Zhihu Q4 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

Quartr
Provided by Quartr
March 26, 2024

There are 4 speakers on the call.

Operator

and welcome to the Zhihu Inc. 4th Quarter and Full Year 2023 Financial Results Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a Q and A session. Today's conference is being recorded.

Operator

At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Yolanda Liu, Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead, ma'am.

Speaker 1

Thank you, operator. Hello, everyone. Welcome to our Q4 and full year 2023 financial results conference call. Participants on today's call include Mr. Zhou Yuan, our Founder, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Mr.

Speaker 1

Wang Han, our Chief Financial Officer. Before we continue, please note that today's discussion will contain forward looking statements made under the Safe Harbor provisions of the U. S. Private Securities and Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties.

Speaker 1

As such, our results may be materially different from the views expressed today. Further information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties is included in our public filings with the U. S. SEC and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The company does not assume any obligation to update any forward looking statements except as required under applicable.

Speaker 1

During today's call, management will also discuss certain non GAAP financial measures for a comparison purpose only. For a definition of non GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of GAAP to non GAAP financial results, please see the earnings release issued earlier today. In addition, a webcast replay of this conference call will be available on our website at ir.juhu.com. I will now turn the call over to Mr. Wang Han, CFO of Jupu.

Speaker 1

Han, please go ahead.

Speaker 2

Thank you, Yolanda. Hello, everyone. Thank you for joining Juhu's Q4 and full year 2023 earnings call. I'm pleased to deliver today's opening remarks on behalf of Mr. Zhou Yuan, Founder, Chairman and CEO of Zhekhu.

Speaker 2

In 2023, we faced a plan of challenges and opportunities. Despite a dynamic macro environment and competitive industry landscape, we achieved substantial progress in commercialization and efficiency, both in the Q4 and throughout the year. Furthermore, we made considerable strides in improving our bottom line while actively exploring and investing in AI technology. Our primary focus in 2023 was motivating our content creators through a variety of incentive plans. As a result, the cumulative content creators on our platform increased by 13% year over year, reaching 71,300,000 by the end of 2023.

Speaker 2

The cumulative pieces of content grew to 774,700,000 up 19.3% year over year. Additionally, the average MAUs for the full year increased by 4% year over year. Our monetization progress remained robust throughout the year. We achieved a 16.5% year over year increase in our full year revenues to RMB 4199 1,000,000. With enhanced operating efficiency, our overall gross margin for 2023 improved by more than 4 percentage points year over year to 54.7%.

Speaker 2

Furthermore, our operating loss margin for 2023 significantly narrowed by 19 percentage points and adjusted NAND loss decreased by 44.9% on a year over year basis. During the Q4, our dedication to user growth, resource allocation and operating efficiency improvements began to pay off. As high quality content continue to strive across the community, we proactively refined our user growth strategy and significantly reduced acquisition costs for new users. Our focus shifted towards driving efficient and sustainable organic user growth by elevating engagement and retention rates among our highly active core users. We also continue to fortify our monetization models resilient through diverse growth drivers.

Speaker 2

Our total revenue for Q4 of 2023 reached RMB1.1 billion, primarily fueled by the strong growth in our paid membership and vocational training business. Our increasing brand influence and expanded program offerings have strengthened the dimension's competitiveness, extending our revenue growth beyond Zuhu community. Together, these two segments achieved a robust revenue growth of 28.3% year over year for Q4 of 2023. Enhancing cost control effectiveness and operating efficiency remained as our key strategic priorities during the Q4. We continue to invest judiciously in cutting edge technologies such as AI, while optimizing our fixed cost structure.

Speaker 2

These initiatives resulted in an expanded gross margin of 59.1% for the 4th quarter. Also drove a significant 31.9 percent year over year reduction in adjusted net loss, which reached its narrowest quarterly level since our U. S. IPO. As we move through 2024, we'll further optimize our financial performance while elevating trustworthiness within the Jifu community.

Speaker 2

We're confident that in area of AI generated content, users will increasingly value professional, in-depth and authentic content as well as discussion and feedback among real users. By fostering an environment of trust, we can stimulate user interactions and inspire content creators' passion and creativity, ultimately driving organic community growth. Meanwhile, we also believe that a prudent application of AI large language models can improve user experience and strengthen the feedback mechanism for content creators, enhancing our community's atmosphere and operating efficiency. Now, I'd love to delve into the details of our initiatives and achievements in 2023 across content creators as well as our commercialization progress. Let's start with our content and content creators.

Speaker 2

As I just mentioned, we revisited our user growth strategy in 2023 to promote organic community growth through high quality content and a thriving community ecosystem. We shifted our focus to boosting our core user effectiveness and retention rate, but also reducing user acquisition costs. Consequently, our average MAUs in the Q4 were 99,000,000 a slight decrease of 1.6% year over year. However, we reduced user acquisition costs in 4th quarter to more than 40% year over year, accounting for less than 35% of total promotion and advertising expenses. This shift drove sequential increases in our daily active users' time spent.

Speaker 2

Additionally, in Q4, we saw a significant year over year improvement in both the content creation contribution rate and next month's retention rate for our highly active users. Regarding content, we further refined our content operations by deeply integrating training topics and user demands while continually strengthening recommendation technology. These initiatives combined with our diverse incentive plans for content creators propelled rapid growth in our communities' high quality content pool. At the end of 2023, accumulated pieces of content increased $774,700,000 among which the cumulative number of Q and As reached 590,800,000. We also leveraged Zhihu's position as China's leading content centric community to encourage extensive professional discussions on training topics.

Speaker 2

For instance, in 2023, the cumulative discussion volume related to generative AI and large language models and their applications surpassed 1,200,000,000 across the Zhihu community. A distinguished group of founders and key developers from leading LLM companies joined the discussion on Zhihu contributing their valuable insights. Science and engineering related content was another standout, increasing by 85.6% year over year in 2023. Our high end plan continues to serve as a crucial incentive for content creators. Since the release of Hiya 5.0 in May 203, we have consistently promoted professional content creation, driving creativity and productivity through initiatives such as our Blue Label certification.

Speaker 2

In 2023, this program covered 130 virtuals nearly 200,000 user certified. Furthermore, we provided a broad array of avenues for content creators to earn income. During the Q4, the total number of content creators who earned income on our platform increased by 17.4% year over year. As I previously mentioned, one of our top priorities for 2024 is to enhance the trustworthiness within the Jifu community. To that end, we have been prudently empowering our community with AI, leveraging large language models to better connect human knowledge, experience and insights and make them more accessible to a broader audience.

Speaker 2

At our recent Discovery Conference on March 20, we introduced a new search feature called Discovery, leveraging our Zhuhai to a large language model. This significant unwanted in search scenario allows our users to initiate discussions directly with content creators across the entire Zhuhu community with a single question. The content featured in Discovery comes from professional content creators within the community. This feature facilitates more efficient knowledge sharing by enhancing search efficiency and a common consumption experience for Jupo users. We're also providing feedbacks to our content creators.

Speaker 2

With enhancements like Discovery, we aim to strengthen community development and drive the continued emergence of high quality trustworthy content. We firmly believe that a combination of professional, in-depth, authentic content, a culture of sincerity and respect, as well as our transparent and efficient information mechanism will further enhance our community's trustworthiness. This in turn will drive user engagement and retention throughout the Juhu community, building the efficient and sustainable organic growth of our user base in the long run. Moving into our multi engine commercialization. In the Q1, our total revenue increased by 2.2 percent year over year to RMB1.1 billion, empowered by our thriving community, paid membership and vocational training maintained their robotics growth.

Speaker 2

Together, they expanded our monetization capability beyond the Jiggo community, contributing more than 50% to total revenue for both the Q4 and full year 2020. This strong performance underscores the resilience and effectiveness of our business models and diversify revenue growth engine. In terms of revenue growth by sector, vocational training and paid membership revenues led away, increasing by 28.3 percent to RMB625,200,000. Notably, revenue from vocational training doubled compared to the Q4 last year, as revenue contribution remained at over 10% throughout 2023. While marketing services had yet to fully recover on a yearly basis, it picked up sequentially with quarter over quarter growth 21.5% in the 4th quarter.

Speaker 2

Particularly, display based advertising delivered sequential growth of over 33%. In addition, we saw rapid year over year growth in various verticals that requires a longer decision making process, such as iE3C and home appliance. This highlights the wider role of Zhihu's professional in-depth and authentic content in consumer decision making. We continue to streamline and upgrade our CCS business offerings throughout 20 drive further marketing efficiency improvements and a lot greater commercial potential in this business segment. The increasingly diverse premium content has contributed to consistent growth in our payment membership business.

Speaker 2

In Q1, our paid membership revenue increased by 13.3% year over year to RMB455.9 million. In Q4 of 20.23, average monthly subscribers reached 14,200,000 representing a 9.2% year over year increase. Average revenue per user ARPU also improved year over year. There were 2 primary growth drivers. 1st, expansion of both our high quality content categories and our target audience.

Speaker 2

Zuho's vast and diverse library of premium content encompasses not only knowledge based content like columns, research papers and ebooks, but also short stories that are gaining popularity among users. As of the end of 2023, our content library amassed 4,900,000 visits, an increase of 15.7% year over year. Additionally, the number of premium content creators who earned income in Onzuhu in 20 3, Q4 surged by 36.8% year over year. During our NASA content library, many of our short stories originate from professional discussion in Zuhu Q and A community Since the launch of Zhihu Yan story in May 23, it has emerged as a frontrunner in a multibillion dollar short story market in terms of both content production and consumption. Today, the cumulative number of content creators on Yandian story exit 600,000 with a cumulative of over 100,000 short stories published.

Speaker 2

Topical coverage has expanded beyond the platform's original romance, of professional and suspense genres to encompass over 180 subcategories. While the common categories popular among female users continue to grow, we're also expanding into categories favored by male users such as science fiction and mystery. Meanwhile, the Chihu community's financial rewards effectively motivated our premium content creators. Over 100 content creators on Chuhu has earned more than RMB1 1,000,000. Also in 2023, the average monthly income of signed content creators on Yanyan was close to RMB10,000, nearly doubling the average income on other platforms.

Speaker 2

2nd, media format diversification and IP monetization have continued to bolster our users' long term value. In the Q1, we introduced a variety of formats to boost content consumption, including audiobooks and video dramas. These initiatives are carefully designed to provide our subscribers with an immersive and fulfilling storytelling experience. By leveraging our expanding media formats and deepening our penetration across the value chain, we're expanding from short story market to a broader IP monetization market. The success of our short form blockbuster clearly reflects strong IP development potential within the Yinyan story platform.

Speaker 2

Moving forward, we will harness the power of AI large language model technology to explore and develop integrated content formats, further unleashing the value of Zuhu's premium content. This approach will help enhance our subscribers' LTV in the long term. Our vocational training business continued to grow robustly with 4th quarter revenue surged by 100.1% year over year. Looking ahead, we officially announced our development strategy focusing on digital empowerment for our Q3 Tang brand at our annual Q3 Education Conference in January 2024. Chihue Town is a vocational training platform dedicated to providing comprehensive and practical learning services for new generation professionals throughout their lifelong personal development journey.

Speaker 2

Currently, its expanded course offerings over 3 main categories, academic improvements such as postgraduate exams and English proficiency tests career enhancements such as CFA, accounting and ESG exams and other vocational skills in interest such as writing, IT skills and AGI courses. The vocational training sector offers immense opportunities for the one thing digitalization. AI and large language models are poised to revolutionize the industry, leading to efficiency improvements and significant shift in user experience. By leveraging AI LLM and AI agent applications in vocational training scenarios, we can advance the digitalization of process such as job selection, exam practice and homework correction. Our vocational training business success underscores Chuho's unique position.

Speaker 2

We started as a community, but we are expanding beyond it. Moreover, this rapid revenue growth will bring us greater scale advantages in terms of cost of dilution and efficiency improvement. We will continue to control and optimize this business cost and expenses to continually boost its overall operating efficiency. In Q4, marketing and services revenue decreased by 18.7% year over year, but increased by 21.5% quarter over quarter. The year over year decline can be attributed to the challenging economic environment and heightened market competition, as well as our proactive efforts to prioritize user experience by reducing the distribution of commercial content that may negatively impact our users.

Speaker 2

However, the cornerstone verticals of our community continue to demonstrate robust growth. This reaffirms our core users' recognition of our professional content's value, particularly in the current environment, if the value calls, effective and rational consumption. Specifically, the ID3C vertical grew by nearly 40% year over year in the Q4 of 20 93. This trend is also evident in other consumer verticals involving significant decision making processes such as home renovation, pass and order activities, which appeals to our core users. Zuhu's unique content advantages and ongoing product efficiency upgrades empower brands and merchants to gain deep insights into users' evolving mindset, allowing them to influence decision making and purchase behavior.

Speaker 2

Furthermore, we have established a feedback mechanism for data collaborations with e commerce platforms like Topgolf and JD dotcom, Leveraging virtualized data, we help brands and merchants achieve their business objectives more effectively by boosting ad cart rates, store visits and category penetration rates as well as lowering customer acquisition costs. Our market services made substantial progress during the double eleven period with average conversion rate from Zuhu to brand online stores reached 6% across our verticals. Moreover, both transaction rates and new customer acquisition rates outperformed the industry. As we progress through 2024 and elevate the community's trustworthiness, we will also continue to build out our scientific trust based marketing system across 2 primary aspects. First, we will continue to upgrade our underlying capabilities to further improve the efficiency of commercial content recommendation.

Speaker 2

Since the beginning of this year, we have sought to cover major advertising categories with a library of rated and label SVUs so that we can establish the user evolution system empowered by AI. So this will allow more suitable products to be recommended by a broader base of content creators. 2nd, we will strive to maintain a high level of user experience, especially for our highly active users. The user submitted a feedback indicating no interest for a pace of content, the user will no longer make commercial content for that product. Moving on to our key strategy for 2024, enhancing operating efficiency and accelerating profitability remain our core strategic objectives for sustainable growth.

Speaker 2

Alongside ongoing efforts to improve our commercialization efficiency, we're committed to optimizing our cost and extensive structure. Efficiency will be a pivotal performance indicator at each BU level. This approach will expedite our journey towards profitability. Meanwhile, we'll prioritize initiatives that contribute significantly to the community's long term growth and sustainability. Additionally, we will deepen our commitment to protecting our core users' engagement and creative contribution, reflecting the growing value we place our trustworthy community culture and professional in-depth and authentic content.

Speaker 2

Finally, in terms of AI investment, we'll shift our focus to developing application scenarios. We'll presently integrate AI into our diverse professional and trustworthy community to provide Juhu users with efficient access to our massive library of trustworthy answers and unlock greater expansion opportunities beyond it. This concludes Mr. Julian's remarks. Now I will review the details of our Q4 financials.

Speaker 2

For a complete overview of our Q4 and full year 2023 results, please see our press release issued earlier today. While we continue to face various challenges, we remain resilient and devoted to our multi engine monetization strategy. Our total revenue increased by 2.2% and 16.5% year over year for Q4 and full year respectively. We're also pleased to deliver measurable progress in refining our cost controls and operating leverage, shaping a record high gross margins since our U. S.

Speaker 2

IPO and a significantly narrowed net loss for the Q4. Our paid membership revenue for the quarter increased 13.3% year over year to RMB 55 5,900,000. These costs were primarily driven by continued expansion of our subscribers, which increased by 9.2% year over year to 14,200,000 as a result of content enhancement and user experience improvement. Our occasional training business revenue for 4th quarter surged by 100.1 percent year over year to RMB169.3 million. This impressive growth can be attributed to our ongoing efforts to expand our course offerings.

Speaker 2

All our courses are specifically designed to meet our users' evolving demand, covering areas such as academic improvements, career advancement and other vocational skills and interests. We continue to garner market recognition for our programs and drive its sustainable development. The overall macro environment and uncertainties in the advertising market pressured our marketing service throughout 2023. In Q4, marketing services revenue declined by 18.7% year over year. However, they recovered by 21.5 percent quarter over quarter driven by our product enhancement and sustained increasing performance in verticals such as ID and 3C and Home and Play.

Speaker 2

Gross profit for the Q1 increased by 7.1% year over year to RMB673.1 million with gross margin expanding to 59.1 percent, its highest level since our U. S. Revenue. Gross margin improvement reflects our enhanced monetization efforts as well as improved efficiency in cloud services and bandwidth utilization. Total operating expenses were RMB 851.3 million for the 4th quarter compared with RMB 144.8 million for the same period of 20.2.

Speaker 2

Selling and marketing expenses for the 4th quarter increased to RMB 527.6 million from RMB509,200,000 for the same period of 2022. As we continue to invest in product and service offering promotions with a prudent ROI based approach. Research and development expenses slightly increased to RMB232.6 6 million for the Q4 from RMB212.5 million for the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to our increased spending on technology innovation. General and administrative expenses for the quarter decreased by 26 percent to RMB91.1 million from RMB123.1 million in the same period of 2022, primarily attributable to a decline in personnel related expenses as we continue to improve operating efficiency.

Speaker 2

Driven by our ongoing efforts to control costs and enhancing operating efficiency, our GAAP net loss per quarter narrowed significantly year over year by 42.6 percent to RMB103.1 million. Our non GAAP adjusted net loss, which primarily excludes share based compensation expenses and amortization of intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions narrowed by 31.9 percent year over year to RMB91.3 million for the 4th quarter. Moving forward, as we continue to optimize our cost structure, control our operating expenses and record growth driven by our money engine monetization model, we expect to further enhance our operating leverage. As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents, term deposit and short term investment of RMB5.5 billion compared with RMB6.3 billion as of December 31, 2022. Also as of December 31, 2023, we had repurchased 26,300,000 plus ordinary shares including ADS for a total of US58.5 million dollars on both the New York Stock Exchange and the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong.

Speaker 2

This concludes my prepared remarks on our financial performance for this quarter. Let's turn the call over to the operator for Q and A session.

Operator

Thank you. This is the conference operator. We will now begin the question and answer session. The first question is from Vicky Wei with Citi. Please go ahead.

Speaker 3

Thanks management for taking my questions. Will management share some color about the key strategic focus of Zhihu for 2024? Thank you. Thank you, Vicky, for the question. This is Jo Yuan, CEO of Juhu.

Speaker 3

Moving forward to 2024, our key strategic focus will be on achieving profitability as soon as possible. To achieve this, we will optimize cost and expense structures to prioritize efficiency as the pivotal goal across our daily operations and for each business And secondly, our key focus will be to protect the professional and in-depth consumption experience for Jifu's core users. We will focus on to enhance the retention and reputation for our high quality and trustworthy content and to enhance a sincere and friendly atmosphere for communication between individuals. Last but not least, we will continue to focus to shift our focus on AI application to different real application scenarios. We will continue to enhance the search function, the convenience and the efficiency of our search function and also our to establish a feedback system that connects the designing and establishing of those functions with the feedback system.

Speaker 3

To summarize, in the next year, we will focus on our key objective that we started from a community, but we are expanding beyond it. And moving forward around our multi engine growth, we will try to narrow the losses for some of our business that is still emerging and to achieve the overall profitability in the future. Thank you for your questions.

Operator

The next question is from Seixin Zhang from CICC. Please go ahead.

Speaker 1

Thanks for taking my question. The company just mentioned that the prior goal in 2024 is to achieve profitability. So what's our timetable for breakeven? And could management elaborate a bit more on the path to achieve it? Thank you.

Speaker 3

Thank you, Xueqing, for the question. This is Wang Han, CFO of Jiho. To first start, we aim to achieve breakeven quarterly breakeven on the non GAAP net profit level in the Q4 this year. As we all know that Zhihu has grown into a widely known name over the past 14 years, I believe many of you on this call, like myself, have been spontaneously opening the Zhuhu app on our phone rather than being directed through any promotional link. Before I joined this company, I believe that Zhihu possesses a large base of genuine and loyal users.

Speaker 3

After I joined the company, I have reconfirmed this fact with numbers. The majority of active users in 2023 are those who have been with Zhihu since 2022, which is even larger than I previously expected. Additionally, as a user generated content community, Jihu has much lighter operating costs compared to other business model of other companies. Our gross margin has maintained at over 50% for 5 consecutive quarters, reaching 59.1% in the Q4 last year. It is obvious that Juhu's core users will contribute notably high profit.

Speaker 3

In other words, as far as we proactively and prudently reduce brand promotion expenses with lower ROI, prioritize user quality over quantity, we believe that Quhu can continue to narrow losses and progress towards profitability. Meanwhile, in terms of our commercialization model, Juhu has developed its own approach, which breaks through the limits of users' scale by leveraging the community's advantages. Our Yianyas Story and Zhe Zhu Tong brand has shown us great potentials on this regard. We also expect similar potentials with our AI empowered search discovery function, the real time conversion based interaction built on top of our high quality long form text and graphic Q and A can unlock greater user and commercial potential. So to summarize, Jihu will gradually explore a path to scalable profitability that differs from other social media platforms.

Speaker 3

Thank you.

Operator

The next question is from Daisy Chen with Haitong International. Please go ahead.

Speaker 1

I'll translate myself. Thanks management for taking my question. First of all, congratulations on the profitable achievement of Zhuhu's efficiency improvement strategy. I saw that the Q4 loss ratio also narrowed to single digit level since 2021. But my question is about the membership business.

Speaker 1

I noted that the growth rate of the monthly paid users seems to decelerate in recent two quarters, but the number of the NPUs and the pay ratio still remains above 14,000,000 and 40% this quarter. Can I ask about how the management considers about the savings of the unpaid users and how that you how does management affect the growth rate of the membership you live in the next 1 or 2 quarters or 2 years and what that corresponding drivers? Thank you.

Speaker 3

Thank you, Desi, for the question. This is Wang Han, CFO of Zuhu. I understand your question may involve 3 underlying sub questions. Firstly, whether the percentage of paying members to Juhu's MAU is already become really relatively high? And secondly, is the potential growth ceiling of the short story sector.

Speaker 3

And thirdly, would be the competitive landscape within the online literature sector. So firstly, the traditional logic of paying members is based on the concept of converting a subset of users from the entire user base. The setting would be the total number of users. However, Zhihu has pioneered a new growth trajectory for paying member growth. Zhihu's premium content can attract users beyond the community to subscribe within the Zuhu community.

Speaker 3

This not only eliminates the growth selling imposed by user base within the app, that also brings in additional users to the community. In addition, these users' consumption of non story content actually surpass that of the story content, driving the overall content consumption growth. Secondly, regarding the competitive landscape, Zhihu is the largest platform to both produce and consume short stories across the entire Internet. It is the preferred platform for many short story content creators to submit their work. Zhihu's leading market position can be attributed to 2 factors, the support from the community and our distinctive value proposition.

Speaker 3

Content creators of Jihu can find inspiration, engage in topic discussion and develop plus in the course of Q and A discussion to naturally create innovative high quality and high volume contents. This value of acquisition of ecosystem is irreplaceable. Additionally, most of the online literature apps available in the market operates through an advertising model focusing on maximizing users' time spent, often resulting in lengthy, slow paced and low information density. But in contrast, Juhu operates through a subscription model, which prioritize the delivery of high quality content that users are willing to pay for. This unique value proposition has established Juhu's distinct content characteristics and value position in the market.

Speaker 3

In terms of growth ceiling, the short story segment represents emerging sector where Juhu has taken part in establishing it as a pioneer. We have been actively expanding and striving to expand its ceiling. Currently, our premium content primarily consists of text and graphics based formats. However, there is a larger audience base and greater commercial potential in audio and video contents such as radio play, audiobooks and short drama. Short stories actually share some similarities with short drama, the longer narratives.

Speaker 3

Juhu's stories are known for its brevity, engaging plus rapid creation and real world relevance. These are essential elements to produce blockbuster short dramas. We already protest them. We recently announced a partnership with Kuaishou in the area of short drama, A great array of high quality short story IPs will be increasingly valuable for Zhihu. Some of the short drama adapted from Zuhu IPs have already achieved remarkable market performance and we anticipate more success in the future.

Speaker 3

Additionally, revenue from our IP copyrights currently only represents a small percentage of our total revenue. As the market increasingly recognizes the value of our Yan Yance IP, revenue share from film and television copyrights will gradually increase. Thank you.

Speaker 1

Operator, we can continue with the next question, please.

Operator

Thank you. The next question is from Eileen Lin with China Renaissance. Please go ahead.

Speaker 1

Thanks for taking my question. I have a question related to education. Can management share more color on Zhihu's education development, such as student needs, strategic focus and how AI can be integrated into the education business? Thank you.

Speaker 3

Thank you for your questions. This is Zhou Yuan, CEO of Zhihu. As we all know that our vocational training business has been growing rapidly in the recent quarters and it has achieved synergies between our self operated vocational training business and our acquired vocational training business. So firstly, our self operated business is closer tied to our community, yielding higher profits and will swiftly responding to evolving user demands, while our acquired business segments offers greater demand certainty at larger addressable market. Our community has continually empowered our vocational training business.

Speaker 3

Firstly, we will be able to discover the specific demands, the evolving demands of our users and achieve greater certainty in terms of our core offerings compared to other industry players. For example, some of our cornerstone course offerings, for example, the writing courses, the multimedia training courses, the artificial general intelligence courses, they actually stemmed from the Q and A discussions within the community and cater to the evolving demands of our users. In the future, we will continue to leverage our advantages to expand our course offerings, especially to expand beyond the evolving needs and also the greater the needs with the demands with greater certainty for our course. So beyond our community empowerment, the users and content creators within the community can not only inspire and support the research and development of our new course offerings, but also empower multiple existing premium courses. Our labor productivity stays at the top rank in the industry.

Speaker 3

And as our course offerings become mature, the scale of the economies will continue to strengthen. And moving forward, we can further cultivate our content creators in our community to become our teachers, helping all content creators to achieve their financial goals. So our users of our content course offerings are comes to Juhu with aim to improve themselves and they also serve as the users for our vocational training business. Our vocational training is actually expanding beyond our community now. The users will not only generate word-of-mouth effects, but also generate high quality commercial content based on their learning experience, attracting new students.

Speaker 3

This greatly improved our acquired business also improved the conversion rate and our to continue to maintain a dynamically optimal customer acquisition ROI in their respective segments. So beyond that, our Qutoutiao brand actually forms a closed loop ecosystem that can empower our self operated business in return. We believe that the expenses and costs with our expenditure will be further diluted with the growth of our revenue from the vocational training business and our commercialization efficiency will be further elevated. We believe that also AI technology will highly enhance our efficiency and revolutionize our user experiences. We will start from the core needs of our users and promote the application of AI large language model to empower the full process of our education in different scenarios.

Speaker 3

We believe that in the next 1 or 2 years, we aim to expand the application of AI large language model across the full process of our Vocational Training business. Thank you very

Operator

much. The next question is from Lu Qing Zuo with Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.

Speaker 1

Thanks management for taking my question and I'm asking about advertising business on behalf of Kong, Tianan Xu, Xiaoyi Zhang Advertising Business, including strategic priority and outlook for online marketing services for 2024? Thank you.

Speaker 3

Thank you for your question. This is Wang Han, CFO of Zhihu. In the Q4 of 2023, in addition to the external and macro factors, the main reason for the delayed year over year recovery is that we have proactively enhanced the commercial content governance. In order to foster the trustworthiness within the Jifu community, we chose to phase out some near term low quality business income. However, at the same time, we have made remarkable strides across our businesses.

Speaker 3

To start with, the retention rate, average revenue per user and content consumption volume of high quality users across our core verticals have all been steadily increasing.

Speaker 2

Secondly,

Speaker 3

the consumption power and high quality of Jihu users have been further recognized in the industry. According to 3rd party service, 72% Zhihu users are willing to pay a higher price for quality products. In addition, as much as 86% of Zuhu users have made repeat repurchases on jd.com during the past year with a target group index, namely TGI, reaching an impressive 502, significantly outperforming the industry leverage. In addition, we are optimizing our closed loop data ecosystem. We have strengthened our data partnership with e commerce platforms such as Taobao and JD dotcom through initiatives such as QingJi Plan and QingJi Plan.

Speaker 3

By providing visualized data, we assist brands and merchants to better validate the value and ROI of their promotional efforts to drive further increase in marketing services order placement. In 2024, we expect to remain in a period of product upgrading and adjustments for our marketing services business. We will continue to explore business models that can foster stronger trustworthiness, while optimizing our data infrastructure. Thank you very much.

Operator

The next question is from Chi Chieng with CLSA. Please go ahead.

Speaker 1

Thanks management for taking my question. Can management share some color on user growth target for 2024? And how can we model the long term self and marketing profit ratio? Thanks.

Speaker 3

Thank you for your question. This is Wang Han, CFO of Juhu. This year, we took hands proactive approach to adjust our user growth strategy. Instead of simply pursuing a larger scale MAU, we will be focused on improving our core users retention rate and further enhancing the trustworthiness within our community. Ultimately, we will establish a commercialization model that is unique to It is worth mentioning that although our sales and marketing expenses as a portion of revenue may seem significant, the direct user acquisition costs for our app were only half of the total promotional costs.

Speaker 3

Less than half of the total promotional expenses. The absolute amount of customer acquisition costs in the Q4 of 2023 increased by only 40% year over year, while our MAU only experienced a slight decline. That demonstrates the loyalty of Chiho's core users. Zhuhu has a group of users with the highest quality and greatest value. We believe that serving them well will yield substantial commercial rewards.

Speaker 3

We do not need to follow the other mass market social entertainment platform to pursue user growth at any cost. We should follow our own path. As we approach an era of AI generated content, authentic and trustworthy human generated content will become increasingly scarce across the Internet. Zhihu represents the place to generate and share genuine high quality content possessing a unique value proposition in the market. AI technology will enable us to place a trail that is different from traditional time spent framework and explore new business models with greater potential.

Speaker 3

The way that Zhe Hu forms is actually the place that is demanded by the market in the age of AI technology. Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. That concludes today's Q and A session. At this time, I will turn the conference back to Yolanda for any additional or closing remarks.

Speaker 1

Thank you, operator. Thank all of you once again for joining us today. If you have any further questions, please contact our IR team directly or PSN Financial Communications. Thank you.

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Earnings Conference Call
Zhihu Q4 2023
00:00 / 00:00