Roku Q4 2024 Earnings Report C$2.88 +0.10 (+3.60%) As of 04/14/2025 04:00 PM Eastern Earnings HistoryForecast Taseko Mines EPS ResultsActual EPS-C$0.24Consensus EPS -C$0.44Beat/MissBeat by +C$0.20One Year Ago EPSN/ATaseko Mines Revenue ResultsActual Revenue$1.20 billionExpected Revenue$1.15 billionBeat/MissBeat by +$51.52 millionYoY Revenue GrowthN/ATaseko Mines Announcement DetailsQuarterQ4 2024Date2/13/2025TimeAfter Market ClosesConference Call DateThursday, February 13, 2025Conference Call Time5:00PM ETConference Call ResourcesConference Call AudioConference Call TranscriptPress Release (8-K)Annual Report (10-K)Earnings HistoryTKO ProfilePowered by Taseko Mines Q4 2024 Earnings Call TranscriptProvided by QuartrFebruary 13, 2025 ShareLink copied to clipboard.There are 16 speakers on the call. Operator00:00:00Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Roku Fourth Quarter twenty twenty four Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question and answer Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Konrad Grodd, Vice President of Investor Relations. Operator00:00:32Please go ahead. Speaker 100:00:35Welcome to Roku's fourth quarter and year ended twenty twenty four earnings call. On today's call are Anthony Wood, Roku's Founder and CEO Dan Jetta, our CFO Charlie Collier, President, Roku Media and Mustafa Osgen, President, Devices. Our full results and additional management commentary are available in our shareholder letter on our IR website at roku.com/investor. On this call, we'll make forward looking statements, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Please refer to our shareholder letter and periodic SEC filings for risk factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these forward looking statements. Speaker 100:01:20We will also present GAAP and non GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations of non GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures are provided in our shareholder letter. Unless otherwise stated, all comparisons will be against our results for the comparable 2023 period. Beginning this quarter, we'll forego prepared remarks and go straight into Q and A. Operator, our first question please. Operator00:01:47Thank you. Speaker 200:01:56Our first question comes from Operator00:01:58the line of Shyam Patil with Susquehanna International Group. Your line is now open. Speaker 300:02:04Hey guys, congrats on the strong results. I had a couple Speaker 400:02:07of questions. I guess the first one, very strong fourth quarter. What drove the outperformance? And do you guys expect that to continue in 2025? And then second question, on free cash flow conversion is how should we expect that to trend in 2025 and beyond? Speaker 400:02:28Thank you guys. Speaker 300:02:32Hi, Sean. This is Anthony. Thanks for the question. We were very pleased with the Q4 results. It was an outstanding quarter. Speaker 300:02:39I feel like we're continuing to execute well. And I thought one of the interesting things about the quarter was just how it provided a lot of proof points that our strategy to grow our platform revenue is working and working well. And just to remind everyone like the three key points of our strategy to grow platform revenue, the first is to lean into making better use of our home screen. Our home screen is a key our home screen on all our Roku devices is a key asset for us. Half of broadband households in The U. Speaker 300:03:09S. Start their TV viewing experience with our home screen, so leaning into making better use of that assets is a big part of our strategy to grow platform revenue. The second part of it is to continue to drive more ad demand by expanding our third party partnerships. That's also going well. And then the third point is just to continue focusing on growing our subscription revenue with more focus on subscriptions generally, more resources focused on subscriptions and more home screen integrations. Speaker 300:03:38So I feel like our strategy is working well and we're seeing that start to play out in the quarter. Looking at advertising generally, I mean advertising is also doing well. It did great in the quarter. It was an outstanding advertising quarter as well. Even ex political, it was a strong advertising quarter. Speaker 300:03:56Advertising picked up on many fronts. And one of our strategies around advertising is to continue to create more unique high demand, broad reach ad units that are unique to our platform. And just for example, one of those ad units is the Video Marquee ad on our home screen and that's also very popular. We're also in our ad business very good at reaching the right person with the right message at the right time. So it was an outstanding quarter. Speaker 300:04:27We're executing well. Our strategy is working and the strategy is going to continue to work. There's still a lot of growth left in this business. It's still fairly early days in the streaming transition. I expect to see continued growth in 2025, but let me turn it over to Dan who can talk more about that part of your question. Speaker 500:04:46Thanks, Anthony. Hi, Shyam. It's Dan. So let me give a little bit of color on Q4 and into 2025. And the Q4, very strong. Speaker 500:04:55We grew 25% on the platform side. If you back out political, which added six points of growth, we grew 19%. And if you look at our Q1 and what we're expecting, we are going to grow 16% on a year over year basis for platform in Q1. And for the full year, we're going to grow 12%. And if you back out political in 2025, we're going to grow 15%, which is actually faster than the growth in 2024. Speaker 500:05:26So to answer your question, we do expect some very strong results to continue into 2025. If I just take it down to platform gross margin at the midpoint of our guide for 2025 at 52.5%, that compares to 53.5% in 2024, so 100 basis point decline, but that's fully explained by six zero six adjustments in 2024, which we do not expect any six zero six adjustments in 2025. So backing out six zero six, our platform margins are flat. So we expect to grow platform gross profit as much as platform revenue ex six zero six. And then dropping to adjusted EBITDA, the $350,000,000 guide would imply a 130 basis point improvement in EBITDA margins on a year over year basis for 2025. Speaker 500:06:22So again, gaining very good leverage as we grow our platform revenue, as we manage our OpEx and still continue to invest in our platform business. So all in all, very good. On to your last question on how to think about free cash flow conversion trend in 2025, thank you for that question. Free cash flow and free cash flow per share is our North Star metric. We feel very good about free cash flow. Speaker 500:06:46We ended 2024 at just over $200,000,000 of free cash flow. I'm actually expecting free cash flow to be higher than our adjusted EBITDA guide for 2025. We've got a lot of good things working on the working capital front. We will continue to be CapEx light in 2025. And so free cash flow should continue to grow and should grow faster than adjusted EBITDA for 2025. Speaker 400:07:12Thank you, Anthony. Thank you, Dan. Operator00:07:15Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Morris with Guggenheim Securities. Your line is now open. Speaker 600:07:23Thank you. Good afternoon, guys. Two questions for me. One, just to follow-up on that last question. Could you expand on some of the drivers of the 16% platform revenue growth that you're looking for in the first quarter? Speaker 600:07:36It'd be great to hear about how you're thinking about maybe advertising versus SSD and it'd be great to hear also about how these third party DSP partnerships are contributing and how you think about that throughout the year? And then secondly, could you share any updated thoughts on how this Walmart acquisition of VIZIO will impact your business? I think they are a pretty large retail partner of yours currently. So do you expect that your products are going to be deemphasized or that there will be an impact on your business as a result of that combination? Thank you. Speaker 300:08:12Hey, Mike. This is Anthony. I'll let Dan take your first question and then when he finished that I'll take your second question about Walmart. Speaker 500:08:22Hi, Mike. It's Dan. Yes, I'll take that first question. With respect to the drivers of the 16% platform revenue growth in Q1, so that is both streaming service distribution and our advertising activities, both have a very both are growing very strong in our Q1. We start to comp price increases in the back half of twenty twenty five. Speaker 500:08:47So we'll give more guidance on SSD going forward, but in Q1 both are driving excellent growth. We feel very good about the advertising business activities both for Q1 and for full year. I would expect our advertising activities to actually grow faster than streaming services distribution, which we love to see. So and all in all, again, very strong going into Q1, very strong for the full year for both SSD, that's primarily from subscriptions and then of course our advertising activities, which we've talked a lot about in the shareholder letter and what's driving them including the answer to the second part of this question on the DSP partnerships, which I'll turn it back to Anthony. Speaker 300:09:29And then regarding your question about Walmart and the VIZIO acquisition, let me just make a few introductory remarks and then I'll actually turn it over to Mostafa who runs our device business to talk more about it. First of all, we're doing a great job on growing our streaming households. I mean, we passed over 90,000,000 streaming households globally. In the quarter, we added over 4,000,000 new streaming households in the last quarter alone. Our first party TVs are also doing well. Speaker 300:10:00We've sold over one million first party TVs in 2024. And we announced, I think, last quarter that we expected to, in the not too distant future, pass 100,000,000 streaming households. We're on track for that to happen. So our streaming households are growing nicely, both inside The U. S. Speaker 300:10:20And outside The U. S. Both parts are growing. We're aware that Walmart bought VIZIO and that's all taken into account in our forecast and our view of the future and I fully expect that our streaming households are going to continue to grow both inside The United States and outside The United States. Walmart is an important partner for us. Speaker 300:10:41We do a lot of business together. I also expect that to continue. But let me turn it over to Mustafa, who can provide more detail. Speaker 700:10:51Hi, Mike. This is Mustafa speaking. Look, Roku OS has been the number one selling TV OS in The U. S. For six years in a row. Speaker 700:11:03For full year 2024, unit sales of Roku TVs were greater than the next two operating systems combined. And as Anthony mentioned earlier, we've surpassed half of broadband households in The U. S. In terms of household penetration. And we're very large platform in terms of distribution and also in terms install base. Speaker 700:11:24And therefore, our streaming players and all of our Roku TVs have already a wide retail distribution. They are available in popular retailers such as Amazon, Best Buy, Sam Club and Target and also in other specialty and regional stores. So it's a quite wide distribution. And we continue to gain shelf space in the retailers as we introduce new products and upgrade our products. And also because our brand is very popular, customers love our brand, they trust our brand, they ask for Roku by name at store. Speaker 700:11:58So retailers would love to carry our products. So overall, these are all the sort of the reasons why the retailers will continue to carry Roku products and as long as there's demand there will be basically a good shelf space allocated for our products. And I should also highlight that we distribute our operating systems to our customers in three different ways. One is with our streaming players, which is quite large business, the other with our third party TVs and recently with our first party TVs, we have a large sort of different channels to distribute our operating systems. So we'll continue to do that. Speaker 700:12:41So we feel very confident that we are well positioned to continue to grow in The U. S. Also in other countries and remain on track to achieve 100,000,000 streaming households target in the coming years. Speaker 800:12:58Thank you. Operator00:12:58Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Laura Martin with Needham. Your line is now open. Speaker 900:13:05Hi there. Congratulations on fantastic results. Hey, Anthony. Speaker 300:13:12Thank you. Speaker 900:13:13So about a year ago, I think it was, hi, you fired everybody in subscription and had them all report to you. And then in the most recent quarter, you over delivered Platform by about $100,000,000 versus us in consensus. Could you break out for us, what did you get done in the subscription business in the year you just finished managing that business? And when you think about the roadmap, how much better or how much bigger of a contributor can subscription be going forward? And are they as big as what Charlie is doing over in retail media networks and self-service for the admin? Speaker 900:13:47Thank you. Speaker 300:13:51Hey, Laura, nice to hear from you. The connection wasn't great. So I think I got your question, but if I don't answer it, let me know. I think you asked about our subscription business and can we break out what we've been doing there in the last year, a little bit about the roadmap and then I wasn't quite sure what this is as big as the retail or media business. So, if we go back to our strategy for growing platform revenue, it's leveraging our home screen more, growing ad demand. Speaker 300:14:24There's a bunch of ways we're doing that, but one of the biggest is working with third party platforms and deeper integration there. The third is growing our subscription business. We have a very large subscription business that's tens of millions of subscribers that we bill on our platform, and it's both through what we call premium subscriptions and also through direct to consumer subscriptions, all enabled by our billing platform Roku Pay. And that business is a very good business for us. It continues to grow. Speaker 300:14:56And there's a lot of items on the roadmap that we don't talk about that will continue to drive that business. We continue to add more partners. For example, we recently added Max to the premium subscription lineup. And we've also made changes internally around the way we handle operations and are organized to just give it more focus. We're very disciplined about our OpEx, but we're allocating more of our OpEx to subscriptions than we used to speed up some of the changes in the roadmap that will continue to grow that business. Speaker 300:15:31So I just got a lot of room to grow and I'm very bullish on it. And then the Speaker 1000:15:39last part of the question. Speaker 300:15:41So I think that answers your question. If not, let me know. Speaker 900:15:45Yes. That was great. And my second one was just on local. I thought it was interesting that political was 6% of your fourth quarter revenue and Trade Desk said it was 5% of theirs. Would you say that's a secular shift out of the local TV business and you would expect that to grow in every two year cycle now? Speaker 900:16:02Are people converted to using CTV in place of local broadcast or political ads? Speaker 300:16:08Well, I'll turn it over to Charlie, but I'll definitely one of the drivers for us was just we spent more we put more effort into it. I mean, it's an area that we've identified strategically as a big vertical for us that we want to get better and better at. And we did better than we did the last cycle. I'm sure we'll get better at it the next cycle. So that's one of the drivers, but there are definitely secular shifts. Speaker 300:16:29I'll let Charlie talk about it. Speaker 700:16:30Yes. Hey, Laura, how are you? Speaker 1000:16:36I would say this, you learn so much from political advertising because it really is a good microcosm of what we do very, very well. We talk about driving results for marketers and obviously an election cycle is time bound. They're very specific with respect to their targets and Roku does a really good job at delivering performance. So we've seen not just the growth, but I like what it portends in terms of our thesis that we can be a performant platform at the highest level. So yes, I think there'll be a continued shift to CTV and Roku specifically because of how well we deliver for advertisers and prove ROI. Speaker 900:17:18Thank you. Great numbers. Speaker 300:17:21Thank you. Speaker 900:17:21Thank you. Operator00:17:22Our next question comes from the line of Jason Helfstein with Oppenheimer. Your line is now open. Speaker 200:17:29Thanks for taking the question. Hello, everybody. Clearly, The Roku Channel is delivering tremendous usage growth and giving you a lot of available ad units to sell. When you think about your success with political in the fourth quarter, did this crowd out other ad demand or do you think that this was all incremental when you think about inventory selling? Thank you. Speaker 300:17:54Hey, Jason, this is Anthony. I'll let Charlie take that question. Sure. Speaker 1000:18:00Hey, Jason. Look, I think probably in the market there were people who waited to get out of the political cycle to play some advertising. So I think advertisers were making that choice. For us, we have like you said, the Roku channel grew 82% year over year. We have a lot of inventory and that allows us to come to the market from a position of strength and really serve every part of demand on the demand curve and to service all types of pricing. Speaker 1000:18:34So for us, I think the question incrementality is tough to say, but as I said before, one thing I'm sure of is our ability to target improved performance was really evident during the political cycle and I think it served us well throughout the quarter and will continue to do so into 2025. Speaker 300:18:59Thank you. Operator00:19:02Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Condon with Citizens JMP. Your line is now open. Speaker 800:19:09Thank you so much for taking my questions. My first one is just on the home screen monetization. Understood that you guys have talked about video ads being placed there and that was in beta. There's no mention of it in the shareholder letter. So I just wanted to touch base on that and see how that's progressing and maybe what are the levers you guys have there to increase monetization? Speaker 800:19:28And then my second question is just on device revenue and gross profit margins understood. I think it was an increased discounting period during the holiday, but it does seem like that carried over into 1Q. So I'm just trying to make sure that there was any sort of increased competitive intensity in the quarter and into 1Q. Thank you. Speaker 300:19:51Hey, Matt. This is Anthony. I'll let Charlie talk about video ads and just how that plays into overall ad strategy. And then I'll take your follow on question about device margins. I will say, just before I turn it over to Charlie, our strategy of making better use of our home screen is not just about putting a marquee video ad on the home screen, for example. Speaker 300:20:15Like we are very careful about putting ads on our home screen. I mean, we're very focused on both driving more monetization, but also driving increased customer satisfaction. We have a very iconic home screen. Consumers love it. We have no intention of breaking it. Speaker 300:20:34So putting video ads strategically in different locations on our home screen is part of it, but also for example, we added one row of content recommendations on our home screen. That alone is driving significant more engagement in the Roku channel and also driving a lot of subscriptions as well. So that's another example of like how do we use our home screen to drive more monetization. But let me Charlie can talk about our ad strategy and how things like the Marquee Video ad fit into our overall strategy. And then you can Charlie can turn it back over to me and we'll talk about device margins. Speaker 300:21:05Sure. Thanks, Anthony. Hey, Matt. Speaker 1000:21:08Look, Anthony is right. The home screen is a proprietary asset and it is doing very well in terms of demand for advertisers. We call it the Roku experience. Everything that an advertiser can participate in inside the UI is considered part of the Roku experience. And we've been talking a lot to you guys about our demand diversification and really over the last few quarters, we've diversified demand and I believe the home screen placements are a big part of that. Speaker 1000:21:39So the Roku Experience advertising I mentioned in the letter were Pepsi and Neutrogena, but there were all sorts of advertisers that took advantage of not just the marquee video unit that Anthony mentioned, which now puts video on the home screen, but we do integrations that include shoppability. We have integrations where we build showcases where people can go in and look at the color of the car that we're advertising and it's really impact driving and performance. Roku in the macro is living at the intersection of two of the fastest growing segments in advertising, I would say, commerce driven solutions, which again our Roku Experience units perform really well. And then just the move from linear to CTV and streaming. And so all of the unique products in Roku Experience and the integrations we do allow us to prove business results for our marketers, not just M and E anymore, but marketers of every category. Speaker 1000:22:40So it's working really, really well. Anthony, do you Speaker 300:22:42want to take part two? Speaker 400:22:46Yes. Speaker 300:22:48So device revenue and gross margin. So let me I'll just repeat like I said before, which is that we're very happy with the progress we're making on growing streaming households. We passed 90,000,000 streaming households globally. We're growing both in The U. S. Speaker 300:23:04And internationally. In The U. S, we passed half of all broadband households. We had over 4,000,000 streaming households in the quarter. We're making great progress. Speaker 300:23:13I expect that growth to continue. We expect to continue to grow streaming households both in U. S. And outside The U. S. Speaker 300:23:20But in terms of your question about devices and gross margins and revenue, let me turn that over to Dan. Speaker 500:23:26Yes. Thank you, Matt, for the question. It's Dan here. So I think as you mentioned, like during the holidays, the market had high expectations for unit sales and from an overall market perspective, that did not materialize and a lot of excess inventory across the market did drive pricing down, including at Roku. This did impact our revenue and our device gross profit for Q4. Speaker 500:23:51It led to an excess inventory position in Q4, which will impact Q1. This will carry over just the excess inventory. And basically this is primarily in our first party TV business. But for the full year, and so we do expect margins to come to rationalize to a more normal device margin level that's in our guide. So for the full year, we're guiding to roughly flat dollars for device gross profit relative to 2024. Speaker 500:24:22That's on higher device revenue. So margins are improving and our guide does factor in what we would expect from the market pricing going into this year. Speaker 800:24:36Thank you so much. Operator00:24:38Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ralph Schackart with William Blair. Your line is now open. Speaker 1100:24:45Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the question. On the call, you've talked a lot about the strength and strong ad performance in the quarter and sort of your outlook, and that advertising grew faster than overall platform revenue in Q4. Maybe if you could sort of segment the top one or two things that are going really right in the ad business. I'm sure there's a bunch of things coming together driving the strong performance, but maybe just get a sense of what's really driving the strong performance in the ad business and then a follow-up please. Speaker 300:25:16Yes, I think this is Anthony. I mean all three parts of our strategies to grow platform revenue are really working well. We are making better use of our home screen to drive more engagement and to drive more subscriptions to drive more ad revenue. There's more I think there's still a lot of room to grow there, but that's going well. The integrations with third party DSPs to drive more ad demand, those are going well. Speaker 300:25:43We're continuing to work on that. We're continuing to deepen those. And then subscriptions, subscriptions is a good business for us and it's growing both the premium subscriptions and the direct to consumer subscriptions. And there's just a lot of things a lot of product changes, product improvements, as well as partnership improvements, additional partners that are all going to drive and are driving that business. So at a high level, that's what I'm seeing. Speaker 300:26:11I don't know, Charlie or Dan, did you have anything to add or Speaker 1000:26:15you got it? Well, you're absolutely right. Obviously, with all those areas, I'll say one other thing we're able to do is we really can come to the market from a position of strength because of the growth of our inventory. We have the volume, the competitive pricing and the products at every price point on the demand curve. So you start to look at the way the market's moving and Roku is really well positioned to optimize the premium side of our inventory, our sponsorships, our sports, our Roku City and all of the premium inventory and we can service all the way down the demand chain to folks who don't need those signals or willing to take a different inventory mix. Speaker 1000:26:59So I very much like the fact that we are growing in this environment and have the kind of volume and competitive pricing flexibility and products at every point. Speaker 300:27:10Great. And then Speaker 1100:27:11just a quick follow-up for guessing for Dan. In the letter, you talked about wanting to provide a clear and accurate outlook based on latest info rather than conservatism. Just curious, has your approach to guidance changed since last call? Just kind of curious, anything you could add on that, what's in the letter? Thank you. Speaker 500:27:31Yes, it's a good call out, Ralph. What we're trying to do is just provide not just Q1 this year obviously, but full year and give the outside all the using all the data points we have. Obviously, the ad industry can be very choppy and volatile from quarter to quarter, but we're providing our best view that we see for all of for Q1 and for all of 2025. So again, like I think we're just saying, hey, this is our view internally on what we see for Q1 and for the full year. Obviously, we'll update everybody each quarter as we go through it, but it's not a guide out there that we would say is overly conservative. Speaker 500:28:11It's our view of what we would expect for 2025. Speaker 300:28:16Okay. Thanks for clarifying. Operator00:28:18Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Steve Cahall with Wells Fargo. Your line is now open. Speaker 1200:28:26Thank you. First, just on subscription. So we've seen some prices go up at some of the streamers. Netflix took price up recently, but they're also guiding to flattish ARPU for the year. I think their expectation is that folks will down tier to the ad tier and we've seen ARPU be kind of flattish at some of the other big streamers. Speaker 1200:28:45So I'm just wondering how that plays into your SSD revenue. If pricing goes up, but folks do end up on some of these lower subscription tiers, do you still get the acceleration of the pricing? Does it flatten it out a little bit? So maybe you can just help us think about how some of these industry shifts towards ad supported tiers that we're seeing roll through SSD? And then a couple follow ups on political. Speaker 1200:29:08So just first, given how big the cycles are getting, this was a record cycle and it seems like '26 could be similar to '24 from a cycle size. Are you adding sales force to try to build into political more specifically and help the campaigns in the packs reach the younger audiences? And then lastly, Dan, sorry, I can't help myself on this one, but it seems like you probably would have had a pretty good idea of political when you reported Q3 and then you've said that the guidance isn't conservative. So maybe you can just help us understand how the political kind of came in as a surprise in Q4. Thank you. Speaker 300:29:45Hey Steve, thanks for the three questions. Sorry. On subscription, that's okay. I'll turn it over to Dan. I'll just say that this we're not going into any specific deal because our deals vary, our distribution deals. Speaker 300:30:01But as a general matter, our deals are structured to allow us to win when our partners win. So if we sign up subscriptions, if we grow their engagement. So that often means Roku has some monetization based on subscription bills, but also based on advertising. So, but that's just kind of a general statement. But let me turn it over to Dan. Speaker 500:30:25Yes. Thanks, David. It's Dan. And Anthony is exactly right. Like the way to think about subscriptions is the way all our deals are different across the different content of our different partners. Speaker 500:30:36But ultimately like one Speaker 300:30:38of the ways I like Speaker 500:30:39to think about it is when they win and we're going to win on the economics of it. So as they go through and adjust their pricing to better reflect what's best for them, it's going to flow through to us depending on the deal and the economics. And then I'm going to take the third question and then I'll send it back to Anthony or Charlie on political. But the Q4 political did obviously surpass our expectations. Really was a very strong end of political cycle. Speaker 500:31:10We did know that there was demand given all the uncertainty going into the last month of political, but it did surpass our expectations for Q4. And a lot of that is due to Charlie and team and what they were able to do in the political, not just on the sales side, but really with amazing focus on what we can do with targeting. Political is very targeted, it's very performance driven as Charlie said. And as Anthony said, we are just very focused on this. So I believe that this particular vertical will be a strength for us going forward. Speaker 500:31:46Q4 certainly showcased that. I'll let Charlie talk about or Anthony talk about the political cycle and how they're thinking about it. Speaker 300:31:55Well, yes, let me just say one thing, then I'll turn it over to Charlie. This is Anthony. Political the other we were very focused on political as a vertical because we want to become good at it, and we knew there was a lot of opportunity there. It's very difficult for us to forecast because we haven't it's not something we do every day, something we don't have a lot of history, something that we're improving our ability at. So it's an area where forecasts are going to be uncertain. Speaker 300:32:21So I think that was also a factor. But, Charlie, do you want Speaker 1000:32:24to There was also a candidate change, which changed the cadence in the middle of the election cycle. But in general, we did staff up. I'm really proud of the whole ad sales team and the political team has done a tremendous job. And then I think as the cycle built and as we are successful serving our clients, in this case, political clients, more money is coming to Roku because it's performance. And I think that's it's a really good moment in time because it tests a lot of our skills. Speaker 1000:32:55It shows us what we're good at and where we need to be better. And, yes, we've already started talking about 2026 and even 2028 and how we're going to prepare for it on the staffing side technology and all, but all signs were that we're doing a lot of the right things and we still have room to grow. Speaker 300:33:14Thank you. Operator00:33:16Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Cameron McVeigh with Morgan Stanley. Your line is now Speaker 1300:33:23open. Hi, thank you. You guys have done a good job at slowing your OpEx growth rate recently. And when you think about your OpEx levels, particularly this year, curious where you see the most opportunity to become more efficient? Speaker 300:33:43Hey Cameron, this is Anthony. Let me I'll just say, I think that we are very focused on continuing to grow our investment in our platform business while also being very disciplined about our OpEx levels. And areas to be more efficient, part of this, where do we hire employees? I mean, we have a lot of offices around the world. Some of them are in lower cost regions converse to say Silicon Valley. Speaker 300:34:10So that's one strategy we're using is to hire more employees in lower cost regions. We're also looking hard at automation. We really bend the curve on our cloud costs, for example, by putting more resources into the software and writing more efficient software. Obviously, we're looking at AI. There's lots of ways to improve efficiency, both in operations and the customer experience using AI. Speaker 300:34:32So, and we spend a lot of time just talking about how to become more efficient, how to be more effective. And so, just in general, it's just a big focus for us. Execution in general is something we're really focused on. I don't know, do you want to talk about OpEx, Dan? Speaker 500:34:47Well, the only thing I would add on that, Anthony is of course right, is that doing all what he said has allowed us to reallocate capital to the platform side of the business while not losing any focus on our critical growing of scale on the device side. So we feel very good about the investments that we're making on the platform side to continue to grow our platform revenue. And we're able to do it because of everything Anthony just said without adding a lot of external OpEx. So it's a really a balanced approach between operational discipline, but continuing to invest in the platform side of the business, which again we all feel very good about. Speaker 1300:35:26Got it. Thank you. And then just secondly, curious how this response has been to the release of your self serve ads manager. How are you thinking about the SMB opportunity both in terms of timing and magnitude going forward? Thank you. Speaker 300:35:43This is Anthony. I mean, the response has been great and I think it's a huge opportunity. I mean, it's a very large market. It's a very large market of advertisers that don't traditionally buy TV advertising that we can tap into. So it's something we're going to continue to invest in. Speaker 1000:36:03But, Charlie, I don't let you comment. Yes, that's absolutely right. And it fits in with our strategy. We've talked a lot about demand diversification and the small and medium sized businesses, it is incremental and these are early days, but we like the trajectory and it's really going to diversify our demand well beyond the top 500 advertisers, which is terrific. Operator00:36:30Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Rich Greenfield with Light Shed Partners. Your line is now open. Speaker 1400:36:39Thank you for taking the question. This is sort of a it's one question, but sort of three parts. Humor me for Speaker 1000:36:44a few. Speaker 1400:36:47I'm curious how you think about the lifetime value impact of a Roku active account subscriber who subscribes to at least one of these premium subscription offerings that you're talking a lot about in both your letter and on the call earlier. It feels like once you've subscribed using Roku as your sort of how you subscribe, I would think that has a real lock in effect. But I was wondering if there's anything you've seen in terms of what happens to people getting different devices in the future or not being on active account, and how it changes when they have at least one subscription tied to Roku. And sort of the other side of it is what happens for the provider, whether it's Max or any of your premium subscription partners? What have they do they see much lower churn when they work with Roku? Speaker 1400:37:36I know some have seen higher churn with Amazon. I'm just curious sort of what the experience has been with Roku? And then lastly, just sort of tied into all of this is, do you bundle these subscriptions over time and create your own packages of multiple of these or how do you see that changing over time? Thanks. Speaker 300:37:53Hey, Rich. Thanks for your question. This is Anthony. Let's see. So, I would first of all, I can't really comment on churn rates of different aspects of our business. Speaker 300:38:03I would just say at that on that point, we're very focused on lifetime value, churn, customer experience, and I think we're good at it. I think we understand it quite well. Obviously, we're always trying to get better, but it's a big area of our data science team and analytics. We're focused on our subscription business. We're focused on growing both premium subscriptions and our direct to consumer subscriptions for our app partners. Speaker 300:38:30So, we have teams working on both. We're happy when we get a new subscriber, no matter whether it's a premium subscription or a direct to consumer subscription. I would say they both are generally positive in terms of retention because they both use our Roku Pay billing system. And so it gets to concern in the habit of using our billing system. They'll have a method of payment on file. Speaker 300:38:53But yes, I think in general we aspire to get a higher segment of our customers paying for subscriptions through Roku Pay and through our billing system. It's an area I think of a it's an area of big opportunity for us because I would say if you I mean compared to some of our competitors, we're actually a little bit behind on premium subscriptions. I mean it's a big business for us, but it could be a lot bigger if you compare it to say where some of our competitors are versus other areas of our business where we're well ahead. Most areas of our business were well ahead of our competitors. But this is one area where I think there's opportunity that we're sort of below where we should be and where we will be. Operator00:39:39Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Alan Gould with Loop Capital. Your line is now open. Speaker 1000:39:47Thanks for taking the question. I've got two. One, can you give us an update on what's happening on your international expansion? And secondly, is M and E still a headwind or Speaker 500:40:00are we past the tough comps there? Me throw Speaker 1000:40:02a third one in Dan. Was there Speaker 500:40:03any six zero six adjustment in the quarter? Thank you. Speaker 300:40:10Hey, Alan, thanks for that single three part question. Let's see, international expansion, this is Anthony. I mean, we're doing very pleased with our progress internationally. We're making great progress. I mean, just to remind everyone, the primary markets we're focused on right now is The Americas, North America, Central America, Latin America and The UK. Speaker 300:40:37We're number one. We're the number one senior platform in Canada, Mexico and obviously The U. S. We're growing fast in Latin America generally. Our growth is starting to accelerate in The U. Speaker 300:40:47K. So, we're making good progress in the markets we're focused on. I would say great progress. We do that the normal ways we're focused on lots of new Roku TV partners. We have new Roku TV partners in Brazil, Colombia, Chile and Peru, for example. Speaker 300:41:04In UK, we're expanding the number of Roku TV partners as well as retail distribution partners. I would say internationally in most markets except for maybe Canada, we're still focused primarily on scale of streaming households and less so on monetization, but that will come. And I think last quarter we said we expect to reach 100,000,000 streaming households and in the next twelve to eighteen months we're on track to do that. International is a big part of that. So it's going well. Speaker 300:41:37I don't know if Dan, do you want to add anything on international? Speaker 500:41:39Yes. Let me just I'll just add a little bit to that. As Anthony said, like we're in different stages of our scale and monetization on the international front. He mentioned Canada, where we are actually very focused on monetization. It's growing very well. Speaker 500:41:53We're actually hiring more locally in Canada even to double down in that area. In Mexico, we actually have scale. We've reached scale. I think we're over 40% of broadband penetration in Mexico. And we're really now starting to turn our focus on monetization. Speaker 500:42:08We haven't monetized in any meaningful way there because of the market. And now that we've got the scale, that is going to be a focus point for us going forward. And then in other countries like Brazil and what we'd call the rest of Latin America, we are in our growing scale phase. And so we're not actively in any big way monetizing those areas yet, But all this will come over time and we would expect as both our scale continues to grow and as importantly as these markets move to digital advertising that we're going to be in a great position to take advantage of that, especially given our number one position in like Mexico and other areas of Latin America and South America. So it will take some time. Speaker 500:42:56I would expect that international revenue does become a more meaningful part of our net revenue over time as we continue to build the scale and ultimately get to the monetization side of the business. On M and E, I'll turn it back to Anthony. Speaker 300:43:11You want to take the M and E? Sure. Speaker 1000:43:12Yes. M and A is something we're really good at. We continue to improve the Roku experience units that I mentioned earlier. And actually we've diversified beyond M and A for those units from revenue from non M and E brands, supporting all those Roku experiences on the platform is healthy. And we see a ton of advertisers coming in where it was just M and E before. Speaker 1000:43:39Anthony mentioned the Roku, I mean the marquee video ad. I will say we're not reliant on M and E for business results like we used to. We're not reliant on any one category like we used to be. M and E is going well and we see opportunity for strength in the category going into 2025. Speaker 500:44:05To the last question, I'll take the last question on six zero six. There was a very small six zero six adjustment in Q4. I think I mentioned earlier, like we do not expect six zero six adjustments going forward. Our guide for 2025 does not have any six zero six adjustments in there. Just given the way we've structured our agreements and the accounting policy we apply against them, we don't believe six zero six will be in our numbers on a go forward basis. Speaker 500:44:37Okay. Thanks for taking the questions. Operator00:44:40Thank you. Our last question comes from the line of Barton Crockett with Rosenblatt. Your line is now open. Speaker 1500:44:48Okay, great. Thanks for taking the question. I guess I was curious about some of the news flow overnight. So, one of your business partners, The Trade Desk was talking about some disappointment in their trends and it raises the question about their relationship with you, which you guys have called out last quarter as a source of strength and just this DSP channel generally where there's some competitive kind of gyrations. And I'm just wondering if you could comment on the health of that relationship and the health of DSPs generally with you guys? Speaker 300:45:26Hey, Barton, this is Anthony. I'll just make a comment and I'll turn it over to Charlie, I think. So just in general, I think we have a great relationship with The Trade Desk. I mean, it's a very productive business relationship. We're obviously a very large supplier of ad inventory for the connected TV. Speaker 300:45:45That's important to their business. They're also helping bring us additional demand. So it's a mutually beneficial relationship. I don't really follow Trade Desk and their stocks. I don't know I didn't say I haven't read their earnings. Speaker 300:45:59I'm not sure what's going on there. But I'll just say that I think our relationship is generally good. I mean, we are but we're focused on all demand side platform. We want to be as diversified as possible. Trade Desk is an important partner, but there's lots of other big DSPs out there and we're working with all of them. Speaker 300:46:16So I don't know, Charlie, do you want to Speaker 800:46:18add anything? Yes. Speaker 1000:46:18That's right. We have integrations now with every major demand and supply side platform and we're working really diligently not just to be on them because we've done that, but to optimize those relationship and drive marketer results. So Anthony is right, Trade Desk is a great partner, but not only are we expanding partnerships, we're building deeper integrations with all of them. And this will drive more demand. We're growing the number of advertisers we serve and the types of advertisers we serve. Speaker 1000:46:47And I think you're seeing signs that we're growing share of wallet. Earlier we mentioned the Roku channel being up 82% year over year. So we have a lot of inventory and more importantly, we have a lot of high fidelity signals that make us a great partner, not just for the DSPs, but for agencies and inevitably for marketers, which is the most important. So we'll continue to do more integrations with the DSPs and the SSPs and expand our ability to serve the entire demand curve, as I said earlier, at multiple price points. So really Barton, in the macro, what's happening is that we're driving incremental revenue and partnerships. Speaker 1000:47:26And as we do so, I think you'll see us ensure our inventory is available to advertisers in whichever platforms are easiest and most efficient for them to activate. And you'll see us ensure that our data and our inventory partnerships are optimized, which makes Roku inventory more visible programmatically and all these partnerships are becoming more and more accountable to our clients' needs. So really at the highest level, we're driving better performance for advertisers across all sorts of platform relationships And this should lead to deeper partnerships and more meaningful investment for Roku. Speaker 1500:48:01Okay. And then if I could just ask one other thing, the in the news, trade wars, tariffs, Does this mean anything for you guys? Is there any risk on devices from the tariffs in China? Any impact on advertising flows? I know Ford was cautionary about what steel could do to autos. Speaker 1500:48:22The de minimis could affect e commerce. Are you seeing anything? Speaker 300:48:29Yes, this is Anthony, you commented on that. Let me just also just wrap up on Trade Desk. I'll just say that just in summary, they're a good partner. We enjoy working with them and it's a mutually beneficial relationship. I don't think that's going to change. Speaker 300:48:41In terms of tariffs, I mean, well, I'll just say at a high level, we don't believe tariffs. I mean, there's a lot of different rumors about tariffs or discussions about tariffs, but in general, what we can tell, we don't believe the tariffs will have a material impact on our business. And I'll turn it over to Mostafa to maybe explain in a little more detail why that's the case. Speaker 700:49:06Hi, Barton. This is Mostafa speaking. Look, while tariffs could have a broad impact on the industry in general, we believe the impact on Roku will be minimal. Manufacturing of our first party products is already diversified around the world. So we are not really overly impacted by a single country concentration, for example, China concentration. Speaker 700:49:29And also we believe that higher end TV price actually may need to be raised to compensate for tariffs impact. This actually could move some customers into the value segment where we are really strongly positioned. So we may see some benefit from the tariffs in general. Speaker 500:49:47Yes. And this is Dan Barton. I just want to add to what Mustafa said. From a device perspective, like any impact on our gross Speaker 800:49:54margin related to tariffs, we believe would be immaterial. And we don't Speaker 500:49:54expect any impact on any impact on the platform revenue side of the business. To your point on certain verticals, there's always that possibility that certain verticals are impacted in general, but again, we're very well diversified. Charlie talked a lot about that earlier. So we don't see any issue on the platform side right now as it relates to tariffs. Speaker 1500:50:20Thank you guys. Operator00:50:22Thank you. I would now like to hand the call back over to Anthony Wood for closing remarks. Speaker 300:50:30I'd just like to thank our employees, customers, advertisers and content partners and thank you for listening. Operator00:50:38This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.Read moreRemove AdsPowered by Conference Call Audio Live Call not available Earnings Conference CallTaseko Mines Q4 202400:00 / 00:00Speed:1x1.25x1.5x2xRemove Ads Earnings DocumentsPress Release(8-K)Annual report(10-K) Taseko Mines Earnings HeadlinesTaseko Mines Limited: Taseko Releases Economic Impact Study for Gibraltar Copper MineFebruary 12, 2025 | finanznachrichten.deTaseko Mines (TSE:TKO) shareholder returns have been enviable, earning 438% in 5 yearsFebruary 11, 2025 | finance.yahoo.comTrump to unlock 15-figure fortune for America (May 3rd) ?We were shown this map by former Presidential Advisor, Jim Rickards, one of the most politically connected men in America. Rickards has spent his fifty-year career in the innermost circles of the U.S. government and banking. And he believes Trump could soon release this frozen asset to the public. April 15, 2025 | Paradigm Press (Ad)Taseko Mines L. Share Chat (TKO)February 8, 2025 | lse.co.ukTaseko Mines Limited: Taseko Announces 2024 Production Results and Amendment to Gibraltar Silver StreamJanuary 10, 2025 | finanznachrichten.deTaseko Shares Rally as Miner Targets Production ReboundJanuary 9, 2025 | marketwatch.comSee More Taseko Mines Headlines Get Earnings Announcements in your inboxWant to stay updated on the latest earnings announcements and upcoming reports for companies like Taseko Mines? Sign up for Earnings360's daily newsletter to receive timely earnings updates on Taseko Mines and other key companies, straight to your email. Email Address About Taseko MinesTaseko Mines (TSE:TKO) Limited, a mining company, acquires, develops, and operates mineral properties. It explores for copper, molybdenum, gold, niobium, and silver deposits. The company's principal asset comprises 100% interest owned the Gibraltar mine located in British Columbia. 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There are 16 speakers on the call. Operator00:00:00Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Roku Fourth Quarter twenty twenty four Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question and answer Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Konrad Grodd, Vice President of Investor Relations. Operator00:00:32Please go ahead. Speaker 100:00:35Welcome to Roku's fourth quarter and year ended twenty twenty four earnings call. On today's call are Anthony Wood, Roku's Founder and CEO Dan Jetta, our CFO Charlie Collier, President, Roku Media and Mustafa Osgen, President, Devices. Our full results and additional management commentary are available in our shareholder letter on our IR website at roku.com/investor. On this call, we'll make forward looking statements, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Please refer to our shareholder letter and periodic SEC filings for risk factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these forward looking statements. Speaker 100:01:20We will also present GAAP and non GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations of non GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures are provided in our shareholder letter. Unless otherwise stated, all comparisons will be against our results for the comparable 2023 period. Beginning this quarter, we'll forego prepared remarks and go straight into Q and A. Operator, our first question please. Operator00:01:47Thank you. Speaker 200:01:56Our first question comes from Operator00:01:58the line of Shyam Patil with Susquehanna International Group. Your line is now open. Speaker 300:02:04Hey guys, congrats on the strong results. I had a couple Speaker 400:02:07of questions. I guess the first one, very strong fourth quarter. What drove the outperformance? And do you guys expect that to continue in 2025? And then second question, on free cash flow conversion is how should we expect that to trend in 2025 and beyond? Speaker 400:02:28Thank you guys. Speaker 300:02:32Hi, Sean. This is Anthony. Thanks for the question. We were very pleased with the Q4 results. It was an outstanding quarter. Speaker 300:02:39I feel like we're continuing to execute well. And I thought one of the interesting things about the quarter was just how it provided a lot of proof points that our strategy to grow our platform revenue is working and working well. And just to remind everyone like the three key points of our strategy to grow platform revenue, the first is to lean into making better use of our home screen. Our home screen is a key our home screen on all our Roku devices is a key asset for us. Half of broadband households in The U. Speaker 300:03:09S. Start their TV viewing experience with our home screen, so leaning into making better use of that assets is a big part of our strategy to grow platform revenue. The second part of it is to continue to drive more ad demand by expanding our third party partnerships. That's also going well. And then the third point is just to continue focusing on growing our subscription revenue with more focus on subscriptions generally, more resources focused on subscriptions and more home screen integrations. Speaker 300:03:38So I feel like our strategy is working well and we're seeing that start to play out in the quarter. Looking at advertising generally, I mean advertising is also doing well. It did great in the quarter. It was an outstanding advertising quarter as well. Even ex political, it was a strong advertising quarter. Speaker 300:03:56Advertising picked up on many fronts. And one of our strategies around advertising is to continue to create more unique high demand, broad reach ad units that are unique to our platform. And just for example, one of those ad units is the Video Marquee ad on our home screen and that's also very popular. We're also in our ad business very good at reaching the right person with the right message at the right time. So it was an outstanding quarter. Speaker 300:04:27We're executing well. Our strategy is working and the strategy is going to continue to work. There's still a lot of growth left in this business. It's still fairly early days in the streaming transition. I expect to see continued growth in 2025, but let me turn it over to Dan who can talk more about that part of your question. Speaker 500:04:46Thanks, Anthony. Hi, Shyam. It's Dan. So let me give a little bit of color on Q4 and into 2025. And the Q4, very strong. Speaker 500:04:55We grew 25% on the platform side. If you back out political, which added six points of growth, we grew 19%. And if you look at our Q1 and what we're expecting, we are going to grow 16% on a year over year basis for platform in Q1. And for the full year, we're going to grow 12%. And if you back out political in 2025, we're going to grow 15%, which is actually faster than the growth in 2024. Speaker 500:05:26So to answer your question, we do expect some very strong results to continue into 2025. If I just take it down to platform gross margin at the midpoint of our guide for 2025 at 52.5%, that compares to 53.5% in 2024, so 100 basis point decline, but that's fully explained by six zero six adjustments in 2024, which we do not expect any six zero six adjustments in 2025. So backing out six zero six, our platform margins are flat. So we expect to grow platform gross profit as much as platform revenue ex six zero six. And then dropping to adjusted EBITDA, the $350,000,000 guide would imply a 130 basis point improvement in EBITDA margins on a year over year basis for 2025. Speaker 500:06:22So again, gaining very good leverage as we grow our platform revenue, as we manage our OpEx and still continue to invest in our platform business. So all in all, very good. On to your last question on how to think about free cash flow conversion trend in 2025, thank you for that question. Free cash flow and free cash flow per share is our North Star metric. We feel very good about free cash flow. Speaker 500:06:46We ended 2024 at just over $200,000,000 of free cash flow. I'm actually expecting free cash flow to be higher than our adjusted EBITDA guide for 2025. We've got a lot of good things working on the working capital front. We will continue to be CapEx light in 2025. And so free cash flow should continue to grow and should grow faster than adjusted EBITDA for 2025. Speaker 400:07:12Thank you, Anthony. Thank you, Dan. Operator00:07:15Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Morris with Guggenheim Securities. Your line is now open. Speaker 600:07:23Thank you. Good afternoon, guys. Two questions for me. One, just to follow-up on that last question. Could you expand on some of the drivers of the 16% platform revenue growth that you're looking for in the first quarter? Speaker 600:07:36It'd be great to hear about how you're thinking about maybe advertising versus SSD and it'd be great to hear also about how these third party DSP partnerships are contributing and how you think about that throughout the year? And then secondly, could you share any updated thoughts on how this Walmart acquisition of VIZIO will impact your business? I think they are a pretty large retail partner of yours currently. So do you expect that your products are going to be deemphasized or that there will be an impact on your business as a result of that combination? Thank you. Speaker 300:08:12Hey, Mike. This is Anthony. I'll let Dan take your first question and then when he finished that I'll take your second question about Walmart. Speaker 500:08:22Hi, Mike. It's Dan. Yes, I'll take that first question. With respect to the drivers of the 16% platform revenue growth in Q1, so that is both streaming service distribution and our advertising activities, both have a very both are growing very strong in our Q1. We start to comp price increases in the back half of twenty twenty five. Speaker 500:08:47So we'll give more guidance on SSD going forward, but in Q1 both are driving excellent growth. We feel very good about the advertising business activities both for Q1 and for full year. I would expect our advertising activities to actually grow faster than streaming services distribution, which we love to see. So and all in all, again, very strong going into Q1, very strong for the full year for both SSD, that's primarily from subscriptions and then of course our advertising activities, which we've talked a lot about in the shareholder letter and what's driving them including the answer to the second part of this question on the DSP partnerships, which I'll turn it back to Anthony. Speaker 300:09:29And then regarding your question about Walmart and the VIZIO acquisition, let me just make a few introductory remarks and then I'll actually turn it over to Mostafa who runs our device business to talk more about it. First of all, we're doing a great job on growing our streaming households. I mean, we passed over 90,000,000 streaming households globally. In the quarter, we added over 4,000,000 new streaming households in the last quarter alone. Our first party TVs are also doing well. Speaker 300:10:00We've sold over one million first party TVs in 2024. And we announced, I think, last quarter that we expected to, in the not too distant future, pass 100,000,000 streaming households. We're on track for that to happen. So our streaming households are growing nicely, both inside The U. S. Speaker 300:10:20And outside The U. S. Both parts are growing. We're aware that Walmart bought VIZIO and that's all taken into account in our forecast and our view of the future and I fully expect that our streaming households are going to continue to grow both inside The United States and outside The United States. Walmart is an important partner for us. Speaker 300:10:41We do a lot of business together. I also expect that to continue. But let me turn it over to Mustafa, who can provide more detail. Speaker 700:10:51Hi, Mike. This is Mustafa speaking. Look, Roku OS has been the number one selling TV OS in The U. S. For six years in a row. Speaker 700:11:03For full year 2024, unit sales of Roku TVs were greater than the next two operating systems combined. And as Anthony mentioned earlier, we've surpassed half of broadband households in The U. S. In terms of household penetration. And we're very large platform in terms of distribution and also in terms install base. Speaker 700:11:24And therefore, our streaming players and all of our Roku TVs have already a wide retail distribution. They are available in popular retailers such as Amazon, Best Buy, Sam Club and Target and also in other specialty and regional stores. So it's a quite wide distribution. And we continue to gain shelf space in the retailers as we introduce new products and upgrade our products. And also because our brand is very popular, customers love our brand, they trust our brand, they ask for Roku by name at store. Speaker 700:11:58So retailers would love to carry our products. So overall, these are all the sort of the reasons why the retailers will continue to carry Roku products and as long as there's demand there will be basically a good shelf space allocated for our products. And I should also highlight that we distribute our operating systems to our customers in three different ways. One is with our streaming players, which is quite large business, the other with our third party TVs and recently with our first party TVs, we have a large sort of different channels to distribute our operating systems. So we'll continue to do that. Speaker 700:12:41So we feel very confident that we are well positioned to continue to grow in The U. S. Also in other countries and remain on track to achieve 100,000,000 streaming households target in the coming years. Speaker 800:12:58Thank you. Operator00:12:58Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Laura Martin with Needham. Your line is now open. Speaker 900:13:05Hi there. Congratulations on fantastic results. Hey, Anthony. Speaker 300:13:12Thank you. Speaker 900:13:13So about a year ago, I think it was, hi, you fired everybody in subscription and had them all report to you. And then in the most recent quarter, you over delivered Platform by about $100,000,000 versus us in consensus. Could you break out for us, what did you get done in the subscription business in the year you just finished managing that business? And when you think about the roadmap, how much better or how much bigger of a contributor can subscription be going forward? And are they as big as what Charlie is doing over in retail media networks and self-service for the admin? Speaker 900:13:47Thank you. Speaker 300:13:51Hey, Laura, nice to hear from you. The connection wasn't great. So I think I got your question, but if I don't answer it, let me know. I think you asked about our subscription business and can we break out what we've been doing there in the last year, a little bit about the roadmap and then I wasn't quite sure what this is as big as the retail or media business. So, if we go back to our strategy for growing platform revenue, it's leveraging our home screen more, growing ad demand. Speaker 300:14:24There's a bunch of ways we're doing that, but one of the biggest is working with third party platforms and deeper integration there. The third is growing our subscription business. We have a very large subscription business that's tens of millions of subscribers that we bill on our platform, and it's both through what we call premium subscriptions and also through direct to consumer subscriptions, all enabled by our billing platform Roku Pay. And that business is a very good business for us. It continues to grow. Speaker 300:14:56And there's a lot of items on the roadmap that we don't talk about that will continue to drive that business. We continue to add more partners. For example, we recently added Max to the premium subscription lineup. And we've also made changes internally around the way we handle operations and are organized to just give it more focus. We're very disciplined about our OpEx, but we're allocating more of our OpEx to subscriptions than we used to speed up some of the changes in the roadmap that will continue to grow that business. Speaker 300:15:31So I just got a lot of room to grow and I'm very bullish on it. And then the Speaker 1000:15:39last part of the question. Speaker 300:15:41So I think that answers your question. If not, let me know. Speaker 900:15:45Yes. That was great. And my second one was just on local. I thought it was interesting that political was 6% of your fourth quarter revenue and Trade Desk said it was 5% of theirs. Would you say that's a secular shift out of the local TV business and you would expect that to grow in every two year cycle now? Speaker 900:16:02Are people converted to using CTV in place of local broadcast or political ads? Speaker 300:16:08Well, I'll turn it over to Charlie, but I'll definitely one of the drivers for us was just we spent more we put more effort into it. I mean, it's an area that we've identified strategically as a big vertical for us that we want to get better and better at. And we did better than we did the last cycle. I'm sure we'll get better at it the next cycle. So that's one of the drivers, but there are definitely secular shifts. Speaker 300:16:29I'll let Charlie talk about it. Speaker 700:16:30Yes. Hey, Laura, how are you? Speaker 1000:16:36I would say this, you learn so much from political advertising because it really is a good microcosm of what we do very, very well. We talk about driving results for marketers and obviously an election cycle is time bound. They're very specific with respect to their targets and Roku does a really good job at delivering performance. So we've seen not just the growth, but I like what it portends in terms of our thesis that we can be a performant platform at the highest level. So yes, I think there'll be a continued shift to CTV and Roku specifically because of how well we deliver for advertisers and prove ROI. Speaker 900:17:18Thank you. Great numbers. Speaker 300:17:21Thank you. Speaker 900:17:21Thank you. Operator00:17:22Our next question comes from the line of Jason Helfstein with Oppenheimer. Your line is now open. Speaker 200:17:29Thanks for taking the question. Hello, everybody. Clearly, The Roku Channel is delivering tremendous usage growth and giving you a lot of available ad units to sell. When you think about your success with political in the fourth quarter, did this crowd out other ad demand or do you think that this was all incremental when you think about inventory selling? Thank you. Speaker 300:17:54Hey, Jason, this is Anthony. I'll let Charlie take that question. Sure. Speaker 1000:18:00Hey, Jason. Look, I think probably in the market there were people who waited to get out of the political cycle to play some advertising. So I think advertisers were making that choice. For us, we have like you said, the Roku channel grew 82% year over year. We have a lot of inventory and that allows us to come to the market from a position of strength and really serve every part of demand on the demand curve and to service all types of pricing. Speaker 1000:18:34So for us, I think the question incrementality is tough to say, but as I said before, one thing I'm sure of is our ability to target improved performance was really evident during the political cycle and I think it served us well throughout the quarter and will continue to do so into 2025. Speaker 300:18:59Thank you. Operator00:19:02Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Condon with Citizens JMP. Your line is now open. Speaker 800:19:09Thank you so much for taking my questions. My first one is just on the home screen monetization. Understood that you guys have talked about video ads being placed there and that was in beta. There's no mention of it in the shareholder letter. So I just wanted to touch base on that and see how that's progressing and maybe what are the levers you guys have there to increase monetization? Speaker 800:19:28And then my second question is just on device revenue and gross profit margins understood. I think it was an increased discounting period during the holiday, but it does seem like that carried over into 1Q. So I'm just trying to make sure that there was any sort of increased competitive intensity in the quarter and into 1Q. Thank you. Speaker 300:19:51Hey, Matt. This is Anthony. I'll let Charlie talk about video ads and just how that plays into overall ad strategy. And then I'll take your follow on question about device margins. I will say, just before I turn it over to Charlie, our strategy of making better use of our home screen is not just about putting a marquee video ad on the home screen, for example. Speaker 300:20:15Like we are very careful about putting ads on our home screen. I mean, we're very focused on both driving more monetization, but also driving increased customer satisfaction. We have a very iconic home screen. Consumers love it. We have no intention of breaking it. Speaker 300:20:34So putting video ads strategically in different locations on our home screen is part of it, but also for example, we added one row of content recommendations on our home screen. That alone is driving significant more engagement in the Roku channel and also driving a lot of subscriptions as well. So that's another example of like how do we use our home screen to drive more monetization. But let me Charlie can talk about our ad strategy and how things like the Marquee Video ad fit into our overall strategy. And then you can Charlie can turn it back over to me and we'll talk about device margins. Speaker 300:21:05Sure. Thanks, Anthony. Hey, Matt. Speaker 1000:21:08Look, Anthony is right. The home screen is a proprietary asset and it is doing very well in terms of demand for advertisers. We call it the Roku experience. Everything that an advertiser can participate in inside the UI is considered part of the Roku experience. And we've been talking a lot to you guys about our demand diversification and really over the last few quarters, we've diversified demand and I believe the home screen placements are a big part of that. Speaker 1000:21:39So the Roku Experience advertising I mentioned in the letter were Pepsi and Neutrogena, but there were all sorts of advertisers that took advantage of not just the marquee video unit that Anthony mentioned, which now puts video on the home screen, but we do integrations that include shoppability. We have integrations where we build showcases where people can go in and look at the color of the car that we're advertising and it's really impact driving and performance. Roku in the macro is living at the intersection of two of the fastest growing segments in advertising, I would say, commerce driven solutions, which again our Roku Experience units perform really well. And then just the move from linear to CTV and streaming. And so all of the unique products in Roku Experience and the integrations we do allow us to prove business results for our marketers, not just M and E anymore, but marketers of every category. Speaker 1000:22:40So it's working really, really well. Anthony, do you Speaker 300:22:42want to take part two? Speaker 400:22:46Yes. Speaker 300:22:48So device revenue and gross margin. So let me I'll just repeat like I said before, which is that we're very happy with the progress we're making on growing streaming households. We passed 90,000,000 streaming households globally. We're growing both in The U. S. Speaker 300:23:04And internationally. In The U. S, we passed half of all broadband households. We had over 4,000,000 streaming households in the quarter. We're making great progress. Speaker 300:23:13I expect that growth to continue. We expect to continue to grow streaming households both in U. S. And outside The U. S. Speaker 300:23:20But in terms of your question about devices and gross margins and revenue, let me turn that over to Dan. Speaker 500:23:26Yes. Thank you, Matt, for the question. It's Dan here. So I think as you mentioned, like during the holidays, the market had high expectations for unit sales and from an overall market perspective, that did not materialize and a lot of excess inventory across the market did drive pricing down, including at Roku. This did impact our revenue and our device gross profit for Q4. Speaker 500:23:51It led to an excess inventory position in Q4, which will impact Q1. This will carry over just the excess inventory. And basically this is primarily in our first party TV business. But for the full year, and so we do expect margins to come to rationalize to a more normal device margin level that's in our guide. So for the full year, we're guiding to roughly flat dollars for device gross profit relative to 2024. Speaker 500:24:22That's on higher device revenue. So margins are improving and our guide does factor in what we would expect from the market pricing going into this year. Speaker 800:24:36Thank you so much. Operator00:24:38Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ralph Schackart with William Blair. Your line is now open. Speaker 1100:24:45Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the question. On the call, you've talked a lot about the strength and strong ad performance in the quarter and sort of your outlook, and that advertising grew faster than overall platform revenue in Q4. Maybe if you could sort of segment the top one or two things that are going really right in the ad business. I'm sure there's a bunch of things coming together driving the strong performance, but maybe just get a sense of what's really driving the strong performance in the ad business and then a follow-up please. Speaker 300:25:16Yes, I think this is Anthony. I mean all three parts of our strategies to grow platform revenue are really working well. We are making better use of our home screen to drive more engagement and to drive more subscriptions to drive more ad revenue. There's more I think there's still a lot of room to grow there, but that's going well. The integrations with third party DSPs to drive more ad demand, those are going well. Speaker 300:25:43We're continuing to work on that. We're continuing to deepen those. And then subscriptions, subscriptions is a good business for us and it's growing both the premium subscriptions and the direct to consumer subscriptions. And there's just a lot of things a lot of product changes, product improvements, as well as partnership improvements, additional partners that are all going to drive and are driving that business. So at a high level, that's what I'm seeing. Speaker 300:26:11I don't know, Charlie or Dan, did you have anything to add or Speaker 1000:26:15you got it? Well, you're absolutely right. Obviously, with all those areas, I'll say one other thing we're able to do is we really can come to the market from a position of strength because of the growth of our inventory. We have the volume, the competitive pricing and the products at every price point on the demand curve. So you start to look at the way the market's moving and Roku is really well positioned to optimize the premium side of our inventory, our sponsorships, our sports, our Roku City and all of the premium inventory and we can service all the way down the demand chain to folks who don't need those signals or willing to take a different inventory mix. Speaker 1000:26:59So I very much like the fact that we are growing in this environment and have the kind of volume and competitive pricing flexibility and products at every point. Speaker 300:27:10Great. And then Speaker 1100:27:11just a quick follow-up for guessing for Dan. In the letter, you talked about wanting to provide a clear and accurate outlook based on latest info rather than conservatism. Just curious, has your approach to guidance changed since last call? Just kind of curious, anything you could add on that, what's in the letter? Thank you. Speaker 500:27:31Yes, it's a good call out, Ralph. What we're trying to do is just provide not just Q1 this year obviously, but full year and give the outside all the using all the data points we have. Obviously, the ad industry can be very choppy and volatile from quarter to quarter, but we're providing our best view that we see for all of for Q1 and for all of 2025. So again, like I think we're just saying, hey, this is our view internally on what we see for Q1 and for the full year. Obviously, we'll update everybody each quarter as we go through it, but it's not a guide out there that we would say is overly conservative. Speaker 500:28:11It's our view of what we would expect for 2025. Speaker 300:28:16Okay. Thanks for clarifying. Operator00:28:18Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Steve Cahall with Wells Fargo. Your line is now open. Speaker 1200:28:26Thank you. First, just on subscription. So we've seen some prices go up at some of the streamers. Netflix took price up recently, but they're also guiding to flattish ARPU for the year. I think their expectation is that folks will down tier to the ad tier and we've seen ARPU be kind of flattish at some of the other big streamers. Speaker 1200:28:45So I'm just wondering how that plays into your SSD revenue. If pricing goes up, but folks do end up on some of these lower subscription tiers, do you still get the acceleration of the pricing? Does it flatten it out a little bit? So maybe you can just help us think about how some of these industry shifts towards ad supported tiers that we're seeing roll through SSD? And then a couple follow ups on political. Speaker 1200:29:08So just first, given how big the cycles are getting, this was a record cycle and it seems like '26 could be similar to '24 from a cycle size. Are you adding sales force to try to build into political more specifically and help the campaigns in the packs reach the younger audiences? And then lastly, Dan, sorry, I can't help myself on this one, but it seems like you probably would have had a pretty good idea of political when you reported Q3 and then you've said that the guidance isn't conservative. So maybe you can just help us understand how the political kind of came in as a surprise in Q4. Thank you. Speaker 300:29:45Hey Steve, thanks for the three questions. Sorry. On subscription, that's okay. I'll turn it over to Dan. I'll just say that this we're not going into any specific deal because our deals vary, our distribution deals. Speaker 300:30:01But as a general matter, our deals are structured to allow us to win when our partners win. So if we sign up subscriptions, if we grow their engagement. So that often means Roku has some monetization based on subscription bills, but also based on advertising. So, but that's just kind of a general statement. But let me turn it over to Dan. Speaker 500:30:25Yes. Thanks, David. It's Dan. And Anthony is exactly right. Like the way to think about subscriptions is the way all our deals are different across the different content of our different partners. Speaker 500:30:36But ultimately like one Speaker 300:30:38of the ways I like Speaker 500:30:39to think about it is when they win and we're going to win on the economics of it. So as they go through and adjust their pricing to better reflect what's best for them, it's going to flow through to us depending on the deal and the economics. And then I'm going to take the third question and then I'll send it back to Anthony or Charlie on political. But the Q4 political did obviously surpass our expectations. Really was a very strong end of political cycle. Speaker 500:31:10We did know that there was demand given all the uncertainty going into the last month of political, but it did surpass our expectations for Q4. And a lot of that is due to Charlie and team and what they were able to do in the political, not just on the sales side, but really with amazing focus on what we can do with targeting. Political is very targeted, it's very performance driven as Charlie said. And as Anthony said, we are just very focused on this. So I believe that this particular vertical will be a strength for us going forward. Speaker 500:31:46Q4 certainly showcased that. I'll let Charlie talk about or Anthony talk about the political cycle and how they're thinking about it. Speaker 300:31:55Well, yes, let me just say one thing, then I'll turn it over to Charlie. This is Anthony. Political the other we were very focused on political as a vertical because we want to become good at it, and we knew there was a lot of opportunity there. It's very difficult for us to forecast because we haven't it's not something we do every day, something we don't have a lot of history, something that we're improving our ability at. So it's an area where forecasts are going to be uncertain. Speaker 300:32:21So I think that was also a factor. But, Charlie, do you want Speaker 1000:32:24to There was also a candidate change, which changed the cadence in the middle of the election cycle. But in general, we did staff up. I'm really proud of the whole ad sales team and the political team has done a tremendous job. And then I think as the cycle built and as we are successful serving our clients, in this case, political clients, more money is coming to Roku because it's performance. And I think that's it's a really good moment in time because it tests a lot of our skills. Speaker 1000:32:55It shows us what we're good at and where we need to be better. And, yes, we've already started talking about 2026 and even 2028 and how we're going to prepare for it on the staffing side technology and all, but all signs were that we're doing a lot of the right things and we still have room to grow. Speaker 300:33:14Thank you. Operator00:33:16Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Cameron McVeigh with Morgan Stanley. Your line is now Speaker 1300:33:23open. Hi, thank you. You guys have done a good job at slowing your OpEx growth rate recently. And when you think about your OpEx levels, particularly this year, curious where you see the most opportunity to become more efficient? Speaker 300:33:43Hey Cameron, this is Anthony. Let me I'll just say, I think that we are very focused on continuing to grow our investment in our platform business while also being very disciplined about our OpEx levels. And areas to be more efficient, part of this, where do we hire employees? I mean, we have a lot of offices around the world. Some of them are in lower cost regions converse to say Silicon Valley. Speaker 300:34:10So that's one strategy we're using is to hire more employees in lower cost regions. We're also looking hard at automation. We really bend the curve on our cloud costs, for example, by putting more resources into the software and writing more efficient software. Obviously, we're looking at AI. There's lots of ways to improve efficiency, both in operations and the customer experience using AI. Speaker 300:34:32So, and we spend a lot of time just talking about how to become more efficient, how to be more effective. And so, just in general, it's just a big focus for us. Execution in general is something we're really focused on. I don't know, do you want to talk about OpEx, Dan? Speaker 500:34:47Well, the only thing I would add on that, Anthony is of course right, is that doing all what he said has allowed us to reallocate capital to the platform side of the business while not losing any focus on our critical growing of scale on the device side. So we feel very good about the investments that we're making on the platform side to continue to grow our platform revenue. And we're able to do it because of everything Anthony just said without adding a lot of external OpEx. So it's a really a balanced approach between operational discipline, but continuing to invest in the platform side of the business, which again we all feel very good about. Speaker 1300:35:26Got it. Thank you. And then just secondly, curious how this response has been to the release of your self serve ads manager. How are you thinking about the SMB opportunity both in terms of timing and magnitude going forward? Thank you. Speaker 300:35:43This is Anthony. I mean, the response has been great and I think it's a huge opportunity. I mean, it's a very large market. It's a very large market of advertisers that don't traditionally buy TV advertising that we can tap into. So it's something we're going to continue to invest in. Speaker 1000:36:03But, Charlie, I don't let you comment. Yes, that's absolutely right. And it fits in with our strategy. We've talked a lot about demand diversification and the small and medium sized businesses, it is incremental and these are early days, but we like the trajectory and it's really going to diversify our demand well beyond the top 500 advertisers, which is terrific. Operator00:36:30Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Rich Greenfield with Light Shed Partners. Your line is now open. Speaker 1400:36:39Thank you for taking the question. This is sort of a it's one question, but sort of three parts. Humor me for Speaker 1000:36:44a few. Speaker 1400:36:47I'm curious how you think about the lifetime value impact of a Roku active account subscriber who subscribes to at least one of these premium subscription offerings that you're talking a lot about in both your letter and on the call earlier. It feels like once you've subscribed using Roku as your sort of how you subscribe, I would think that has a real lock in effect. But I was wondering if there's anything you've seen in terms of what happens to people getting different devices in the future or not being on active account, and how it changes when they have at least one subscription tied to Roku. And sort of the other side of it is what happens for the provider, whether it's Max or any of your premium subscription partners? What have they do they see much lower churn when they work with Roku? Speaker 1400:37:36I know some have seen higher churn with Amazon. I'm just curious sort of what the experience has been with Roku? And then lastly, just sort of tied into all of this is, do you bundle these subscriptions over time and create your own packages of multiple of these or how do you see that changing over time? Thanks. Speaker 300:37:53Hey, Rich. Thanks for your question. This is Anthony. Let's see. So, I would first of all, I can't really comment on churn rates of different aspects of our business. Speaker 300:38:03I would just say at that on that point, we're very focused on lifetime value, churn, customer experience, and I think we're good at it. I think we understand it quite well. Obviously, we're always trying to get better, but it's a big area of our data science team and analytics. We're focused on our subscription business. We're focused on growing both premium subscriptions and our direct to consumer subscriptions for our app partners. Speaker 300:38:30So, we have teams working on both. We're happy when we get a new subscriber, no matter whether it's a premium subscription or a direct to consumer subscription. I would say they both are generally positive in terms of retention because they both use our Roku Pay billing system. And so it gets to concern in the habit of using our billing system. They'll have a method of payment on file. Speaker 300:38:53But yes, I think in general we aspire to get a higher segment of our customers paying for subscriptions through Roku Pay and through our billing system. It's an area I think of a it's an area of big opportunity for us because I would say if you I mean compared to some of our competitors, we're actually a little bit behind on premium subscriptions. I mean it's a big business for us, but it could be a lot bigger if you compare it to say where some of our competitors are versus other areas of our business where we're well ahead. Most areas of our business were well ahead of our competitors. But this is one area where I think there's opportunity that we're sort of below where we should be and where we will be. Operator00:39:39Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Alan Gould with Loop Capital. Your line is now open. Speaker 1000:39:47Thanks for taking the question. I've got two. One, can you give us an update on what's happening on your international expansion? And secondly, is M and E still a headwind or Speaker 500:40:00are we past the tough comps there? Me throw Speaker 1000:40:02a third one in Dan. Was there Speaker 500:40:03any six zero six adjustment in the quarter? Thank you. Speaker 300:40:10Hey, Alan, thanks for that single three part question. Let's see, international expansion, this is Anthony. I mean, we're doing very pleased with our progress internationally. We're making great progress. I mean, just to remind everyone, the primary markets we're focused on right now is The Americas, North America, Central America, Latin America and The UK. Speaker 300:40:37We're number one. We're the number one senior platform in Canada, Mexico and obviously The U. S. We're growing fast in Latin America generally. Our growth is starting to accelerate in The U. Speaker 300:40:47K. So, we're making good progress in the markets we're focused on. I would say great progress. We do that the normal ways we're focused on lots of new Roku TV partners. We have new Roku TV partners in Brazil, Colombia, Chile and Peru, for example. Speaker 300:41:04In UK, we're expanding the number of Roku TV partners as well as retail distribution partners. I would say internationally in most markets except for maybe Canada, we're still focused primarily on scale of streaming households and less so on monetization, but that will come. And I think last quarter we said we expect to reach 100,000,000 streaming households and in the next twelve to eighteen months we're on track to do that. International is a big part of that. So it's going well. Speaker 300:41:37I don't know if Dan, do you want to add anything on international? Speaker 500:41:39Yes. Let me just I'll just add a little bit to that. As Anthony said, like we're in different stages of our scale and monetization on the international front. He mentioned Canada, where we are actually very focused on monetization. It's growing very well. Speaker 500:41:53We're actually hiring more locally in Canada even to double down in that area. In Mexico, we actually have scale. We've reached scale. I think we're over 40% of broadband penetration in Mexico. And we're really now starting to turn our focus on monetization. Speaker 500:42:08We haven't monetized in any meaningful way there because of the market. And now that we've got the scale, that is going to be a focus point for us going forward. And then in other countries like Brazil and what we'd call the rest of Latin America, we are in our growing scale phase. And so we're not actively in any big way monetizing those areas yet, But all this will come over time and we would expect as both our scale continues to grow and as importantly as these markets move to digital advertising that we're going to be in a great position to take advantage of that, especially given our number one position in like Mexico and other areas of Latin America and South America. So it will take some time. Speaker 500:42:56I would expect that international revenue does become a more meaningful part of our net revenue over time as we continue to build the scale and ultimately get to the monetization side of the business. On M and E, I'll turn it back to Anthony. Speaker 300:43:11You want to take the M and E? Sure. Speaker 1000:43:12Yes. M and A is something we're really good at. We continue to improve the Roku experience units that I mentioned earlier. And actually we've diversified beyond M and A for those units from revenue from non M and E brands, supporting all those Roku experiences on the platform is healthy. And we see a ton of advertisers coming in where it was just M and E before. Speaker 1000:43:39Anthony mentioned the Roku, I mean the marquee video ad. I will say we're not reliant on M and E for business results like we used to. We're not reliant on any one category like we used to be. M and E is going well and we see opportunity for strength in the category going into 2025. Speaker 500:44:05To the last question, I'll take the last question on six zero six. There was a very small six zero six adjustment in Q4. I think I mentioned earlier, like we do not expect six zero six adjustments going forward. Our guide for 2025 does not have any six zero six adjustments in there. Just given the way we've structured our agreements and the accounting policy we apply against them, we don't believe six zero six will be in our numbers on a go forward basis. Speaker 500:44:37Okay. Thanks for taking the questions. Operator00:44:40Thank you. Our last question comes from the line of Barton Crockett with Rosenblatt. Your line is now open. Speaker 1500:44:48Okay, great. Thanks for taking the question. I guess I was curious about some of the news flow overnight. So, one of your business partners, The Trade Desk was talking about some disappointment in their trends and it raises the question about their relationship with you, which you guys have called out last quarter as a source of strength and just this DSP channel generally where there's some competitive kind of gyrations. And I'm just wondering if you could comment on the health of that relationship and the health of DSPs generally with you guys? Speaker 300:45:26Hey, Barton, this is Anthony. I'll just make a comment and I'll turn it over to Charlie, I think. So just in general, I think we have a great relationship with The Trade Desk. I mean, it's a very productive business relationship. We're obviously a very large supplier of ad inventory for the connected TV. Speaker 300:45:45That's important to their business. They're also helping bring us additional demand. So it's a mutually beneficial relationship. I don't really follow Trade Desk and their stocks. I don't know I didn't say I haven't read their earnings. Speaker 300:45:59I'm not sure what's going on there. But I'll just say that I think our relationship is generally good. I mean, we are but we're focused on all demand side platform. We want to be as diversified as possible. Trade Desk is an important partner, but there's lots of other big DSPs out there and we're working with all of them. Speaker 300:46:16So I don't know, Charlie, do you want to Speaker 800:46:18add anything? Yes. Speaker 1000:46:18That's right. We have integrations now with every major demand and supply side platform and we're working really diligently not just to be on them because we've done that, but to optimize those relationship and drive marketer results. So Anthony is right, Trade Desk is a great partner, but not only are we expanding partnerships, we're building deeper integrations with all of them. And this will drive more demand. We're growing the number of advertisers we serve and the types of advertisers we serve. Speaker 1000:46:47And I think you're seeing signs that we're growing share of wallet. Earlier we mentioned the Roku channel being up 82% year over year. So we have a lot of inventory and more importantly, we have a lot of high fidelity signals that make us a great partner, not just for the DSPs, but for agencies and inevitably for marketers, which is the most important. So we'll continue to do more integrations with the DSPs and the SSPs and expand our ability to serve the entire demand curve, as I said earlier, at multiple price points. So really Barton, in the macro, what's happening is that we're driving incremental revenue and partnerships. Speaker 1000:47:26And as we do so, I think you'll see us ensure our inventory is available to advertisers in whichever platforms are easiest and most efficient for them to activate. And you'll see us ensure that our data and our inventory partnerships are optimized, which makes Roku inventory more visible programmatically and all these partnerships are becoming more and more accountable to our clients' needs. So really at the highest level, we're driving better performance for advertisers across all sorts of platform relationships And this should lead to deeper partnerships and more meaningful investment for Roku. Speaker 1500:48:01Okay. And then if I could just ask one other thing, the in the news, trade wars, tariffs, Does this mean anything for you guys? Is there any risk on devices from the tariffs in China? Any impact on advertising flows? I know Ford was cautionary about what steel could do to autos. Speaker 1500:48:22The de minimis could affect e commerce. Are you seeing anything? Speaker 300:48:29Yes, this is Anthony, you commented on that. Let me just also just wrap up on Trade Desk. I'll just say that just in summary, they're a good partner. We enjoy working with them and it's a mutually beneficial relationship. I don't think that's going to change. Speaker 300:48:41In terms of tariffs, I mean, well, I'll just say at a high level, we don't believe tariffs. I mean, there's a lot of different rumors about tariffs or discussions about tariffs, but in general, what we can tell, we don't believe the tariffs will have a material impact on our business. And I'll turn it over to Mostafa to maybe explain in a little more detail why that's the case. Speaker 700:49:06Hi, Barton. This is Mostafa speaking. Look, while tariffs could have a broad impact on the industry in general, we believe the impact on Roku will be minimal. Manufacturing of our first party products is already diversified around the world. So we are not really overly impacted by a single country concentration, for example, China concentration. Speaker 700:49:29And also we believe that higher end TV price actually may need to be raised to compensate for tariffs impact. This actually could move some customers into the value segment where we are really strongly positioned. So we may see some benefit from the tariffs in general. Speaker 500:49:47Yes. And this is Dan Barton. I just want to add to what Mustafa said. From a device perspective, like any impact on our gross Speaker 800:49:54margin related to tariffs, we believe would be immaterial. And we don't Speaker 500:49:54expect any impact on any impact on the platform revenue side of the business. To your point on certain verticals, there's always that possibility that certain verticals are impacted in general, but again, we're very well diversified. Charlie talked a lot about that earlier. So we don't see any issue on the platform side right now as it relates to tariffs. Speaker 1500:50:20Thank you guys. Operator00:50:22Thank you. I would now like to hand the call back over to Anthony Wood for closing remarks. Speaker 300:50:30I'd just like to thank our employees, customers, advertisers and content partners and thank you for listening. Operator00:50:38This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.Read moreRemove AdsPowered by