Alphabet Q4 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

Quartr
Provided by Quartr
January 30, 2024

There are 12 speakers on the call.

Operator

Welcome, everyone. Thank you for standing by for the Alphabet Fourth Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Jim Friedland, Director of Investor Relations, please go ahead.

Speaker 1

Thank you. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to Alphabet's 4th Now I'll quickly cover the safe harbor. Some of the statements that we make today regarding our business, operations and financial performance may be considered forward looking. Such statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially.

Speaker 1

Please refer to our forms 10 ks and 10 Q, including the risk factors discussed in our Coming Form 10 ks filing for the year ended December 31, 2023. We undertake no obligation to update any forward looking statement. During this call, we will present both GAAP and non GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of non GAAP to GAAP measures is included in today's earnings press release, which is distributed and available to the public through our Investor Relations website located at abc.xyzinvestor. Our comments will be on year over year comparisons unless we state otherwise.

Speaker 1

And now I'll turn the call over to Sundar.

Speaker 2

Hello, everyone. Our results reflect strong momentum and product innovation continuing into 2024. Today, I'm going to talk about 4 main topics. 1, our investments in AI, including how it's helping search 2, subscriptions which reached $15,000,000,000 in annual revenue, up 5x since 2019. Subscriptions is growing strongly, powered by YouTube Premium and Music, YouTube TV and Google One.

Speaker 2

3, Cloud, which crossed $9,000,000,000 in revenues this quarter and saw accelerated growth driven by our Gen AI and product leadership. And 4, our investments and focus to meet the growth opportunities ahead. 1st, AI and Search. As you know, we have long led the way in using AI to improve many of our products from search to ads to most of our consumer and enterprise products, helping billions of people already. Last year brought new excitement around Gen AI, and I'm proud of how we responded, Responsibly with deep advances in foundation models and a number of great launches.

Speaker 2

We closed the year by launching the Gemini Era, A new industry leading series of models that will fuel the next generation of advances. Gemini is the first realization of the vision we had when We formed Google DeepMind, bringing together our 2 world class research teams. It's engineered to understand and combine text, images, audio, video and code in a natively multimodal way and it can run on everything from mobile devices to data centers. Gemini gives us a great foundation. It's already demonstrating state of the art capabilities, and it's only going to get better.

Speaker 2

Gemini Ultra is coming soon. The team is already working on the next versions and bringing it to our products. That starts with search. We are already experimenting with Gemini in search where it's making our search and iterative experience or SGE faster for users. We have seen a 40% reduction in latency in English in the U.

Speaker 2

S. I'm happy with what we are seeing in the earliest days of SGE. It's available through Search Labs in 7 languages. By applying generative AI to search, we are able to serve a wider range of information needs and answer new types of questions, including those that benefit from multiple perspectives. People are finding it particularly useful for more complex questions like comparisons or longer queries.

Speaker 2

It's also helpful in areas where people are looking for deeper understanding such as education or even gift ideas. We are improving satisfaction, including answers for more conversational and intricate queries. As I mentioned earlier, We are surfacing more links with SGE and linking to a wider range of sources on the results page, and we'll continue to prioritize approaches that add value for our users and send valuable traffic to publishers. Beyond SGE, we are continuing to use AI to make searching more accessible and intuitive. Circle to Search lets you search what you see on Android phones with a simple gesture without switching apps.

Speaker 2

It's available starting this week on Pixel 8 and Pixel 8 Pro and the new Samsung Galaxy S24 Series. And Lens now offers generative AI overviews. You can add text to a visual search to ask questions about anything you see and get AI powered insights in the moment. In addition to search, we are also seeing a lot of interest in our AI powered solutions for advertisers. That includes our new conversational experience that uses Gemini to accelerate the creation of search campaigns.

Speaker 2

Then there is Board, our conversational AI tool that complements search. It's now powered by Gemini Pro And it's much more capable at things like understanding, summarizing, reasoning, coding and planning. It's now in over 40 languages and over 2 30 countries around the world. Looking ahead, we'll be rolling out an even more advanced version for subscribers powered by Gemini Ultra. That's a good segue to subscriptions.

Speaker 2

As I said earlier, it's now a $15,000,000,000 business annually. YouTube is the key driver of our subscription revenues. Available in over 100 countries and regions, YouTube Music and Premium have real momentum. They're engaging passionate users and driving great returns for the music industry and creators. YouTube TV is also doing well.

Speaker 2

We've had great consumer feedback on the viewing experience. People love the navigation, multi view and unlimited DVR. NFL Sunday Ticket has found its perfect home on YouTube, and Filip will talk about that more. Let me also talk about our subscription service, Google 1. It's doing incredibly well with strong user growth.

Speaker 2

It provides expanded storage, unlocks exclusive features in Google products and allows us to build a strong relationship with our most engaged users. Google One is growing very well, and we are just about to cross 100,000,000 subscribers. From here, we are going to bring in more AI features and look forward to more strong growth to come. Next, Google Cloud. Throughout 2023, we introduced thousands of product advances, including broad Gen AI capabilities across our AI infrastructure, our Vertex AI platform and our new Duvet AI agents.

Speaker 2

In Q4, our product and Gen AI leadership enabled us to win and expand relationships with many leading brands, including Hugging Face, McDonald's, Motorola Mobility and Verizon. Google Cloud offers our AI hypercomputer, a groundbreaking supercomputing architecture that combines our powerful TPUs and GPUs, AI software and multi slice and multi host technology to provide performance and cost advantages for training and serving models. Customers like Anthropic, Character AI, Essential AI and Mistral AI are building and serving models on it. For developers building Gen AI applications, we offer Vertex AI, a comprehensive enterprise AI platform. It helps customers like Deutsche Telekom and Moody's discover, customize, augment and deploy over 130gen AI models, including palm, met palm, secpalm and Gemini as well as popular open source and partner models.

Speaker 2

Vertex AI has seen strong adoption with the API request increasing nearly 6x from H1 to H2 last year. Using Vertex AI, Samsung recently announced its Galaxy S24 Series smartphone with Gemini and Imagine 2, our advanced text to image model. Shutterstock has added Imagine 2 to their AI image generator, enabling users to turn simple text prompts into unique visuals. And Victoria's Secret and Company will look to personalize and improve the customer experience with Gemini, Vertex AI search and conversations. Customers are increasingly choosing Duvet AI, our packaged AI agents for Google Workspace and Google Cloud Platform to boost productivity and improve their operations.

Speaker 2

Since its launch, thousands of companies and more than a 1000000 trusted testers Have used Duvet AI. It will incorporate Gemini soon. In Workspace, Duvet AI is helping employees benefit from improved productivity In Google Cloud Platform, Duvet AI assists software developers and cybersecurity analysts. Duvet AI for developers is the only Jain AI offering to support the complete development and operations lifecycle, fine tuned with the customer's own code corpus and policies. It's helping Wayfair, GE Appliances and Commerce Bank write better software, faster with AI code completion, code generation and chat support.

Speaker 2

With Duet AI and security operations, we are helping cybersecurity teams at Fiserv, Spotify and Pfizer. Our robust growth has been driven by strong direct and indirect channels. With ISVs, we have nearly tripled the number of co sell deals from 2022 to 2023. In our ecosystem, there are 90,000 Google Cloud Gen AI enabled consultants and Accenture has teamed up with Google Cloud to create a joint Generative AI Center of Excellence. Next, let me turn to our focus and discipline as we pursue the opportunities ahead.

Speaker 2

Search, YouTube and Cloud are supported by our state of the art compute infrastructure. This infrastructure is also key to realizing our big AI ambitions. It's a major differentiator for us. We continue to invest responsibly in our data centers and compute to support this new wave of growth in AI powered services for us and for our customers. Through this, we are being disciplined in how we run the company.

Speaker 2

You've heard me talk our efforts to durably reengineer our cost base and to improve our velocity and efficiency. That work continues. Teams are working to focus on key priorities and execute fast, removing layers and simplifying their organizational structures. As just one example, our devices team has brought together different teams from across Nest, Fitbit and other teams into a new functional structure. This will help us pool resources and drive progress across our Pixel portfolio.

Speaker 2

Across different teams, we have wound down some non priority projects, which will help us invest and operate well in our growth areas. We are also improving our machine utilization, building on our years of experience and driving cost efficiencies in our computing infrastructure and operations. And through our supplier efficiency efforts and automation of certain processes, we have made major improvements in areas like procurement achieving significant savings. That's a snapshot of the quarter. Before I close, a couple of other highlights.

Speaker 2

Pixel 8, our AI first phone was awarded Phone of the Year by numerous outlets. It now uses Gemini Nano with features like Magic Compose for Google Messages and more to come. In our Other Bets portfolio of companies Waymo, which is deeply focused on safety, reached over 1,000,000 fully autonomous ride hailing trips. And Isomorphic Labs entered into strategic partnerships with Eli Lilly and Novartis to apply AI to treat diseases, which has great potential. 2023 was a year of profound innovation and product momentum.

Speaker 2

Thank you to our many partners. We succeed when our partners do, And we are grateful for the work we do together. From our partners across the Android ecosystem who are on display at CES to our deep relationships with retailers, small businesses and advertising partners to the next generation of AI startups and developers and many more. I also want to thank all of our employees for their hard work throughout 2023 and the start of the new year. I'm excited for what's ahead in 2024.

Speaker 2

Philip?

Speaker 3

Thanks, Sundar, and hi, everyone. Google Services revenues of $76,000,000,000 were up 12% year on year. In Google Advertising, search and other revenues grew 13% year on year, led again by solid growth in the retail vertical. We had particular strength in retail in APAC, a trend that began in the Q2 of 2023 and continued through the end of the year. YouTube Ads revenue were up 16% year on year, driven by growth in both direct response and brand.

Speaker 3

Network revenues declined 2% year on year. In subscriptions, platforms and devices, which was previously named Google Other, Year on year revenues increased 23%, driven by strong growth in subscriptions. Now for some color on the quarter where we see continued upside for long term advertising growth. Over the last few calls, I have consistently highlighted how we're putting Google AI to work for our customers to deliver profitability and help them achieve their goals in a do more with less environment. From a product perspective, in Q4, Performance Max remained a bright spot.

Speaker 3

We're also excited about demand gen momentum. This is our big bet to help social advertisers Find and convert consumers via immersive, relevant visual creatives across YouTube, including YouTube Shorts, Gmail and Discover. In a single campaign, you get access to over 3,000,000,000 users as they stream, scroll, connect and decide what to buy. Tens of thousands of advertisers are testing and, on average, seeing 6% more conversions per dollar versus image only ads and discovery campaigns. As we look ahead, we're also starting to put generative AI in the hands of more and more businesses to help them build better campaigns and even better performing ads.

Speaker 3

Automatically created assets help advertisers show more relevant search ads by creating tailored headlines and descriptions based on each ad's context. Adoption was up with strong feedback in Q4. In addition to now being available in 8 languages, more advanced Gen AI powered capabilities are coming to ACA. And then last week's big news was that Gemini will power a new conversational experience in Google Ads. This is open beta to U.

Speaker 3

S. And U. K. Advertisers. Early tests show advertisers are building higher quality search campaigns with less effort, especially SMBs, who are 42% more likely to publish a campaign with good or excellent ad strength.

Speaker 3

We can't wait to see how this continues to drive performance and level the playing field for advertisers of all sizes. As we shared last quarter, ads will continue to play an important role in the new search experience and will continue to experiment with new formats native to SGE. Sg is creating new opportunities for us to improve commercial journeys for people by showing relevant ads alongside search results. We've also found that people are finding ads either above or below the AI powered overview helpful as they provide useful options for people to take and connect with businesses. Looking at our strong search performance for the Q4, retail was a highlight.

Speaker 3

We continue to see a stronger start to the season, up to and including Cyber5. In Q3, we indicated that we were seeing early of consumers being very price conscious, and we saw this play out in Q4. With promotional demand at an all time high, deal seekers using Google had access to 2 times the deals in the U. S. Versus last season as well as a better shopping experience.

Speaker 3

Launches included a one stop shop deals destination, New filters like Get It Fast and AI generated gifting recommendations in SGE. These new features drove incremental query growth during key shopping moments like Cyber 5. Our proven AI powered ad solutions were also a win for retailers looking to Accelerate omni growth and capture holiday demand. Quick examples include a large U. S.

Speaker 3

Big box retailer who drove a 60% -plus increase in omni ROAS and a 22% -plus increase in store traffic using Performance Max during Cyber 5. And a well known global fashion brand, who drove a 15% plus higher omnichannel conversion rate versus regular shopping traffic by showcasing its store pickup offering across top markets through pickup later on shopping ads. Moving on to YouTube. We're obviously pleased with YouTube's advertising revenue growth in Q4 and also significant growth in our subscription revenue. I'll reiterate what I have said before.

Speaker 3

YouTube's success starts with creator success. We give millions of creators more ways create content and connect with fans and more ways to make money and build their own businesses than any other platform. More creators means more content, which leads to more viewers. And via ads and subscriptions, these viewers fund our creators and drive the eyeballs and engagement our advertisers want. To keep this momentum going, we're focused on delivering value across 4 pillars: creation, viewers, monetization and responsibility.

Speaker 3

1st, Creation, which increasingly takes place on mobile devices. We've invested in a full suite of tools, including our new YouTube Create app for Shorts to help people make everything from 15 second shorts to 15 minute videos to 15 hour live streams with a production studio in the palm of their hands. Gen AI is supercharging these capabilities. Anyone with a phone can swap in a new backdrop, remove background extras, translate their video into dozens of languages, all without a big studio budget. We're excited about our first products in this area From Dream Screen for AI generated backgrounds to allowed for AI powered dubbing, there's more to come.

Speaker 3

Number 2, viewers. We continue to grow watch time across YouTube with strong growth in Shorts and Connected TV. Shorts remains a top priority. We have 2,000,000,000 plus logged in users every month, and we are averaging 70,000,000,000 in daily views. Connected TVs, or what we refer to as the living room, is where viewership is growing the fastest.

Speaker 3

We're investing to make this experience even better with interactive features tailored to TVs Plus, the content people love, our creators, NFL Sunday Ticket and a range of live sports and studio content via YouTube TV and Primetime Channels. Put this all together and YouTube is the must have app on every connected TV. Monetization is pillar number 3 and realized through a combination of ad supported and subscription offerings. Advertising generates the bulk of our revenue, and we continue to invest heavily here. We've rolled out CTV first formats like 32nd non skippable ads and pause experiences as well as an industry first Send to phone experience that lets people use a second screen to engage with ads.

Speaker 3

For Shorts, we've developed new formats that are less interruptive to viewers. It's early. We're learning, but excited by the opportunities for ads this can unlock. Shorts monetization continues to progress nicely. Our AI powered video formats from video reach and video view campaigns to demand gen and video action continue to make advertiser dollars go further and drive results across the funnel.

Speaker 3

We're also introducing new and existing advertisers to YouTube via sports content. 90 plus upfront and scatter advertisers, including Unilever, are partnering with YouTube in our 1st year NFL's Sunday ticket in game advertising opportunities. Our subscription offerings are also growing at a healthy clip. YouTube Music and Premium performed well. Premium users are delivering more value to our partners and YouTube than even ad supported users do.

Speaker 3

On average, each additional premium sign up boosts earnings for creators, music and media partners and YouTube itself. And we've made Premium even more attractive with new features, bundles and other enhancements. We're also pleased with our 1st season of NFL Sunday Ticket. It gave creators new opportunities to create content and feed user engagement across traditional user content and professional sports content. Feedback on the user experience, including multi view, has been great.

Speaker 3

We're excited to continue to innovate here. Responsibility is our 4th pillar and it underlines everything we do across YouTube. We continue to focus relentlessly on this. As always, deepening our relationships with key partners to bring them the best of Google is a key priority for us, and we continue to do this across industries in Q4. We just talked about the NFL.

Speaker 3

Sundar mentioned Samsung among others earlier. Another highlight was our expanded partnership with Porsche to enhance customers' digital experiences with a deeper in vehicle integration of Google built in services, including Google Maps and Play. Whether it's continued collaboration with our partners and key ecosystems or putting Google AI to work for more customers, I'm excited about the opportunities for continued impact in 2024. I'll wrap with a huge note of gratitude to our customers and partners. Our success is only possible because of their success.

Speaker 3

And then to our Googlers for their outstanding work and focus this year. Ruth, over to you.

Speaker 4

Thank you, Philip. We are very pleased with our full year results with 2023 Alphabet revenues of 307,000,000,000 up 9% versus 2022, which added $25,000,000,000 to revenues for the year. We ended with a Strong Q4 with consolidated revenues of $86,300,000,000 up 13% versus last year in both reported and constant currency. Search remained the largest contributor to revenue growth. My comments will be on year over year comparisons for the Q4 unless I state otherwise.

Speaker 4

Total cost of revenues was $37,600,000,000 up 6%. Other cost of revenues was $23,600,000,000 Up 5% with the increase driven primarily by content acquisition costs associated with YouTube subscription offerings. The growth rate also reflects the offsetting benefit of lapping $1,200,000,000 in inventory related charges that we called out in the Q4 last year as well as a reduction in depreciation expense due to changes in estimated useful lives we made starting in the Q1 of 2023. In terms of total expenses, the year on year comparisons reflect $1,200,000,000 in exit charges that we took in the Q4 of 2023 in connection with actions to optimize our global office space. As you can see in our earnings release, these charges were allocated across the expense lines in other cost of revenues and OpEx based on associated headcount.

Speaker 4

Operating expenses were $25,000,000,000 up 11%, primarily reflecting an increase in R and D expenses which were driven by the real estate charges followed by compensation. Operating income was $23,700,000,000 up 30% And our operating margin was 27%. Net income was $20,700,000,000 and EPS was a $1.64 We delivered free cash flow of 7,900,000,000 which was affected by the timing of the $10,500,000,000 tax payment we made on October 16th that we called out previously related to the deferral of certain tax payments to the Q4. For the full year 2023 free cash flow was $69,000,000,000 We repurchased a total of 62,000,000,000 of our Class A and Class C shares in 2023 and ended the year with 111,000,000,000 in cash and marketable securities. Turning to segment results.

Speaker 4

Within Google Services, revenues were $76,300,000,000 up 12%. Google search and other advertising revenues of 48,000,000,000 in the quarter were up 13% led again by growth in retail. YouTube advertising revenues of 9,200,000,000 were up 16% driven by both direct response and brand advertising. Network advertising revenues of $8,300,000,000 were down 2%. Subscriptions, platforms and devices revenues, which we previously referred to as other revenues were 10,800,000,000 up 23% primarily reflecting growth Revenues.

Speaker 4

TAC was $14,000,000,000 up 8%. Google Services operating income was $26,700,000,000 up 32% and the operating margin was 35%. Turning to the Google Cloud segment. Revenues were $9,200,000,000 for the quarter, up 26%. We're very pleased with momentum of GCP with an increasing contribution from AI Google Workspace also delivered Strong revenue growth primarily driven by increases in average revenue per seat.

Speaker 4

Google Cloud delivered rating income of 864000000 and an operating margin of 9%. As to our Other Bets For the full year 2023 revenues were 1,500,000,000 and the operating loss was 4,100,000,000. Results in the 4th quarter benefited from a milestone payment in 1 of the Other Bets. Turning to our outlook for the business. With respect to Google Services, 1st within advertising.

Speaker 4

We were pleased with the sequential revenue growth of Search and YouTube Advertising throughout 20 23, which reflects the extraordinary work across our teams to drive improved experiences for users and attractive ROI for advertisers. As we enter 2024 with advertising revenues of more than 100,000,000,000 higher than 20 19 We remain focused on sustaining healthy growth on this larger base. 2nd, within subscriptions, platforms and devices, Our total revenues from subscription products reached $15,000,000,000 for the full year 2023 driven primarily by substantial growth in subscribers for our YouTube subscription offerings. The substantial increase in our subscription revenues over the past few years demonstrates the ability of our teams to deliver high value add offerings And provides a strong base on which to build including through YouTube and newer services like Google 1. Play had solid growth again in the 4th quarter driven primarily by an increase in the number of buyers.

Speaker 4

In devices, we continue to make sizable investments with increased emphasis on our Pixel family, particularly with AI powered innovation while driving further efficiencies across the portfolio. Turning to Google Cloud. We are pleased with operating performance in the year. Full year revenues of 33,000,000,000 were up 26% versus prior year ending with strong Q4 performance. The Cloud team is intensely focused on bringing the benefits of Gemini, our industry leading AI technology To enterprises and governments globally and we are gratified with the level of engagement.

Speaker 4

The strong demand we are seeing for our vertically integrated AI portfolio is creating new opportunities for Google Cloud across every product area. In terms of profitability, the improvement in 2023 Reflects sustained focus across the team with the intent to maintain healthy profitability while we continue to invest to support long term growth. Turning to margins and expenses. As we have repeatedly stressed, we remain committed to our framework to durably reengineer our cost base as we invest to support our growth priorities. Key contributors to moderating our expense growth include: First product and process prioritization to ensure we have the right resources behind our most important opportunities and to reallocate resources where we can.

Speaker 4

2nd organizational efficiency and structure. We're focused on removing layers to simplify execution and drive velocity both product prioritization And the organization design efforts result in a slower pace of hiring as you can see with our headcount down year on year Reflecting the reductions we announced in the Q1 of 2023 and a much slower pace of hiring. We will continue to invest in top technical and engineering talent. Finally, we continue to execute the other work streams to slow expense growth including improving efficiency in our technical infrastructure, streamlining operations across Alphabet through the use of AI, increasing efficiency of our spend with suppliers and vendors through our central procurement organization and optimizing our real estate portfolio. With respect to CapEx, our reported CapEx in the 4th quarter was $11,000,000,000 driven overwhelmingly by investment in our infrastructure with the largest component for servers followed by data centers.

Speaker 4

The step up in CapEx in Q4 Reflects our outlook for the extraordinary applications of AI to deliver for users, advertisers, developers, Cloud enterprise customers and governments globally and the long term growth opportunities that offers. In 2024, We expect investment in CapEx will be notably larger than in 2023. With regard to Other Bets, We've been working to sharpen our investment focus while capturing the upside given compelling technology breakthroughs across the portfolio. For example last week, Alphabet's X announced that it would be moving to spin out more projects as independent companies through external capital, Giving X the opportunity to bring more focus to the breakthrough technologies it is working on to address some of the world's most pressing challenges. Thank you.

Speaker 4

Sundar, Philip and I will now take your questions.

Operator

Thank you. And our first question comes from Brian Nowak with Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open.

Speaker 5

Great. Thanks for taking my questions. I have 2 for Philip. Philip, the first one is about sort of a lot of the new Generative AI advertising tools, you obviously have a lot of irons in the fire here even talking about some of the early momentum with tens of thousands of advertisers. The question is, can you sort of walk us through some of the hurdles and gating factors that we should be thinking through that dictate the pace I wish these tools can really be rolled out broadly, just so we and advertisers are trying to get an understanding for when they could have a bigger impact on the whole business.

Speaker 5

And then secondly, how do you think about the long term sales force intensity of the advertising business As you roll more AI based tools like Pmax impacting the overall ad allocation? Thanks.

Speaker 3

Yes. Thank you. Thank you so much. So I've covered this a little bit on previous quarters. AI has been at the core of our advertising products for a very, very long time.

Speaker 3

And the recent advances are really allowing us to drive more value For advertisers across a large range of different areas, bidding, targeting, creative as well As our core advertiser and publisher experiences, we are seeing in core search ads, for example, the bidding side, the value based bidding as a very FIGN1 on the targeting side, the broad match on creatives, responsive search ads automatically created Ads assets. And we're very happy with the progress we're seeing in those areas. I think I mentioned in one of the previous calls that one you asked about hurdles and gating factors. The AI essentials play a huge role in this, trying to get everybody ready to really take full advantage of those tools. We talked about the progress on Pemax as well that we were very happy with in Q4.

Speaker 3

So overall, I think we are on track what we're expecting here. On the sales force intensity side, we have done a few reallocations or let me call it portfolio adjustments. As you know, we have 2 Large different teams. 1 is our LCS, a large customer solutions team that's really focused on transformational growth for our largest and most sophisticated customers. And we have our We call them GCS, Global Customer Solutions Team, which is the channel where really every customer starts from some of our largest customers now to also the millions of smaller ones and SMBs.

Speaker 3

The GCS is really then scaling growth by dynamically delivering really the right treatment for every customer. And important to note, it's also our fastest growing channel and it delivered particularly strong growth in Q4. So we have done adjustments here focus more resources on the GCS side. But I also want to be clear, when we restructure, there's always an opportunity to be more efficient and smarter In how we service and grow our customers, we're not restructuring because AI is taking away roles. That's important here.

Speaker 3

But we see significant opportunities here with our AI powered solution to actually deliver incredible ROI at scale, and that's why we're doing some of those adjustments. So I look at sales force intensity as a stronger focus going forward on the channels I mentioned here.

Operator

Our next question comes from Doug Amluth with JPMorgan. Your line is now open.

Speaker 6

Thanks for taking the questions. One for Ruth and one for Philip. Ruth, you're now into year 2 of durably reengineering your cost structure. Can you just help us assess your progress so far? And Are there any guideposts that we should be thinking about going forward?

Speaker 6

And then Philip, can you talk more about NFL Sunday Ticket and just What your key learnings were in year 1? How are you thinking about the returns on the investment on both from an advertising perspective and then also subscribers to both Sunday Ticket and YouTube TV? Thanks.

Speaker 4

Thanks for the question. So we are Very pleased with the progress we're continuing to make and we are very committed to the framework to durably reengineer our cost base Really as we're investing to support the growth priorities, I tried to call out a number of them in opening comments. But really as you're looking at The work being done across Google, across Alphabet, it does start with product and process prioritization to make Sure, we've got the right resources behind the most important opportunities and then that creates the opportunity for reallocating resources where we can. Then we talked a lot about this quarter about, organizational efficiency and structure, and we're focused on removing layers to simplify execution and drive Velocity, the combination of those 2, product prioritization and organizational design work has resulted in the slower pace of hiring. You can see that In our headcount, number is down year on year.

Speaker 4

You can see it in some of the results that we delivered in the 4th quarter. And it also goes to the announcements around 1st quarter and much lower pace of hiring. At this point in the quarter, we do estimate that severance related expense will be roughly $700,000,000 in the Q1 as we've continued these efforts. But as I said in opening comments, we will continue to invest in top engineering. So that's sort of the big one if you start with product prioritization and organizational design, which is why I also Made the note about the severance related expense, which helps pave the way as we're continuing to do the work that we're doing.

Speaker 4

But then we have a host of other Work streams, which I talked about, everything with improving efficiency in our technical infrastructure, which is a very large ongoing effort, Streamlining operations across Alphabet through use of AI, all the work we're doing with our suppliers and vendors, the work we're doing optimizing our Real estate portfolio. So when we've described durably reengineering, it's about continuing to build on work that started and that is ongoing.

Speaker 3

So on the NFL Sunday Ticket side, look, as I said earlier, NFL Sunday Tickets supports our long term Strategy and really helps solidify YouTube's position as a must have app on everyone's TV set. You asked about some of the learnings. Maybe I started with the viewing experience. We've received great feedback so far. People like the navigation, multi view, the chat, the lack of latency.

Speaker 3

Really, really positive feedback on this one. You asked about the ads and the subs. Maybe I'll start with the subscribers. We're pleased with the NFL Sunday ticket sign ups in our 1st season, both As part of the YouTube TV bundle and as a standalone offering on YouTube Primetime Channels, remember, you can access them via both. Nothing more to On the subside today on this one, on the ad side, as you know, advertisers can buy from an NFL lineup as part of our YouTube Select portfolio.

Speaker 3

And this actually allows advertisers to reach football fans across YouTube's pretty unique breadth of NFL content independently of whether you're doing live NFL games or on YouTube TV or primetime channels or watching NFL highlights or postgame commentary on YouTube channels, And we saw solid demand across the ad market around our YouTube Sunday ticket offering here. We're excited about the partnership ahead or the partnerships ahead. This is our 1st season. I mentioned over 90 upfront and scatter advertisers partnered with YouTube in our 1st year across NFL's on the ticket in game opportunities, which we really appreciate.

Speaker 6

Thank you, both.

Operator

Our next question comes from Eric Sheridan with Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open.

Speaker 7

Thank you for taking the questions. 2 if I could. Sundar, a bigger picture question coming back to your comments earlier in the call on search Generative experience, when you think about the evolution of product over the next couple of years, how do you envision more traditional search and things like the Google Assistant continue to evolve in a world of search generative experience and Bard and what that might mean for elements of commercial and non commercial search and how use cases might change in the years ahead. And then Ruth, I just want to make sure we understood some of the messaging from the release and the public comments around one timers in the quarter self, it seems as if they were not allocated to the segments, but are more elements of other bets and Alphabet level activities. I just want to confirm where elements of those one timers were captured in the P and L statement and whether there were also any elements of legal one timers that would be called out this quarter as well?

Speaker 7

Thank you.

Speaker 2

Thanks, Eric. Great question. Look, it is an exciting time. Clearly, as I said, In as we are incorporating SG and A in the product, the early feedback is positive. And we've been iterating on it.

Speaker 2

And it clearly works for certain type of queries very well. We are expanding the set of queries where it works very well. It definitely is answering a certain category of queries for the first time in a better way. So that gives us direction to proceed as well. Overall, one of the things I think people underestimate about search is the breadth of search, the amount of queries we see constantly on a new day which we haven't seen before.

Speaker 2

And so the trick here is to deliver that high quality experience across the breadth of what we see in search. And over time, we think Assistant will be very complementary, and we will again use Generative AI there, particularly with our most advanced models and board, allows us to act more like an agent over time, if I were to think about the future, and maybe go beyond answers and follow through for users even more. So that is the Directionally, what the opportunity set is, obviously, a lot of execution ahead. But it's an area where I think we have a deep sense of what to do and all the work we have taken so far, the feedback has been super positive.

Speaker 4

And then in terms of Your other question, so on the real estate charge, the $1,200,000,000 in exit charges related to real estate, that is in Alphabet level activities. But the other comment I was making in opening comments is when you go through the various line items, R and D, etc, You see it spread there and we have a table and IR can walk anybody through the technicals on that just to understand how it then gets arrayed across the various lines in the P and L.

Operator

Our next question comes from Michael Nathanson with MoffettNathanson. Your line is now open.

Speaker 8

Thanks. I have 2 for Philip, I think. Given the importance of connected TV engagement in YouTube, Can you talk about the opportunity outside the U. S. For Connected TV and what the company is doing at large to drive more adoption Of YouTube or connected TVs, given the Google operating systems, anything you talk about outside the U.

Speaker 8

S? And then you've been consistent about the strength of Shorts Over the past year, you talk a bit about the monetization challenges. Do you still see the headwinds that you saw at the beginning? Anything you could share about the density of the auction or advertising interest on shorts. So help us with whether or not that's still a headwind to growth.

Speaker 8

Thanks so much.

Speaker 3

Yes. Thank you so for your question. On the Connected TV side, I mentioned it actually continues to perform really well. I said before, YouTube is the leader in U. S.

Speaker 3

Streaming watch time, and it's not just one audience group diving deep. It's really all audiences. On the international side, it's something we are closely looking at. There's nothing specific I have to add at this moment in time on this one. On the Shorts monetization side, look, we built Shorts to respond to the huge demand from both creators and viewers for Short form video, and we're very pleased with the growth we've seen.

Speaker 3

I mentioned 2,000,000,000 plus Stockton users every month, 70,000,000,000 in daily views. Specifically to the monetization question, Shorts monetization continues to progress nicely. In fact, actually, since we introduced revenue sharing for Shorts, The total Creator earnings generated from Shorts have increased every month, and we expect this to continue. And similar obviously to our long form video, really committed here to a long term partnership and you heard me say this before, right, when creators succeed, we succeed.

Speaker 8

Thanks, Philip.

Operator

Our next question comes from Stephen Ju with UBS. Please go your line is now open.

Speaker 8

Okay. Thank you so much. So Philip, this is not a new question, but It's also been about 2 years since PMABS was launched, but it seems like there has been this long lineage of product development and rollout of things like Smart bidding in your history, which I believe at the time was designed to help smaller advertisers more easily run search advertising. And today, you're helping me generate creative as well as manage my spend and maximize ROI across multiple Google surfaces. So, how are you feeling about Enabling SMBs who otherwise could not advertise with you before?

Speaker 8

And what kind of TAM expansion tailwind does that create for your revenue growth over the longer term? Thanks.

Speaker 3

Look, as you know, SMBs are a huge focus for us. We mentioned this several times before. They're part of our GCS channel. Not only there's more in this, but They've been under a ton of change over the last few years, and our focus has always been here on investing in solutions that really help level the playing field. And you mentioned several of those.

Speaker 3

So actually, SMBs can compete with bigger brands and more sophisticated advertisers. And so the feedback we're always getting is they need easy solutions that drive value quickly and several of the AI port solutions that you're mentioning are actually making the workflow and the whole on ramp and the bit of targeting creative and so on. You mentioned that so much easier for SMPs. So we're very satisfied with what we're seeing here. We will continue to invest.

Speaker 3

And I feel AI is really helpful, very interesting future path to make life not only easier but also much more productive and better ROIs over time, more level playing field for SMBs.

Speaker 9

Thank you.

Operator

Our next question comes from Justin Post with BAML. Your line is now open.

Speaker 10

Great. Maybe one for Sundar and one for Ruth. Just on search growth, I think there are concerns on use of competitive AI tools as an alternative to search. Just wondering if you've seen any changes in query volumes positive or negative since you've seen the year evolve and more search generated experiences and what can really make Google stand out versus other AI tools. And then Ruth, CapEx was $11,000,000,000 a step up, obviously.

Speaker 10

Any one time items in there? Or is that how we should think about the new run rate in 2024? Thank you.

Speaker 2

Thanks, Justin. First of all, look, we think about FX on search, obviously, more broadly. People have a lot of information choices. And so And user expectations are constantly evolving, and so we've been doing this for a long time. And I think what ends up mattering is a strong continuous track record of innovation.

Speaker 2

Obviously, generative is a new tool in the arsenal, but there's a lot more that goes into search, the breadth, the depth, The diversity across verticals, the ability to follow through, getting actually access to rich diverse sources of content on the web putting it all together in a compelling way. And I think through the year 2, when we test, we test our generative experience, particularly against everything that's out there, and we can see the progress we are making and how much users are liking the experience better. And so I think feel very good about the progress. And our road map for 2024 is strong, both on the search and the underlying AI progress, including the model. So I'm pretty excited about what's ahead of us in 'twenty four.

Speaker 4

And with respect to CapEx, the CapEx of $11,000,000,000 in the 4th quarter, as indicated, was Forwhelmingly investment in our technical infrastructure, to your question, there was no one time item in there. It really reflects Is our outlook for everything Sundar and Villeba and I have been talking about the extraordinary applications of AI within Google DeepMind, Google Services, Google Cloud, it's the board for users, for advertisers, developers, Cloud enterprise customers, governments and it's really the long term opportunity that offer. So last quarter, we did note that CapEx would continue to grow in 2024. We do expect 2024 Full year CapEx to be notably larger than 2023. As a note, I think you all know this, but timing of cash payments can affect the quarterly CapEx number, but the main point is we're continuing to invest.

Operator

Our next question comes from Ross Sandler with Barclays. Your line is now open.

Speaker 9

Great. Thanks. So I guess question for I don't know if Sundar or Philip, but If we go back to the DOJ trial that happened in the fall, there was a document that was disclosed from Google that said something along the lines of Why leaning on ad quality team to deliver 20% RPM growth in search is a fragile strategy? Dating back to 2019, your business has, I think, more than doubled since then. So I guess as we sit here today in early 2024, how do you feel about Google's ability to drive search RPM Going forward and I guess in the context of what Ruth said tonight about the large revenue base, just how do you feel about

Speaker 2

Look, I think I have tremendous confidence in the quality driven, both our work, be it search quality, ads quality, our improvements on search, our improvements on ads RPM, all two foundational pillars are extraordinary focus on ads quality so that we deliver the actual ROI to advertisers and improve the experience for users and all underpinned by rigor and technical excellence and go to market excellence, right? So the fundamental attributes don't change. I think AI gives us opportunity both on the organic side as well as on the monetization side, and I think we are in the early days of it. I think we'll be able to, taking a long term view, serve information needs in a deeper way. And so I think about it in that with long term context, and I'm pretty excited about what's ahead.

Operator

And our last question will be from Mark Mahaney with Evercore. Your line is now open.

Speaker 11

Okay, thanks. One question on YouTube AI and 1 on Cloud. On Cloud First, there's just this volatility, this material deceleration last quarter and then nice reacceleration this quarter. Is that explained by where we are in the optimization cycle and it may be generative AI workloads starting to trickle in now and cause that growth curve to bend back up. Any commentary just on the sort of the volatility, the deceleration and the reacceleration that we've seen?

Speaker 11

And then, Philip, I want to ask on the creative side and particularly on YouTube and ads and the creative using AI to improve The creative and really to offer SMBs who have been with Google forever, but offer them now performance based video ad campaigns Created by AI, is that kind of a new growth area? How far along are you in terms of offering this out into the market?

Speaker 8

You.

Speaker 2

Thanks, Mark. On Cloud, let me take that. First of all, a combination of factors, I think definitely excitement around the AI solutions on top of our foundational pillar B, data analytics, infrastructure, security, etcetera. But AI is definitely something which is Driving interest and early adoption. And as you saw that greater than 70% of Gen AI unicorns are using Google Cloud.

Speaker 2

And so I think it's an area where our strengths will continue to play out as we go through 'twenty four, especially when I look at the innovation ahead from us on the AI front. And second, I think there are regional variations, but the Cost optimizations in many parts are something we have mostly worked through, and I think that was a contributing factor as well.

Speaker 3

So on your YouTube question, maybe let me start with a general view. YouTube's mission, you know, has enabled millions of creators around the world to share their voice and with audiences and obviously build thriving businesses here. And AI has been a very critical piece of this already. You are obviously aware of the made On YouTube announcement, where we introduced a whole lot of new complementary creativity features on YouTube, including Dream Screen, for example, And a lot of other really interesting tools and thoughts. You can obviously imagine that we can take this more actively to the advertising world already.

Speaker 3

As you know, it continues already to power AI a lot of our video ad solutions and measurement Capabilities, it's part of video reach campaigns. Multi format ads are actually, there is generative Creator music, that actually makes it easier for creators to design the perfect soundtrack already. And as I said earlier, AI will unlock a new world of creativity. And you can see how this will if you just look at where models are heading, where multimodal models are heading, where the generation capabilities models are heading, you can absolutely see how this will impact and positively impact and simplify the flow for creators similar to what you you're already emerging in some of our core products like ACA on the search side.

Speaker 11

Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. And that concludes our question and answer session for today. I'd like to turn the conference back over to Jim Friedland for any further remarks.

Speaker 1

Thanks, everyone, for joining us today. We look forward to speaking with you again on our Q1 2024 call. Thank you, and have a good evening.

Operator

Thank you, everyone. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.

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Alphabet Q4 2023
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