Moderna Q4 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

Quartr
Provided by Quartr
February 22, 2024

There are 10 speakers on the call.

Operator

Good day and thank

Speaker 1

you for standing by. Welcome to the Moderna Fourth Quarter 2023 Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question and answer session. Session.

Speaker 1

Please be advised today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Lavita Talukdar. Please go ahead.

Speaker 2

Thank you, Kevin. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us on today's call to discuss Moderna's 4th quarter and full year 2023 financial results and business updates. You can access the press release issued this morning as well as the slides that we'll be reviewing by going to the Investors section of our website. On today's call are Stephane Bancel, our Chief Commercial Executive Officer Stephen Hogue, our President and Jamie Mach, our Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, please note that this conference call will include forward looking statements made pursuant to the Safe Harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Speaker 2

Please see Slide 2 of the accompanying presentation and our SEC filings for important risk factors that could cause our actual performance and results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward looking statements. With that, I'll turn it over to Stephan.

Speaker 3

Thank you, Lavina. Good morning or good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for joining us today. I will start with a review of 2023. Jaime will then present our financial results.

Speaker 3

Siva will then review our late stage clinical programs and I will close by sharing our 2024 priorities. Let me start with our mission. Moderna's commitment to deliver the greatest possible impact to people through mRNA medicine. In 2023, every member of the Moderna team helped to advance our mission, which is a driving force that motivates our team every single day. We impacted more than 100,000,000 people around the world and we advanced our development pipeline across all of our franchises including infectious disease, oncology and rare disease.

Speaker 3

2023 was a difficult year as we transition from a pandemic to a seasonal endemic market. We reported sales of $6,100,000,000 for 2023, which was at the low end of our financial framework range. These sales exclude the recognition of $600,000,000 of deferred revenue from Gavi. In the U. S, the vaccination rate was down year over year.

Speaker 3

We were pleased that our U. S. Commercial team drove an increase in our retail market share from 37% to 48%. Outside of the U. S, we were not able to compete in the EU market in the second half of twenty twenty three due to a competitor contract and our performance led to a low market share in Japan.

Speaker 3

We did have a strong performance in Israel, Switzerland and Taiwan. We took several important actions in 2023 that we set our commercial COVID business up for success. We resize our manufacturing footprint, which has been established to support capacity at pandemic levels. We exited contract manufacturing relationships and reduced inventory levels. These initiatives will improve cash flow from our COVID business moving forward.

Speaker 3

We also flattened the commercial structure. All regions report directly to me now for more targeted sales execution and also a better integration with global teams. We focus on R and D spending and our SG and A expenditures towards near term growth and higher return on investment projects. While sales were challenging in 2023, our development team had a great year with excellent progress across many of our late stage pipeline programs. In 2023, we advanced our pipeline and now have 9 late stage programs.

Speaker 3

Let's start with respiratory vaccine. For RSV, we filed for approvals around the world. We reported positive data from our flu P303 study and we are fully enrolled in the Phase 3 studies for our next gen COVID mRNA-twelve eighty three and flu plus COVID combination vaccine mRNA-ten eighty three. In our latent franchise, we are very excited that our Phase 3 CMV trial is now fully enrolled. In our individualized neoantigen therapy program or INT, where we partner with Merck Phase 3 studies in adjuvant melanoma and non small cell lung cancer are enrolling.

Speaker 3

We purchased and are currently building out a manufacturing site in Marlborough, Massachusetts to enable commercialization of our IND program. Our rare disease therapy programs continue to progress well. We're in dose selection of a restrational study of our proprionic acidemia program. In MMA, we are pleased to see improvement in biomarkers and clinical outcomes. In research, we made 6 external investments, including 1 acquisition, which we expect will increase the strategic reach and also the breadth of our mRNA platform.

Speaker 3

Now turning to our 2023 financial summary, we reported GAAP revenue of 6,800,000,000 dollars a net loss of $4,700,000,000 primarily driven by mostly non cash charges of $3,700,000,000 related to resizing of manufacturing and the tax valuation allowance. We are pleased to end the year with cash and cash investments of $13,300,000,000 Let me turn to Jamie for more color on our financials.

Operator

Thanks, Stephane, and hello everyone. Today, I will review our financial performance for both the Q4 and the full year of 2023. I'll also provide our financial framework for 2024. Let me start with a review of our commercial performance this year. In the first half of twenty twenty three, we reported product sales of $2,100,000,000 with the majority of sales from advanced purchase agreements signed for delivery in 2022 that were deferred into 2023.

Operator

We do not expect these sales to repeat in 2024. In the second half of twenty twenty three, we recorded $4,000,000,000 in sales from seasonal endemic demand and an additional $600,000,000 from deferred revenue related to Gavi. Sales in the 4th quarter were $2,800,000,000 with $800,000,000 in sales in the U. S. And $600,000,000 in Europe and $1,400,000,000 in the rest of the world, including the deferred revenue from Gavi.

Operator

For the full year 2023, product sales were $6,700,000,000 comprised of $1,700,000,000 in sales in the U. S, dollars 1,400,000,000 in Europe and $3,600,000,000 in the rest of the world, again including deferred revenue from Gabi. Moving to Slide 10. As mentioned, net product sales were $2,800,000,000 this quarter, a 43% decrease from last year. This was largely attributable to the anticipated reduction in sales volume, which was partially offset by a higher average selling price.

Operator

This decrease is indicative of the evolving market dynamics as we navigate the transition of the COVID-nineteen vaccine market towards a more predictable seasonal pattern like traditional flu vaccines. Cost of sales was $929,000,000 down from 39% of net product sales in the previous year to 33% this year. This is a demonstration of our strategic efforts in Q3 to resize our manufacturing footprint, which as expected led to additional charges in Q4 of $169,000,000 primarily related to the wind down of certain contract manufacturing operations. Additionally, cost of sales also includes an inventory write down of $322,000,000 reflecting revised demand forecasts. R and D expenses increased by 16 percent to $1,400,000,000 This uptick reflects our commitment to advancing our late stage clinical development particularly with our RSV vaccine, CMV vaccine, combination vaccine against flu and COVID-nineteen as well as our INT program.

Operator

The increase also included an upfront payment of $120,000,000 associated with the strategic research and development collaboration with Imadex. SG and A expenses were $470,000,000 up 25% year over year. The increase in spending was primarily due to the expansion of our commercial operations, particularly in the U. S. Market.

Operator

Income tax was a benefit of $147,000,000 for the Q4 of 2023, largely attributable to the tax benefits as part of finalizing our 2020 2 U. S. Tax return. Net income for the quarter was $217,000,000 compared to $1,500,000,000 in the 4th quarter last year. Diluted earnings per share was $0.55 compared to $3.61 in 2022.

Operator

We closed the quarter with a strong cash position of $13,300,000,000 which is slightly higher than the $12,800,000,000 we had at the end of the prior quarter. Now let's turn to our annual performance on Page 11. Net product sales for the full year of 2023 were $6,700,000,000 a decrease of 64% from the previous year, mainly due to lower sales volume of our COVID-nineteen vaccine. As mentioned earlier, this includes the recognition of $600,000,000 from the deferred revenue related to Gavi. Excluding this item, our sales of $6,100,000,000 were still in line with the framework we provided for the full year.

Speaker 3

Cost of sales for the

Operator

full year represented 70% of net product sales, a substantial increase from 29% of product sales in 2022. This shift is largely attributable to our strategic efforts to optimize our manufacturing operations, resulting in charges of $1,600,000,000 and other manufacturing and distribution costs over reduced sales volume. Overall, cost of sales came in at $4,700,000,000 slightly below the $5,000,000,000 we provided in our latest framework. Research and development spend was $4,800,000,000 and SG and A was $1,500,000,000 both in line with our expectations. Our income tax provision was $772,000,000 for the full year 2023.

Operator

During our Q3 earnings call, we discussed the requirement under GAAP to establish a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets. When the current year and cumulative income projection for the next 3 years is in a loss position. It's important to note that future income from products not yet approved by regulators are excluded from these income projections, which restricts us to just our COVID vaccine and it does not include expected future launches. This valuation allowance does not impact cash flows, future tax returns or the company's ability to utilize deferred tax assets in future periods. Net loss for the year was $4,700,000,000 compared to net income of $8,400,000,000 last year.

Operator

The decrease in profit was primarily due to lower product sales and higher R and D expenses in 2023. Diluted loss per share was $12.33 compared to the diluted earnings per share of $20.12 in 2022. So now let's move to Slide 12. We wanted to provide you additional perspective on our full year financial results. By presenting them alongside a summarized version that excludes the impact of the Gavi deferred revenue recognition, our resizing charges and the tax valuation allowance.

Operator

Our total GAAP net loss for the full year was $4,700,000,000 However, when excluding these primarily non cash items, the net loss is reduced to $1,600,000,000 Now let's turn to our 2024 financial framework on Slide 13, which is mostly in line with what I shared on our Q3 call. We expect net sales for 2024 of approximately $4,000,000,000 which we think will be a low point as we expect to return to growth in 2025. Sales in the first half of the year are expected to be approximately $100,000,000 reflecting the strong seasonality of respiratory vaccines. We expect cost of sales of approximately 35% of product sales in line with our cost of sales framework, which we introduced in our Q3 earnings call last year. For R and D, we expect full year expenses to be approximately $4,500,000,000 down from $4,800,000,000 in 2023.

Operator

And for SG and A, we expect full year expenses to be approximately $1,300,000,000 down from $1,500,000,000 in 2023. We also expect taxes to be negligible in 2024. In our Q3 earnings call, I provided our Moderna operating principles, which largely centered around a very disciplined approach to capital allocation. Our number one priority has been and will continue to be reinvesting in the business. In addition to the investment into our pipeline, we expect capital expenditures in 2024 to be approximately $900,000,000 as we mostly complete the construction of our facilities across the globe.

Operator

Our teams are laser focused on operational improvements for both expense management and working capital. As a result, we expect to end 2024 with approximately $9,000,000,000 in cash. I will now turn the call over to Stephen.

Speaker 4

Thank you, Jamie. Good morning or good afternoon, everyone. Today, I'll do a quick review of our clinical highlights from our late stage programs in 2023 and then look ahead to anticipated milestones in 2024. While we have over 40 programs in development, they will focus on our late stage pipeline, which consists of 9 programs across 4 franchises, all made significant progress in 2023. 4 of these programs are in our respiratory vaccine franchise.

Speaker 4

We hope to launch all of these potential products by the end of 2025. I'll discuss these further in a moment. The other 5 late stage programs are spread across latent vaccines, oncology therapeutics and rare disease therapeutics. We hope to begin launching these beginning in 2026 and I'll discuss our progress in these areas as well. In infectious disease vaccines, we've achieved many important clinical milestones in 29 High-three.

Speaker 4

Within our respiratory vaccine franchise, we filed for RSV vaccine approvals in many countries around the world. We recently presented follow-up data from our Phase 3 study at the RSV VW meeting that I'll recap in a moment. In our mRNA-ten ten flu program, our Phase 3p303 study met its primary safety endpoints and hit all 8 co primary immunogenicity endpoints against all strains of influenza. We're also excited that we fully enrolled the Phase 3 immunogenicity and safety study of our next gen COVID vaccine and the Phase 3 immunogenicity and safety study of our flu and COVID combination vaccine. In our latent and other vaccines franchise, we're proud of the great progress our team made to complete enrollment in the Phase 3 study of our CMV vaccine in 2023.

Speaker 4

That study is now accruing cases towards its first interim analysis of efficacy. On Slide 17, I want to briefly review the primary analysis for our RSV vaccine, which was first shared in January of 2023. The study met its primary and key secondary endpoints, leading the DSMB to recommend unblinding. Vaccine efficacy was 83.7% against RSV with 2 or more symptoms of lower respiratory tract disease at a median follow-up of 3.7 months with a wide range of 2 weeks to 12 months of total follow-up. The primary analysis showed also showed 82.4% 68.4% vaccine efficacy against 3 or more symptoms and acute respiratory distress respectively.

Speaker 4

These data were recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine in December of last year. We've continued to follow the participants in the trial and announced follow-up data at the RSVVW conference earlier this month. An additional analysis showed sustained vaccine efficacy against RSV with VE of 63.3% against RSV lower respiratory tract disease with 2 or more symptoms through a median follow-up of 8.6 months and a maximum follow-up of 17.7 months. The vaccine efficacy was 74.6% against RSV lower respiratory tract disease associated with shortness of breath, which has been shown to be a key driver of seeking a higher level of medical care and the associated burdens and costs. Now Slide 19 summarizes the overall timing of enrollment, primary efficacy analysis and subsequent analysis overlaid against the epidemiology of RSV over the 2 seasons that have now contributed to the efficacy in the trial.

Speaker 4

Our trial enrolled steadily over 13 months between November 2021 December 2022. As a result, the primary efficacy analysis included cases from both the smaller RSV season of 2021 2022 and the much more significant RSV season of 20222023. Due to enrollment throughout the year, the median follow-up, the primary analysis was 3.7 months, but as I noted, the maximum follow-up was 12 months. The primary analysis met its success criteria leading to study on blinding. We continue to preplan additional analysis on April 30, 2023.

Speaker 4

At that analysis, the median follow-up was 8.6 months with a maximum follow-up of 17.7 months or put another way approximately 17,000 participants or between 9 18 months of study follow-up at the time of the analysis with many completing their 2nd RSV season on the study. Per protocol, we are continuing to follow cases through 1 year, but as is evident from the epidemiology, very few cases would be expected in the 6 months after the April 30 cutoff date from the last analysis. In summary, we are pleased that the data shows sustained efficacy through 2 seasons, including the large RSV season of 2022, 2023, and we look forward to providing further updates from this ongoing study. We also achieved clinical milestones across our therapeutic franchises in 2023. In oncology, our individualized neoantigen therapy developed in partnership with Merck began Phase III clinical studies in both adjuvant melanoma and non small cell lung cancer.

Speaker 4

Both Phase III trials are now actively enrolling. Our primary analysis from the Phase 2 study was recently published in The Lancet, giving greater detail on the 2 year follow-up data that we had released in 2022. Now in December of 2023, we shared top line follow-up data from that same Phase 2 study in adjuvant melanoma patients confirming the durability of the initially reported responses. At a median follow-up of now 3 years, the recurrence free survival and distant metastasis free survival remained extremely favorable, with a reduction of the risk of recurrence or death by 49% and a reduction of the risk of distant metastasis or death of 62%. Both results were highly statistically significant at 3 years.

Speaker 4

And in PA and MMA, our most advanced rare disease therapeutic programs, we continued to see positive clinical data in our Phase III studies, including improvements in biomarkers and clinical outcomes such as metabolic decompensations. Turning to Slide 21. While we're proud of the progress in 2023, we have much more ahead in 2024. Let me take you through some of the late stage milestones we anticipate for this year. I'll start with our respiratory franchise, where we are targeting the first approval for RSV vaccine beginning in the first half of twenty twenty four with commercial launches shortly thereafter.

Speaker 4

With our flu vaccine, we're in discussions with regulators about potential submissions for approvals and we expect to begin filing this year. Phase 3 data from our next gen COVID vaccine is expected in the first half of twenty twenty four, which will inform the next steps. And we expect Phase 3 data for our flu and COVID combination vaccine this year. In latent vaccines, we are looking forward to potential efficacy data from our CMV Phase 3 study. In cognitive oncology, we expect continued progress enrolling our 2 Phase 3 studies in INT for adjuvant melanoma and non small cell lung cancer.

Speaker 4

We also expect to expand into additional tumor types this year. And finally, in rare diseases, we expect to move into registrational studies for both PA and MMA in 2024. It will be a very busy year and we look forward to sharing progress with you as the year progresses. With that, I'll turn the call over to Stephane.

Speaker 3

Thank you, Stephen and Jamie. For Moderna and the patients we serve, 2024 is all about execution. Execution in commercial, execution of our late stage pipeline and execution with financial discipline. Starting with commercial, first of COVID vaccine. We will continue to work with health authorities to increase vaccination rights and improve public health by reducing the substantial burden of disease from COVID in this upcoming 2024, 2025 season.

Speaker 3

While I am pleased with the U. S. Market share outcome of the current season, I believe we can and must do better on vaccination rates. Our team are actively working on it already. A few weeks ago, the EU published a new mRNA COVID vaccine tender up to 36,000,000 doses per year for up to 4 years.

Speaker 3

Our team is actively working to respond to this tender. We are prioritizing our commercial focus on specific markets around the world to deliver where it matters the most. Moving to our RSV vaccine candidate. We are very excited about launching the RSV vaccine this year That will be the launch of our 2nd product. Our mRNA platform is delivering.

Speaker 3

The FDA PDUFA date is May 12. If the outcome is positive, we anticipate that ACT will include mRNA-thirteen forty five on the agenda in late June. In Europe, we expect Germany to launch in 2024. We also expect Australia to launch this year, while other markets will likely launch in 2025. In many markets around the world, we need to secure regulatory approval before we can participate in standards.

Speaker 3

As communicated last year, given expected approval up by the U. S, Germany and Australia, we anticipate launching RSU in this market in 2025. The RSU market is estimated to be a $10,000,000,000 opportunity consisting roughly of $6,000,000,000 to $8,000,000,000 in older adults and $2,000,000,000 to $4,000,000,000 in the pediatric and maternal setting. In 2023, the 1st year RSV vaccine launches, consumer awareness of RSV and demand for RSV vaccine was strong. The 2023 adult RSV vaccine market was around $2,500,000,000 This is quite impressive even it was the first year RSV vaccines were available.

Speaker 3

They were not even available for a full year and the products were not approved in many countries. With 2023 R and D vaccination rate as a small percentage of a total addressable market, we are quite excited to launch our product into this large and growing market. Let me now turn to our RSV vaccine profile. We believe we are the best profile to serve patients and compete in the RSV market, efficacy, safety and ease of use. Our clinical data shows strong vaccine efficacy.

Speaker 3

We have a well established safety and tolerability profile that leverages the same mRNA technology that has been delivered in over 1,000,000,000 COVID vaccines. Additionally, we have not seen any case of Guillain Barre syndrome or GBS in our Phase 3 trial. We expect to be the only company to offer an RSV vaccine in ready to use pre filled syringe or PFS. Our one step administration compared well relative to competitive products and require multiple preparation steps by pharmacists and clinicians. As you know, one of our competitor product requires 9 step of preparation for each consumer needing an IV vaccine and the other competitors product requires 4 step of preparation.

Speaker 3

With over 90% of U. S. RSV vaccine given to date in the pharmacy setting, PFS presentations offers ease of use, time saving and the potential to reduce medical errors. Given the labor shortage in retail pharmacy channel, we anticipate our PFS presentation will be welcomed by pharmacists in a very busy respiratory vaccine season where pharmacists need in addition to the regular task to administer flu vaccine, COVID vaccine and the IV vaccine. Today, we talked about how much progress we made in the late stage pipeline in 2023.

Speaker 3

This year, we look forward to courting the execution and reporting milestones in each of these programs. If you look at this slide, it is going to be a very busy and very exciting year with multiple Phase 3 readouts like the COVID-nineteen, also flu plus COVID Phase 3 data and potentially CMV Phase 3 data. But also we're going to be filing products like flu, which will be our 3rd product file and of course approvals in many countries around the world for RASD. Finally, we are all committed to exercise financial discipline across the business. While we have resized our manufacturing footprint in 2023, we will continue to find ongoing cost improvements in manufacturing.

Speaker 3

We will reduce operating expenses in R and D and SG and A and prioritize program in R and D with near term commercial potential in areas of unmet medical need. Overall, our CapEx will be up modestly in 2024 compared to 2023 and we mostly complete construction of several important plants in Marlborough, Massachusetts for INT and Canada, UK and Australia. In 2025, we expect CapEx to be down significantly. We're also targeting working capital improvement. And importantly, as you know, we are adopting AI across the business, which we expect to save time, increase productivity and drive scalability in addition to cost saving.

Speaker 3

Our use of AI is increasing by the week and new use cases are exciting to see how our teams are embracing this new tool across the business. In summary, 2024 is an important year of execution across our company, one that will set the stage for the next several years. I am very excited by how our company is positioned. I believe 2024 will be a year where many observers of Moderna go from thinking of us as a COVID-nineteen company to seeing Moderna as an mRNA platform company with several products approved and more approvals on the way for 2025 beyond. Over the next few years, our ability to deliver on our mission will increase significantly and be very meaningful for our teams.

Speaker 3

With that, operator, we'll be now happy to take questions.

Speaker 1

Thank Our first question comes from Michael Yee with Jefferies. Your line is open.

Speaker 5

Hey guys, good morning and thanks for the question. Focusing on RSV, I know you made a number of nice comments about comparing the data. Maybe you could talk to 2 or 3 points. One is perhaps how it will work in the commercial market in the U. S.

Speaker 5

With contracting? Is that contracting season? Or do you have to have contracts? And how does that work between the 2 different other competitors? And secondly, how would that work at the pharmacy level when either patients or doctors are making the selection given the fact that Pfizer and GSK both had similar sales but different profiles?

Speaker 5

Maybe talk to those 2 different things and how you expect that to play out for this year? Thank you.

Speaker 3

Great. Thank you, Michael. It's Stefan. So in terms of contracting, obviously, we cannot start contracting now because the product is not approved. But our medical team has been quite engaged across the board at medical conferences, talking to health care professionals and sharing the great data that was published in December, as you know, for a Phase 3 in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Speaker 3

So we have active discussions. There is quite high excitement about the possibility again either product was to be approved to get a pre fill syringe product. As we discussed in my remarks, as you know, labor shortages are a big issue in pharmacy. For any of us that has gone to a pharmacy in the fall, you could see it was very busy, sometimes a bit too hectic. And so the leadership of the big retail pharmacies is very engaged to think about COVID versus RSV and how to simplify the workflow, how to reduce medical errors, which is why those medical discussions that we're having so far give me a significant hope that our products will be meaningful tools for our customers.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Gena Wang with Barclays. Your line is open.

Speaker 6

Thank you. I have two very quick questions. First one is regarding the RSV vaccine. What portion of 35,000 to 36,000 participants that completed 2 seasons and regarding February 29 ASEP meeting, what additional data you will be presenting? And very quickly on 2024 guidance, now we have a better understanding of both COVID and RSV market size for 2023 2024 season, what could be the upside or downside for your 2024 revenue guidance of $4,000,000,000

Speaker 4

Great. Thanks, Gina. I'll take the first part of that. So

Speaker 5

I actually can't

Speaker 4

I don't know off the top of my head the proportion because there are both Southern and Northern Hemisphere participants that were enrolled in the study. And so counting the 2 RSV seasons will depend upon that. It is a sizable proportion, because as I said, the maximum follow-up, at the additional analysis about 18 months, medium was 9 months. And so, by definition, about half, as you just said, about 17,000 participants are between it. And we did enroll pretty continuously over 13 months, not exactly evenly, but pretty close to it.

Speaker 4

So, I don't want to give you an inaccurate number, but I would suspect it is a pretty sizable proportion because of that steady, pretty consistent enrollment over the course of 13 months. It's not exactly equal, but it trended that direction. As far as additional data for the ACIP meeting, we will obviously continue to provide updates, from any additional analysis we're doing on durability. We obviously have immunogenicity data as well as data across different subpopulations. And if we are fortunate enough to have the opportunity to present at the ACIP, we will of course listen to the committee on anything they would like to see as well on the performance of mRNA-thirteen forty five as a vaccine and the performance of vaccines in general in terms of durability as it guides decision making around repeat dosing or boosting on some schedule and the public health.

Speaker 3

Thanks, Stephen. And Gina and Stephane, on the upside and downside on the sales for this year. I think on the upside, obviously, the COVID in Europe, as I just mentioned, we couldn't participate in the market last fall. The new tender is an opportunity for us to participate. Quite a number of doctors, hospitals, public health leaders have actually complained that the monona vaccine given the higher efficacy reported for reduction of hospitalization was not available, especially for the elderly, for immunocompromised people.

Speaker 3

So that's an interesting upside. Of course, the vaccination rate in the U. S. As we reported, the vaccination rate in the current ending season was lower than last year. As I said in my remarks, we need to do better to protect more people and our team is actively already working in a cross functional matter to address the VCR and increase the vaccination rate.

Speaker 3

And the other upside could be the RSV both the market growth as well as our share. How quickly can we get share from the current 2 solutions available. On the downside, of course, the vaccination rate could be a downside. And the other one is of course timing of RSV launch, given we rely on regulators for the approval of products and then the public health recommendations like CDC of a different NITAACs in the different countries that could of course delay launches and of course impacting sales. Thank you.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Ellie Merle with UBS. Your line is open.

Speaker 7

Hey guys, thanks so much for taking the question. Just turning to the CMV Phase 3, can you talk a little bit about what you'd view as clinically meaningful or commercially relevant on vaccine efficacy? And if successful, also how are you thinking about use in seronegativeversus seropositive patients? Thanks.

Speaker 4

For sure. So thank you for the question. So in CMV, obviously, there's currently no vaccine that can prevent infection against CMV. And as it is a source of devastating birth defects, anything that provides a statistically significant reduction in the rate of infection and therefore vertical transmission would be, would be we think terrific. Now the minimum bar, that we are powering our study with support is a vaccine efficacy of approximately 50% as we've shared previously.

Speaker 4

Anything above that would obviously beat our expectations and be incredibly exciting for the field. We are in the Phase 3 study enrolling both seropositive and seronegative participants. And part of the reason for that is that there's currently no broadly used diagnostic. And so we want to demonstrate benefit or safety in both populations, because we do believe that the most likely use of the vaccine could be but it's given regardless of sero status to both seronegatives and seropositives. And there are potential benefits for seropositives that could include control of shedding or viremia or other long term sequelae CMB, but we would have to prove those.

Speaker 4

And again, those are not something we're exploring explicitly in the current Phase 3 study. So as a practical matter, from a labeling perspective and a launch perspective, our goal is to try and launch the product for both seropositives and seronegatives so that no diagnostic would be needed and it can be broadly used across populations to try and prevent the devastating effects of CMV on vertical transmission to newborn babies.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Hartaj Singh with Oppenheimer. Your line is open.

Speaker 5

Great. Thank you. You had indicated that you're going to complete enrollment for CMV this year and maybe have a readout. Can you just walk us through the steps of how that would look like? And maybe just give us some ideas on powering statistical assumptions?

Speaker 5

Thank you.

Speaker 4

Yes, of course. Thanks, Hartaj. So we're currently fully enrolled and we're accruing cases in that study. I think as we've shared before, we've actually made substantial progress in the number of cases. It is a case driven endpoint and we'll need to see approximately 80 cases before we'll do the 1st interim analysis for efficacy.

Speaker 4

That 81 cases to be specific, that interim analysis for efficacy will look a lot like our other vaccine efficacy studies. DSMB will evaluate that data. And if we meet the statistical threshold, which is for early efficacy, meaning we're doing better than our minimum of 49.5% vaccine efficacy, then they will, at that moment, tell us to unblind and share the results and of course we will share them broadly with the world. If for whatever reason we don't quite have the statistical power in that first interim analysis efficacy, the study is powered to continue on and continue to accrue cases towards a final analysis of efficacy. Now given the rate of the final analysis at 112 cases.

Speaker 4

Now given the rate of a case accrual that we are currently seeing in the study, we do expect that that we will have more than enough cases this year. We are therefore pretty confident that we are going to be seeing a readout from the interim analysis, possibly even the final analysis for efficacy in 2024. But again, since it's case and event driven, we just have to bide our time. And ultimately, we will depend upon the DSMB to tell us whether or not we've met that statistical threshold.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Luca Ise with RBC Capital. Your line is open.

Speaker 8

Great. Thanks so much for taking my question. Maybe, Stephen, in I and T, maybe can you remind us what's your latest thinking in terms of potential for accelerated approval there for melanoma? And then maybe on the additional tumor types that you guys and Merck are thinking about it, can you just maybe talk about what are the tumor types that you're contemplating and whether those tumor types are going to be in the adjuvant settings or in the metastatic settings? And then maybe on RSV quickly, can you just maybe expand on durability in the context of your competitor?

Speaker 8

Is there a scenario where vaccine for every other year versus your vaccine for every year? Any color there, much appreciated. Thanks so much.

Speaker 4

I had a few questions. I'll try and get them. I apologize if I forget anyone. So first on the question of INT and accelerated approval in the adjuvant melanoma setting. So as we've said before, we continue to be really excited about the data and are excited to start looking to talk to regulators about it.

Speaker 4

There have been 3 things that we've tried to say that had to be true for us to believe it was appropriate to even ask about accelerated approval. The first was we had to see durability. And clearly, the data that we just saw from December just 2 months ago shows that durability and really clear statistically significant result, where the comparator arm, the control arm looks really just like the labeled data. And so we're incredibly encouraged by that durability. That was criteria 1.

Speaker 4

But the second and third are still there and really important. The second is that we have to substantially enroll the confirmatory Phase 3 study. For an accelerated approval in this space, we do believe we have to show we've really already done the diligence to allow that confirmatory data to come in, so that 3 or 4 years from now that further readout would confirm anything that would happen in accelerated approval context. And then the 3rd and perhaps now increasingly important criteria was that we had to establish the commercial manufacturing facility. And so as we've announced, we've been building a facility in Marlborough, Massachusetts.

Speaker 4

It will be a purpose built personalized individualized neoantigen therapy facility that is ultimately what will be licensed to create this product for the world, whether it's in an accelerated context or in the future with full approval. That facility is coming online. We look forward to hosting many of you and others in tours as we bring it online. But without that facility, there isn't really a product here to talk about. And so all three of them are essential.

Speaker 4

We're making progress on all three. And I think the most exciting thing is what you were just alluding to, which is the durability of the benefit we've been seeing really causes us to lean into completing, working hard to complete the enrollment of that confirmatory study criteria too and finish the build out of that Marlborough facility, which is the 3rd criteria. Now on the point of other indications that we're going after, the we will I will defer to our partners Merck on the specifics. We will do it together at the right time, opening up additional Phase 3 and confirmatory studies. We do expect to open multiple this year.

Speaker 4

Those include some additional adjuvant indications. They also include some potential metastatic indications and we are looking at monotherapy indications. And that can be either in places where PD-one's KEYTRUDA may not be indicated or even earlier lines of therapy. And so all of those are under consideration. And as soon as we start those studies up and begin enrolling, of course, we'll make announcements about them with our partner Merck.

Speaker 4

Now lastly, on the question of RSV, we continue to be really enthusiastic about the data of our that our product has. And I think the durability now shown through these to the 2nd large season is quite encouraging. We'll be sharing that data with the ACIP. Well, first, we have to get through the regulatory process and approval in this country. And Stephan mentioned our PDUFA date in May.

Speaker 4

And if we have the opportunity, we'll be sharing the data with the ACIP, which includes in our case, booster data on immunogenicity from ongoing work that has actually already previously been presented publicly at meetings. And so just like our competitors, we have shared data of what a second dose looks like in terms of boosting neutralizing antibody titers back up, both at 1 year and we're also going to be looking at 2 years. And those all of the data ourselves as well as that booster similar booster data from the competitor products will likely be brought together to inform the ACIP's recommendation of how they think RSV vaccines should be readnested, when a booster might be necessary. It really falls to the committee to make that determination, not us. Your question was about whether we expect there to be any difference or distinction in terms of how they treat the vaccine.

Speaker 4

At this point, given the immunogenicity data and booster data that has been shared across all three products, which is remarkably consistent, as well as the consistent picture in terms of efficacy, including some waning efficacy for all products in the 2nd year. We would suspect that they will continue to view the products as more similar than not and therefore continue with consistent recommendations, but it's really up to the committee to make that determination. At least from my perspective, I certainly think the science would support that.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Salveen Richter with Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.

Speaker 7

Hey, good morning and thank you for taking our questions. This is Elizabeth on for Salveen. Two questions from us. First, can you just remind us of where you stand with evaluating the RSV vaccine in the pediatric population? And then for the Phase 3 CMV vaccine, can you walk us through what you've seen on durability to date and how you're thinking about the durability of that vaccine, particularly as it relates to the potential commercial opportunity in a younger adult women slash adolescent population?

Speaker 7

Thank you.

Speaker 3

So I'll take the question. So on RSV pediatric, we have not started the study yet. We are of course considering taking this into a Phase III. It is in the clinic with Phase III. We are waiting for the data to be able to move at the right time into the pediatric setting.

Speaker 3

In terms of CMV, we don't have data yet on durability, again, like we've done for other programs. When we share the data, we share the data including durability because it's very important. As you know, the benefits of young women is a very strong immune system. As we've shown in our INT programs, our T cells work very well in terms of the vaccination technology of Moderna. So we really expect to have good durability over time.

Speaker 3

But again, we have to wait for the data to make such a determination. Thank you.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Geoff Meacham with Bank of America. Your line is open.

Speaker 7

Hi. This is Alex Hammond on for Geoff Meacham. Thank you for taking our question. So a great way to equalize vaccine efficacy results is to use the correlative of protection. So for RSV, when do you think we could have a light line of sight into this type of metric?

Speaker 7

And how important could this be for a competitive dynamics? Thank you.

Speaker 3

Good morning. It's Stefanie. Hi, Adam. Sorry, Stefanie. I'll start

Speaker 4

with a small technical snafu. So I'm back. I believe I caught the end of the question, which is, how when do we think we'll have a correlate of protection that can inform dynamics both between products and boosting, if that's correct? We and all the other manufacturers have been sharing publicly their work on a core order protection. We do believe that we've identified a strong candidate in neutralizing antibodies, not surprisingly, from our clinical study.

Speaker 4

We've been sharing that data with regulators, and we've been sharing the preliminary analysis, with, public health officials, including advisory groups and NITAGs like the ACIP. We will be publishing that data and ultimately submitting that to our regulatory submissions as a correlate through the balance of this year. And if we and I think the other competitors are successful in establishing neutralizing antibodies against RSV as a correlate of protection in RSV, then it really will probably be the primary way that public health officials make determinations about revaccination and boosting. And ultimately how we maintain durable protection against RSV, for high risk populations like older adults. From a competitive dynamic perspective, once each product has established their correlate, their correlate will relate to them.

Speaker 4

But we do think there's probably going to be more commonalities than not in the correlates of protection, which makes sense because at the end of the day, we're still talking about the same virus and vaccination against it for all three products.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Terence Flynn with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Speaker 9

Great. Thanks for taking the question. I was just wondering if you could provide an update on your discussions with the FDA for 10.10, your seasonal flu vaccine and what's gating to filing here? Thank you.

Speaker 4

Thanks. So we are speaking to the FDA and regulators around the world about what would be what they would like to see from a submission perspective for our 1st generation or influenza program, our mRNA-ten ten programs you referenced. I don't have any specific updates right now. We're in those conversations as we speak. I really don't want to get ahead of them.

Speaker 4

The kinds of things we're talking about are what's the total submission data package, what's the duration of follow-up in some of these studies and what additional studies or data might be supportive to the application. Those conversations are ongoing. We will provide updates as and when we have them, but I have nothing further to add right now.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Our next question comes from Jessica Fye with JPMorgan. Your line is open.

Speaker 7

Hey guys, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. For INT, can you talk about what's driving your confidence to go into metastatic settings? How is enrollment going in the Phase 3 melanoma trial? And I know you touched on manufacturing being important here.

Speaker 7

What's the status of that manufacturing scale up work? And when is that facility going to be ready to go live?

Speaker 4

Great questions all. So, I'll take the first part of that. So, so first on metastatic. So we have not formally decided or announced that we're going into a metastatic indication. We do have data from our Phase 1 study, our initial Phase 1 study in metastatic patients, including non small cell lung cancer.

Speaker 4

But we have not yet made a determination that we're going into the metastatic indication. And I think behind your question is a view that I would agree with, which is to the extent that INT is going to provide a really substantial benefit, we think it is probably in earlier lines of therapy. So not just adjuvant, but perhaps even stage 1 disease or stage 2 disease depending on the indication because, the safety and tolerability profile is we think incredibly favorable and the benefits we're seeing are pretty remarkable from an immune perspective. That said, there is still a really high unmet need in the metastatic space and even immunotherapies like the PD-1s, like KEYTRUDA provide a substantial benefit there. And so at the right time, we may well choose to study the metastatic indication, but as I said or metastatic indications and settings.

Speaker 4

But as I said, we have not yet formally decided to do that today. And we're really focused on adjuvant and earlier and monotherapy principally. On the manufacturing process and enrollment, we have substantially scaled up our ability to enroll patients in those Phase III studies. I can assure you that with our partner Merck, we wouldn't have opened a second Phase 3 study and be talking about the 3rd, if we didn't have confidence in our ability to rapidly meet the demand for the substantial demand from those clinical research sites for I and T manufacturing. We haven't specifically put out numbers, but suffice to say we are rapidly enrolling in those studies and we would expect to make substantial progress, this year and even perhaps, getting close to completing enrollment in at least one of those studies if it continues to trajectory.

Speaker 4

So we're excited about the progress we've made in scaling up the manufacturing for clinical supply. We're excited about the progress we're making right now in enrolling patients and the demand that we're seeing from clinical sites. And we do believe that we've solved a lot of the for clinical research, for clinical development, the manufacturing requirements. The question then becomes commercial. And as we alluded to, a few minutes ago, the Marlboro site would really become the purpose built commercial site, which needs to not only be able to deliver high quality product at high volumes, but also do it at a valuable price and cost point.

Speaker 4

And all of that work is ongoing. We've made great progress in building that site. Our goal is to establish that site for at least clinical supply this year. But we haven't provided further guidance on when we will have that fully operational for potential commercial use. And ultimately, it depends upon discussions with regulators as well.

Speaker 2

Kevin, we'll take our last question.

Speaker 1

Okay. Our last question comes from Evan Wang with Guggenheim Securities. Your line is open.

Speaker 9

Great. Thanks guys. 2 from me. First on RSV, I know there are some additional studies expand the initial population. Can you comment on when we may see data from the Phase 3s and 50 plus in the higher risk younger adults?

Speaker 9

And when you could potentially supplement a filing if everything's positive? And then I know you commented on Australia. So just as you were thinking about or as you've talked about Australia as a proxy for COVID-nineteen in 2023. Now can you comment on how interoperable Australia will be for your RSV launch and as we look for trends in COVID vaccination rates? Thanks.

Speaker 4

Great. I'll quickly take the first part of that and then hand it over to Stephane for the second. So the additional data on 50 plus, we have obviously immune bridging data and coadministration data. We'll be sharing that at the appropriate time with public health officials and others. It could be as soon as the ACIP, it just depends on when the data comes in, as well as the 18 plus high risk populations.

Speaker 4

In your question about getting those in the label, it's important to note that public health officials can recommend use even beyond the label and make use to do that. But our responsibility is to get it in the label and we will need to complete the initial BLA before then we could submit the SBLA to get that data in the label. And so obviously it would follow shortly after our hopefully successful PDUFA outcome in May.

Speaker 3

Thanks, Stephen. And on Australia, so a few things. First, I mean, Optimum has delivered a strong performance on COVID in Australia. We've been helping the government since the beginning of a pandemic. As you recall, we have announced a long term 10 year partnership with the Australian government and we are currently building a plant in Melbourne that is advancing quite successfully.

Speaker 3

And we are in active discussions with regulators around Australia for RSV approval. The point I will make is that Australia, as you know, is a quite different market commercially to the U. S. It's really mostly driven by the government. So we'll compare Australia more to a European market than to the U.

Speaker 3

S. Market. I don't think we can draw any positive or negative correlation. It's not what happened in Australia, COVID or if it's what will happen in the U. S.

Speaker 3

In the full 2024 week or 2025. Thank you so much for the questions today. Thank you for taking the time to be with us. We look forward to talking and seeing many of you in the coming days weeks. I hope that you will have on March 27, annual vaccine day in your calendar.

Speaker 3

We will start the presentation at 9 am Eastern Time. So have a great day and thank you for joining.

Speaker 1

Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes today's presentation. You may now disconnect and have a wonderful day.

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Earnings Conference Call
Moderna Q4 2023
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