As of the most recent reporting period, the following institutional investors, funds, and major shareholders have reported short positions of Royal Bank of Canada: Toronto Dominion Bank, GTS Securities LLC, Arrowpoint Investment Partners Singapore Pte. Ltd., Wolverine Trading LLC, Squarepoint Ops LLC, SIG North Trading ULC, Royal Bank of Canada, Millennium Management LLC, D. E. Shaw & Co. Inc., Cubist Systematic Strategies LLC, Citadel Advisors LLC, Bank of America Corp DE, Jane Street Group LLC, Tudor Investment Corp ET AL, Parallax Volatility Advisers L.P., Two Sigma Securities LLC, Susquehanna International Group LLP, Concourse Financial Group Securities Inc., PEAK6 LLC, Walleye Trading LLC, Walleye Capital LLC, Capital Fund Management S.A., Bank of Montreal Can, National Bank of Canada FI, Monaco Asset Management SAM, Genus Capital Management Inc., and Cibc World Market Inc.. These positions are disclosed in Form 13F filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.