James Saccaro
Chief Financial Officer at Baxter International
Thanks, Joe, and good morning, everyone. As Joe mentioned, we're pleased with our fourth quarter results, particularly in light of ongoing pandemic and global supply chain disruptions that we experienced during the quarter. Fourth quarter 2021 global sales of $3.5 billion advanced 10% on a reported basis, 12% on a constant currency basis and 4% operationally. Sales came in at the high end of our guidance range, which is in line with commentary we shared in early January and underscores the essential nature and durability of our portfolio.
Sales growth this quarter reflects the benefits of revenues associated with the manufacturing of COVID vaccines, strength in medication delivery, renal care, OUS sales of Caelyx/Doxil, which totaled approximately $35 million in the quarter and a contribution of $212 million from Hill-Rom. On the bottom line, adjusted earnings increased 30% to $1.04 per share results in the quarter reflected a contribution of $0.08 per share from Hill-Rom inclusive of incremental interest expenses related to the transaction, as well as unplanned foreign exchange losses totaling $0.04 and higher than expected freight costs of $0.05. As Joe mentioned, we incurred significant expedited freight costs late in the quarter as cases of COVID-19 surged.
Now, I'll walk through performance by our regional segments and key product categories. Starting with sales by operating segment, sales in the Americas increased 5% on both at constant currency and operational basis. Sales in Europe, Middle East and Africa grew 5% on a constant currency basis and 1% operationally. And sales in our APAC region advanced 6% on a constant currency basis and 5% on an operational basis. As Clare mentioned Hill-Rom's financial results were reported as a new operating segment in addition to Baxter's existing three geographic segments.
Moving onto performance by key product category note that for this quarter, constant currency growth is equal to operational sales growth for all global businesses except for our pharmaceuticals business, for which we will provide both constant currency and operational growth, adjusting for the acquisition of rights in select territories outside the U.S. for Caelyx/Doxil. Global sales for renal care were $1 billion, increasing 4% on a constant currency basis. Performance in the quarter was driven by global growth in both our HD and PD businesses. PD benefited from year-over-year improvement in global patient volumes despite persistent pressures from increased mortality rates in ESRD patients, delays in new patient diagnoses and market-wide staffing shortages. Patient growth improved sequentially throughout the year, with Q4 representing the highest patient growth in 2021.
Renal Care sales in the quarter also benefited from mid single-digit growth in our HD business, primarily driven by increased international sales of dialyzers. We expect a higher mortality rate and delays in new patient diagnoses resulting from the pandemic will continue to somewhat dampen the rate of new patient growth in 2022, although we do anticipate these rates to improve from 2021 levels. Sales in medication delivery of $784 million increased 6% on a constant currency basis. Strong global growth in this business reflects continued recovery in the pace of hospital admissions compared to pre-COVID levels as well as increased demand for large volume infusion pumps and small volume parenterals.
For the year, we estimate that U.S. hospital admissions were down mid-single-digits compared to pre-COVID levels. Pharmaceutical sales of $604 million advanced 8% on a constant currency basis and 2% operationally. Performance in the quarter was driven by demand for our international pharmacy compounding business, growth in anaesthesia as our international markets continue to recover from COVID-19 and the contribution from OUS sales of Caelyx/Doxil. This growth was partially offset by declines in our U.S. generic injectables portfolio business related to lower surgical procedures and increased competitive activity for certain molecules.
Moving to clinical nutrition, total sales of $249 million increasing 4% on a constant currency basis. Performance in the quarter was driven by the benefit of new product launches within our broad multi-chamber product offering. Sales in advanced surgery were $255 million or flat on a constant currency basis. Within the quarter, we saw strong growth in some of our international businesses, but this was offset by performance in the U.S. as surgical procedures, particularly in the second half of December came in below our expectations due to the impact from pandemic along with staffing shortages.
Sales in our acute therapies business were $202 million declined 7% on a constant currency basis, reflecting a challenging year-over-year comparison. Despite this, performance in the quarter did exceed our expectations as we continue to see elevated demand for CRRT given the rise in COVID cases associated with new variant. BioPharma solutions sales in the quarter were $145 million, representing growth of 30% on a constant currency basis, reflecting incremental sales related to the manufacturing of COVID vaccines, which totaled approximately $50 million in the quarter, while our results only include Hill-Rom's financial results for the final 19 days of the quarter for transparency and completeness we're providing some sales commentary for Hill-Rom's full quarter ended December 31, which would have represented there first quarter of fiscal year 2022.
Unaudited Hill-Rom sales for the full quarter were $724 million. Sales in the quarter reflect a difficult comparison from prior-year period following the exit of the international surgical OEM business as well as significant supply constraints, which impacted Hill-Rom's ability to ship products within the quarter. Moving to the rest of the P&L, our adjusted gross margin of 44.3% increased by 290 basis points over the prior year, reflecting the favorable product mix, operational improvements in manufacturing and the contribution from Hill-Rom to our financial results. Adjusted SG&A of $710 million increased 14% as compared to the prior year and represented 20.2% as a percentage of sales. Adjusted R&D spending in the quarter of $133 million increased 1% versus the prior year and represented 3.8% as a percent of sales. Adjusted SG&A and R&D spend both include the incremental contribution from Hill-Rom.
In addition, adjusted SG&A expense in the quarter reflects the higher freight expenses we absorbed in the quarter as well as higher bonus accruals compared to the prior year under our annual employee incentive compensation plan. Adjusted operating margin in the quarter was 20.3%, an increase of 260 basis points versus the prior year, reflecting the factors I just mentioned. Adjusted net interest expense totaled $44 million in the quarter, an increase of $6 million versus prior year, driven by higher outstanding debt balances related to the financing of the Hill-Rom acquisition.
Other non-operating expense totaled $21 million in the quarter compared to $5 million in the prior year period. Fourth quarter 2021 reflects unplanned expenses related to foreign exchange losses from our subsidiary in Turkey as a result of the devaluation of the Turkish lira as well as an unrealized loss on an equity investment. The adjusted tax rate in the quarter was 18.5% above our expectations, driven primarily by the mix of earnings in the quarter. The tax rate in the quarter also reflects the inclusion of Hill-Rom income, which carry the higher tax rate than legacy Baxter. And as previously mentioned, adjusted earnings of $1.04 per share advanced 30% versus the prior year period.
Turning to full-year 2021, sales of $12.28 billion increased by 10% on a reported basis, 7% on a constant currency basis and 5% operationally. On the bottom line, adjusted earnings increased 17%, $3.61 per diluted share. On a full-year basis, we generated operating cash flow from continuing operations of $2.2 billion and free cash flow of approximately $1.5 billion.
Throughout 2021, we remain focused on strategically redeploying capital to advance our performance and position Baxter for future success. We returned approximately $1.1 billion to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases and deployed over $12 billion to inorganic investments to fuel growth, including our acquisition of Hill-Rom. With the acquisition now closed our capital allocation priority will be to aggressively de-lever through the next two years to reach our net leverage target of 2.75 times by year two close close.
Let me conclude my comments by discussing our outlook for the first quarter and full-year 2022, including some key assumptions around phasing for the year. We currently anticipate that many of the factors that impacted our fourth-quarter results, including increased inflationary pressures, supply chain disruptions, staffing challenges across our manufacturing network and ongoing impact of the pandemic will continue to weigh on performance with the anticipated impact expected to be most pronounced in the first quarter.
We're working expeditiously to address order backlog and anticipate a strong ramp in sales into second quarter and the remainder of 2022, driven by new product launches and easing of COVID-19 dynamics globally. In addition, we're continuing to implement actions to increase operational effectiveness within our integrated supply chain networks as well as evaluating opportunities to pass through certain costs in select geographies. We anticipate these actions, coupled with the improving sales performance will result in meaningful margin expansion and earnings growth for the company, particularly in the second half of the year as compared to the first half of 2022.
Given these dynamics for the first quarter of '22, we expect global sales growth of 24% to 25% on a reported basis, 27% to 28% on a constant currency basis, and low-single-digit revenue growth on an operational basis. And we expect adjusted earnings, excluding special items of $0.79 to $0.82 per diluted share. For full-year 2022, we expect global sales growth of 24% to 25% on a reported basis, 26% to 27% on a constant currency basis, and approximately 4% on an operational basis.
Moving down the P&L, we expect adjusted operating margin for the year of approximately 19% with first-half margins below this estimate and second-half margins above, as we expect performance to significantly improve throughout the year. For the year, we expect an adjusted tax rate of approximately 19% and we expect diluted average share count to stay consistent with 508 million shares, exiting 2021. Based on these factors, we expect 2022 adjusted earnings, excluding special items of $4.25 to $4.35 per diluted share.
With that, we can now open the call up for Q&A.