And some of those things are really playing out. Of our partners have done really, really well in the market despite some of the, obviously headwinds there. So working with them, identifying markets where we have some opportunities.

Speaker 4

And in these kind of markets, it gives you more flexibility to go out there and look at things, look at your network, Identify opportunities, try things out that may work and really go after it. So that's what the team has been using, Softness in the market to go and do and set us up for growth as the market rebounds. And I think you're starting to see that in the numbers here.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Tom Wadewitz with UBS. Your line is now open.

Speaker 11

Yes, great. Good afternoon. Appreciate it. I know you've got a lot of questions, Kevin, on volume and Maybe there's not tough to have a clear crystal ball in this type environment. But I guess how do you think about the kind You've got good momentum with the service, good discussions with customers, you're talking about the pipeline is good.

Speaker 11

If we see some improvement, get beyond inventory reduction, just see a bit of improvement in demand, you think you're going to See maybe a bigger cyclical swing up and maybe more evidence of some of that truck conversion coming through? Or I guess I'm just trying to think about we know it's a tough rate backdrop, but what is how do these things translate when you see some improvement in markets? Is it Mid single digit volumes higher, how do you think about that potential framework, maybe looking at a little ways?

Speaker 4

Yes. I probably won't put numbers around it, but there's a reason we're hiring. There's we See all the things that we can control internally setting us up nicely for when the markets rebound. And, yes, I think the combination of markets Returning at least to what somewhat in some cases just current demand levels is going to create a lot of leverage in our business to do that. And I think you'll see Some of these businesses where we're having discussions around truck conversion, as that market firms up, more willing to move that freight back over to rail Or move it to the rail for the first time.

Speaker 4

So, it's the pipeline takes a while to build up. It's been as Joe was pointing out earlier, it's Been about 9 months since we've seen that real improvement and the customers are reacting to it, some sooner than others. Yes, that's the idea of all these investments, obviously will help us participate when that cyclical upside, starts to occur.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Fadi Chamoun with BMO Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Speaker 12

Yes. Thank you. My question is on the service level. Like, obviously, you have done Great job in rebuilding the service and doing a pretty A comprehensive work on building the culture to sustain that longer term. But as we know, like Some of the service issues we saw in the last 2, 3 years were in all rail related.

Speaker 12

You had obviously a lot of friction coming to you from outside Of your own network, I'm just wondering how are you kind of thinking about some of these problems that Are affecting your service from outside your network. But some of these partnerships that Kevin talked about Try to kind of iron out some of the friction areas that you see in the supply chain or are there opportunities to kind of Build a service level that can be sustained even as demand comes back, which has historically have been A challenge to service levels?

Speaker 2

Yes, thanks for the questions. This is Joe. You're right. Over the last several years, supply chain Across the globe was challenged and we certainly felt the effects of some of that. We got some benefits from that on the supplemental revenue side of things because things were gummed up In storage, but generally speaking, from a customer standpoint, it definitely impacted everyone.

Speaker 2

And as we've noted in the past, around 40 And what we move on the carload side touches another rail provider. So Interchanges are important and the overall service levels of the partners we have across the Class 1 rails is really important. If you think about going forward, the ports aren't congested as much as they were and we don't have a lot of The network all gummed up in the intermodal facilities and etcetera. So we should be able to run More fluidly when the market comes back on the intermodal side especially. So I think from a customer perspective, The things that have calmed down help.

Speaker 2

And as our Class 1 rail partners continue to improve their service, The collective service that we give to the customer holistically will improve as well, which that's an opportunity for the whole industry going forward. That's the way we're thinking about it. We can control our piece of it and we want to keep getting better and more repeatable and more predictable and also working with our other Class One rail partner is to do the same. At the same time, the other parts of the business have also freed up. So as Kevin was alluding to, When that market comes back, we'll have the manpower levels and we'll have the fluid in our network and the system overall should be able to handle it In a better way, which should be better for the overall economy.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Amit Mehrotra with Deutsche Bank. Your line is now open.

Speaker 13

Hey guys, thanks for taking the question. Kevin, can you just talk about the direction of Travel for non coal yield, I just would have expected a little bit of a better performance in the 2nd quarter I know there was a fuel headwind that's pretty severe incrementally. That fuel headwind kind of moderates in 3Q. So just wondering what the direction of travel on that is? And then Sean, You made some good progress on PS and O costs in the quarter relative to, I guess, that insurance gain adjusted Q1.

Speaker 13

I know you've got some like Leases that are expiring around intermodal container storage yards and things like that in the back half. What's the right way to think about PS and O Coming down in the back half relative to what you did in the second quarter. Thanks.

Speaker 4

Yes. Obviously, Putting coal aside, obviously, that we've talked about on the international side, when you look at yields broadly, There's always mix, right? And when you look at our merchandise business in general, one of the markets we've highlighted is obviously under Cyclical pressure right now is the chemical market, which typically has a higher RPU. So that's weighed on the overall Benefit you've seen from the merchandise side and there's a lot of moving parts within it. But if you look at what we were able to achieve within individual markets, it was Quite healthy, I think, despite some of the fuel surcharge headwinds that you saw.

Speaker 4

The intermodal market Unique, given some of the challenges on the truck and what we have to do there, particularly on the spot market. But again, fuel surcharges, much larger impact there. And Absent that, you saw flattish type RPU, and that was mainly impacted by some of our longer term contracts, obviously, at positive rate. On the flip side, some of the spot markets saw some significant downgrade along with the truck, but the market held in Obviously a lot better than some of the trucking rates out there and what the markets do there. But overall, I was very pleased and some of the NPA results as we measure it are Some of the highest results that we've seen in a long time, if you look broadly across some markets.

Speaker 5

And Amit, your question on PS and O, I'm always hesitant to predict that line because there's a number of different puts and takes within it That can impact the quarter. I will say that we are very we're focused on cost control and we're making sure that we've got only the costs that are necessary in order to move the In order to move the volume, to the extent that intermodal volumes pick up a little bit, that will have an impact on PS and O costs. But Outside of volume related expenses, I would fully expect that we'd be able to kind of hold the line on the improvement that you saw in the Q2 in PS and O going forward. And if you look at it on a year over year basis for the second half, that means we'll probably be able to absorb most of the inflationary impact in the second half, Notwithstanding any sort of volume related impacts that we might see.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of David Vernon with Sanford Bernstein. Your line is now open.

Speaker 14

Good afternoon, guys. Thanks for the Thanks for taking the question. So Kevin, just to kind of dig into that the mid teens guidance for RPU sequentially, does that kind of bring us to mark to market for 2.25? And

Speaker 12

How do

Speaker 14

we think about it, the sensitivity? Can we extrapolate that sensitivity going forward? If we're going to expect sort of benchmark pricing to either go up or down, is that a good way To think about the sensitivity on further price changes because $2.25 was still, call it, dollars 75 above the long run average in the prior decade.

Speaker 4

Yes. I think that's fair. Obviously, there's bottoms right there and there's We protect ourselves both on the bottom and then on the top end. We don't participate in some of the extreme stream cases, but I think that's fair. 225 is kind of embedded in what we're coming into the quarter.

Speaker 4

We've seen a little bit of positive uplift in that. So, even as recently as last couple of days, so we'll see where that trends. But we've seen a lot of stability, if not a little slight uptick in that market here recently, and we'll see what the 4th quarter brings.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Jordan Alliger with Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open.

Speaker 5

Hi, this is Paul Stoddart on for Jordan. I guess with the recent agreement on the West Coast for the longshoremen, there's some anticipation that there could be some more freight being diverted back to the West Coast. I guess, how are you thinking about that in terms of international intermodal long term and do you think that's going to be offset by domestic intermodal? Thanks.

Speaker 4

I think the long term trend, if you just go to Charleston, you go to Savannah and Look at all the investments being made, there's a long term growth opportunity on the East Coast and you'll continue to see our growth in the East Coast, which we'll Continue to serve and benefit from some stability on the West Coast is going to be helpful. As you know, a lot of our international business still comes across the West through Chicago and other Interchange points and unfortunately a lot of that volume given some of the congestion on the West was either trucked and we didn't see that volume. So As that we should benefit from a recovery there. So I don't see it as necessarily taking share away from what we're doing in the East, more as something that Obviously, if the rails in the west begin to perform better on a year over year basis, we'll benefit the Eastern network Some of that traffic coming to us.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Allison Polanyak with Wells Fargo. Hi, good evening.

Speaker 15

Just want to go back to Brian's question on modal conversion. When you talk to customers that Aren't quite ready to convert yet. Is it simply price that's holding them back? Or is there something from a service perspective that they're looking for you to provide that's just not quite there yet? Just any thoughts on that?

Speaker 15

Thanks.

Speaker 4

Well, okay, I think the most important thing for customers is reliability, right? And In some customers' eyes, they want to see more of that reliability. They like what they see today. We've got to continue to perform And how those conversations and sometimes it's lane by lane, it's carload by carload where we get that confidence from a customer. And so We're in the very early innings of this and we feel the acceleration from Q1 to Q2 and I expect those conversations to pick up even more in the 3rd and fourth As we continue to perform, sharing what we're doing on the hiring side is incredibly helpful.

Speaker 4

Sharing with them what we plan to do to make our network more resilient, Winning their confidence, but that's the number one issue. It's not price. 99% of the time, We have a pricing advantage versus our truck competitors. So that's the opportunity for us. We have the environmental advantages.

Speaker 4

So we have all these things. We just got to get the reliability improved and that reliability is sustainable.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Walter Spracklin with RBC Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Speaker 16

Thanks very much, operator. I just wanted to shift focus from the pipeline looks really good, Kevin, and presumably that's merchandise based mainly. But Looking into 2024 on some of your bulk areas and in particular ag and coal, No, the EIA has just revised downward its forecast for next year by quite a bit. And then on the ag side, It looks like there's some severe drought conditions forming that's going to impact the current growing season. So looking into 2024, I mean, That suggests that we could be bracing for some down double digit volume growth in those two categories.

Speaker 16

Is there any offsets there that you would flag For next year that would offset some of those fairly negative forecasts for those 2 particular common commodities?

Speaker 4

Well, a really hot summer certainly doesn't hurt. That's what we're in the middle of. Obviously, From a coal perspective and you're referencing mainly the domestic side, that's obviously dependent on the weather conditions and the weather I think it's a surprise from a heat perspective to the upside here over the last few weeks and we're seeing that with a lot of our Customers running full out here and the planning seeing some of the inventory levels. And so we'll see how the winter plays out. I think it's really, really early in July to Call 2024, that seems a bit premature to me.

Speaker 4

We see a very healthy export market as well. Obviously, that's driven by global macro conditions, but we have new supply coming online that will ramp up next year. That supply is going to land in the market. It's very competitive in the market and we expect to participate in it. Many of the mines that we serve are going to be in the market Almost no matter what condition.

Speaker 4

So we see the volume there sustainable. On the ag side, again, I've followed the markets for a long time. I think July is a little bit premature as well. It has been hot out there. We'll see how The market firms up here, but there's a lot of moving parts.

Speaker 4

We're seeing a little bit of weakness here in the Q3, but you see some good indications into the 4th. So we'll see how that trends and we'll watch the crop conditions as you are, see how that moves into the Back half of the year, obviously, we don't have as large of a franchise on that side as some of the other railroads, particularly in the West from an export perspective, so A little less exposure.

Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Jason Seidl with TD Cowen. Your line is

Speaker 8

open. Great. Thank you. This is Elliot Alper on for Jason. On the international and intermodal side, last quarter you talked about Some of your larger customers were expecting a pickup in the back half of the year.

Speaker 8

So I guess, what have your customers That has changed over the past 3 months that has resulted in no inflection yet. Maybe there's been any change in view in the peak season?

Speaker 1

Thanks.

Speaker 4

I don't I wouldn't read any of our comments that there's been any Type of inflection down, we're just I don't think there's we're seeing in real time an inflection up in the market. And I mentioned earlier in the Q4, we obviously start to lap A lot easier comps on a year over year basis. So I think from an overall growth perspective, 4th quarter will be an easy much easier comp than what we've seen throughout the year and hopefully that momentum will carry into next year. But There's no indications that the market is necessarily picking up. I don't I think we bottomed from that perspective.

Speaker 4

The question is how quickly the market recovers and that will be I believe we're relying on the consumer and how that stands out into the holiday season going forward.

Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes our Q and A session for today and today's conference call. Thank you for attending. You may now disconnect.

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Earnings Conference Call
CSX Q2 2023
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