Annual Income Statements for Saratoga Investment
This table shows Saratoga Investment's income and expenses over time, based on annual financial data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.
Quarterly Income Statements for Saratoga Investment
This table shows Saratoga Investment's income and expenses over time, based on quarterly financial data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.
Metric |
|
Q3 2022 |
Q1 2023 |
Q2 2023 |
Q3 2023 |
Q4 2023 |
Q1 2024 |
Q2 2024 |
Q3 2024 |
Q4 2024 |
Q2 2025 |
Q3 2025 |
Net Income / (Loss) Attributable to Common Shareholders |
|
8.34 |
37 |
18 |
51 |
122 |
47 |
69 |
52 |
24 |
53 |
82 |
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss) |
|
37 |
37 |
18 |
51 |
122 |
47 |
69 |
52 |
24 |
53 |
82 |
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations |
|
39 |
37 |
18 |
51 |
121 |
47 |
69 |
52 |
24 |
53 |
82 |
Total Pre-Tax Income |
|
5.20 |
37 |
18 |
51 |
121 |
47 |
69 |
52 |
24 |
53 |
82 |
Total Revenue |
|
46 |
19 |
22 |
26 |
191 |
16 |
34 |
17 |
165 |
11 |
48 |
Net Interest Income / (Expense) |
|
21 |
-6.57 |
23 |
-8.01 |
122 |
-13 |
-12 |
21 |
193 |
-13 |
26 |
Total Interest Income |
|
25 |
0.30 |
31 |
0.44 |
133 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
33 |
206 |
0.00 |
40 |
Investment Securities Interest Income |
|
25 |
- |
31 |
- |
- |
0.00 |
- |
33 |
- |
- |
40 |
Total Interest Expense |
|
4.84 |
6.87 |
7.92 |
8.45 |
10 |
13 |
12 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
Long-Term Debt Interest Expense |
|
4.84 |
6.87 |
7.92 |
8.45 |
10 |
13 |
12 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
13 |
Total Non-Interest Income |
|
25 |
26 |
-0.79 |
34 |
69 |
29 |
46 |
-3.42 |
-28 |
24 |
21 |
Other Service Charges |
|
0.82 |
0.10 |
0.96 |
0.73 |
4.41 |
0.99 |
0.15 |
0.20 |
4.21 |
0.06 |
0.85 |
Net Realized & Unrealized Capital Gains on Investments |
|
7.02 |
25 |
-3.16 |
33 |
-36 |
27 |
46 |
-3.93 |
-177 |
24 |
20 |
Investment Banking Income |
|
17 |
0.85 |
1.41 |
0.55 |
100 |
0.41 |
0.05 |
0.31 |
144 |
0.04 |
0.74 |
Total Non-Interest Expense |
|
6.46 |
1.08 |
3.60 |
1.08 |
25 |
7.78 |
1.06 |
1.09 |
34 |
0.95 |
1.43 |
Other Operating Expenses |
|
6.10 |
1.08 |
3.60 |
1.08 |
25 |
7.78 |
0.95 |
1.09 |
34 |
0.95 |
1.43 |
Other Special Charges |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
0.11 |
0.00 |
- |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Nonoperating Income / (Expense), net |
|
- |
19 |
- |
26 |
- |
39 |
36 |
36 |
- |
43 |
36 |
Income Tax Expense |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
-0.06 |
-0.24 |
0.22 |
- |
0.12 |
0.04 |
Basic Earnings per Share |
|
$0.73 |
($0.12) |
$0.08 |
$0.51 |
$1.59 |
$0.48 |
$0.65 |
($0.31) |
$0.39 |
$0.97 |
$0.64 |
Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding |
|
11.45M |
12.11M |
11.96M |
11.89M |
11.96M |
13.68M |
12.16M |
13.05M |
12.67M |
13.73M |
13.79M |
Diluted Earnings per Share |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
$0.65 |
($0.31) |
- |
$0.97 |
$0.64 |
Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding |
|
- |
- |
11.90M |
11.89M |
11.86M |
13.75M |
12.16M |
13.05M |
13.70M |
13.73M |
13.79M |
Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding |
|
- |
- |
11.90M |
11.89M |
11.86M |
13.75M |
13.11M |
13.65M |
13.70M |
13.80M |
14.35M |
Annual Cash Flow Statements for Saratoga Investment
This table details how cash moves in and out of Saratoga Investment's business through operations, investing, and financing, using annual figures. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.
Metric |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
Net Change in Cash & Equivalents |
-9.54 |
23 |
43 |
-56 |
Net Cash From Operating Activities |
-62 |
-203 |
-130 |
-157 |
Net Cash From Continuing Operating Activities |
-62 |
-203 |
-130 |
-157 |
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations |
15 |
46 |
25 |
8.93 |
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss) |
15 |
46 |
25 |
8.93 |
Depreciation Expense |
- |
-18 |
17 |
48 |
Amortization Expense |
-0.02 |
0.12 |
1.77 |
2.95 |
Non-Cash Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income |
-67 |
-242 |
-167 |
-211 |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, net |
-11 |
10 |
-6.76 |
-6.15 |
Net Cash From Investing Activities |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Net Cash From Continuing Investing Activities |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Net Cash From Financing Activities |
53 |
226 |
174 |
102 |
Net Cash From Continuing Financing Activities |
50 |
227 |
174 |
102 |
Issuance of Debt |
104 |
385 |
337 |
149 |
Issuance of Common Equity |
0.00 |
27 |
0.00 |
45 |
Repayment of Debt |
-33 |
-154 |
-119 |
-57 |
Repurchase of Common Equity |
-3.61 |
-2.55 |
-11 |
-2.16 |
Payment of Dividends |
-14 |
-18 |
-23 |
-32 |
Other Financing Activities, Net |
-3.44 |
-10 |
-10 |
-0.69 |
Cash Interest Paid |
12 |
18 |
29 |
44 |
Cash Income Taxes Paid |
4.14 |
1.36 |
2.77 |
0.75 |
Quarterly Cash Flow Statements for Saratoga Investment
This table details how cash moves in and out of Saratoga Investment's business through operations, investing, and financing, using quarterly figures. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.
Metric |
|
Q3 2022 |
Q4 2022 |
Q1 2023 |
Q2 2023 |
Q3 2023 |
Q4 2023 |
Q1 2024 |
Q2 2024 |
Q3 2024 |
Q4 2024 |
Q3 2025 |
Net Change in Cash & Equivalents |
|
71 |
-91 |
49 |
-89 |
34 |
49 |
-43 |
-4.72 |
-1.41 |
-6.52 |
88 |
Net Cash From Operating Activities |
|
15 |
-146 |
-80 |
-60 |
-22 |
33 |
-111 |
-7.08 |
-19 |
-21 |
94 |
Net Cash From Continuing Operating Activities |
|
15 |
-146 |
-80 |
-60 |
-22 |
33 |
-111 |
-7.08 |
-19 |
-21 |
94 |
Net Income / (Loss) Continuing Operations |
|
8.34 |
8.40 |
-1.49 |
0.95 |
6.01 |
19 |
-0.21 |
7.90 |
-4.06 |
5.31 |
8.83 |
Consolidated Net Income / (Loss) |
|
8.34 |
8.40 |
-1.49 |
0.95 |
6.01 |
19 |
-0.21 |
7.90 |
-4.06 |
5.31 |
8.83 |
Depreciation Expense |
|
6.04 |
-3.57 |
9.70 |
13 |
-22 |
16 |
16 |
5.96 |
-22 |
7.48 |
43 |
Amortization Expense |
|
0.04 |
-0.05 |
0.45 |
0.39 |
0.48 |
0.45 |
0.76 |
0.97 |
0.54 |
0.68 |
0.36 |
Non-Cash Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income |
|
-2.98 |
-151 |
-86 |
-72 |
-4.78 |
-4.14 |
-127 |
-20 |
7.97 |
-31 |
39 |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities, net |
|
3.85 |
0.20 |
-2.88 |
-3.15 |
-2.02 |
1.28 |
-0.36 |
-1.59 |
-1.36 |
-2.84 |
3.34 |
Net Cash From Financing Activities |
|
55 |
55 |
129 |
-29 |
57 |
16 |
68 |
2.36 |
17 |
14 |
-6.00 |
Net Cash From Continuing Financing Activities |
|
55 |
56 |
129 |
-29 |
57 |
17 |
68 |
2.36 |
17 |
14 |
-6.00 |
Issuance of Common Equity |
|
15 |
12 |
0.00 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
9.01 |
13 |
2.78 |
Payment of Dividends |
|
-4.87 |
-5.32 |
-5.32 |
-5.28 |
-5.28 |
-6.78 |
-7.13 |
-7.60 |
-8.43 |
-8.89 |
-8.96 |
Other Financing Activities, Net |
|
-2.32 |
-2.39 |
-4.12 |
-0.98 |
-2.31 |
-2.74 |
-2.72 |
0.47 |
0.56 |
1.00 |
0.18 |
Cash Interest Paid |
|
3.69 |
5.19 |
3.59 |
9.10 |
5.68 |
11 |
9.64 |
12 |
9.82 |
12 |
9.91 |
Cash Income Taxes Paid |
|
0.02 |
0.63 |
0.00 |
2.76 |
0.01 |
- |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.65 |
0.09 |
0.53 |
Annual Balance Sheets for Saratoga Investment
This table presents Saratoga Investment's assets and liabilities at the end of each period, using annual balance sheet data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.
Metric |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
Total Assets |
876 |
1,078 |
1,191 |
Cash and Due from Banks |
47 |
66 |
8.69 |
Loans and Leases, Net of Allowance |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Deferred Acquisition Cost |
12 |
17 |
17 |
Other Assets |
5.35 |
9.13 |
1,151 |
Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity |
876 |
1,078 |
1,191 |
Total Liabilities |
520 |
731 |
821 |
Short-Term Debt |
13 |
33 |
35 |
Long-Term Debt |
498 |
696 |
1,357 |
Other Long-Term Liabilities |
3.62 |
1.46 |
14 |
Commitments & Contingencies |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Total Equity & Noncontrolling Interests |
356 |
347 |
370 |
Total Preferred & Common Equity |
356 |
347 |
370 |
Total Common Equity |
356 |
347 |
370 |
Common Stock |
328 |
322 |
371 |
Retained Earnings |
28 |
25 |
-0.87 |
Quarterly Balance Sheets for Saratoga Investment
This table presents Saratoga Investment's assets and liabilities at the end of each period, using quarterly balance sheet data. All values are USD millions unless otherwise specified.
Metric |
|
Q2 2023 |
Q3 2023 |
Q1 2024 |
Q2 2024 |
Q3 2024 |
Q2 2025 |
Q3 2025 |
Total Assets |
|
973 |
1,039 |
1,202 |
1,156 |
1,172 |
1,215 |
1,220 |
Cash and Due from Banks |
|
3.07 |
5.67 |
32 |
19 |
21 |
85 |
148 |
Loans and Leases, Net of Allowance |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Deferred Acquisition Cost |
|
15 |
16 |
16 |
18 |
17 |
15 |
14 |
Other Assets |
|
5.34 |
9.52 |
13 |
8.57 |
10 |
12 |
970 |
Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity |
|
973 |
1,039 |
1,202 |
1,156 |
1,172 |
1,215 |
1,220 |
Total Liabilities |
|
636 |
703 |
834 |
794 |
812 |
843 |
845 |
Short-Term Debt |
|
25 |
25 |
46 |
35 |
35 |
53 |
53 |
Long-Term Debt |
|
609 |
676 |
785 |
760 |
776 |
785 |
1,357 |
Other Long-Term Liabilities |
|
1.19 |
1.29 |
1.32 |
1.97 |
2.09 |
1.50 |
15 |
Commitments & Contingencies |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Total Equity & Noncontrolling Interests |
|
337 |
336 |
368 |
362 |
360 |
372 |
375 |
Total Preferred & Common Equity |
|
337 |
336 |
368 |
362 |
360 |
372 |
375 |
Total Common Equity |
|
337 |
336 |
368 |
362 |
360 |
372 |
375 |
Common Stock |
|
323 |
322 |
372 |
346 |
357 |
373 |
377 |
Retained Earnings |
|
14 |
14 |
-4.23 |
16 |
2.85 |
-1.05 |
-2.38 |
Annual Metrics And Ratios for Saratoga Investment
This table displays calculated financial ratios and metrics derived from Saratoga Investment's official financial filings.
Metric |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
2024 |
Growth Metrics |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Revenue Growth |
0.00% |
91.23% |
-7.84% |
6.50% |
EBITDA Growth |
0.00% |
84.49% |
6.38% |
17.04% |
EBIT Growth |
0.00% |
98.49% |
-8.65% |
4.26% |
NOPAT Growth |
0.00% |
977.07% |
-8.60% |
4.17% |
Net Income Growth |
0.00% |
102.52% |
-7.31% |
3.92% |
EPS Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Operating Cash Flow Growth |
0.00% |
-225.81% |
35.82% |
-20.58% |
Free Cash Flow Firm Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
103.01% |
554.78% |
Invested Capital Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
24.11% |
10.72% |
Revenue Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
3.06% |
EBITDA Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
19.45% |
EBIT Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-0.55% |
NOPAT Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
67.12% |
Net Income Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-21.16% |
EPS Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Operating Cash Flow Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
57.83% |
-51.17% |
Free Cash Flow Firm Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Invested Capital Q/Q Growth |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
1.68% |
Profitability Metrics |
- |
- |
- |
- |
EBITDA Margin |
85.67% |
82.65% |
95.40% |
104.85% |
EBIT Margin |
85.68% |
88.94% |
88.15% |
86.30% |
Profit (Net Income) Margin |
83.02% |
87.92% |
88.42% |
86.29% |
Tax Burden Percent |
525.66% |
98.86% |
100.31% |
99.98% |
Interest Burden Percent |
18.43% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
Effective Tax Rate |
0.00% |
-0.02% |
-0.07% |
0.02% |
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) |
0.00% |
57.46% |
23.43% |
20.92% |
ROIC Less NNEP Spread (ROIC-NNEP) |
0.00% |
56.33% |
23.52% |
20.92% |
Return on Net Nonoperating Assets (RNNOA) |
0.00% |
80.85% |
41.47% |
45.18% |
Return on Equity (ROE) |
0.00% |
138.32% |
64.91% |
66.10% |
Cash Return on Invested Capital (CROIC) |
0.00% |
-142.54% |
1.92% |
10.75% |
Operating Return on Assets (OROA) |
0.00% |
28.41% |
23.27% |
20.89% |
Return on Assets (ROA) |
0.00% |
28.08% |
23.34% |
20.89% |
Return on Common Equity (ROCE) |
0.00% |
138.32% |
64.91% |
66.10% |
Return on Equity Simple (ROE_SIMPLE) |
0.00% |
69.16% |
65.73% |
64.02% |
Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT) |
23 |
249 |
228 |
237 |
NOPAT Margin |
15.79% |
88.95% |
88.21% |
86.29% |
Net Nonoperating Expense Percent (NNEP) |
0.00% |
1.13% |
-0.09% |
0.00% |
SG&A Expenses to Revenue |
0.98% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Operating Expenses to Revenue |
14.32% |
11.06% |
11.85% |
13.70% |
Earnings before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) |
125 |
249 |
227 |
237 |
Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA) |
125 |
231 |
246 |
288 |
Valuation Ratios |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Price to Book Value (P/BV) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.82 |
0.85 |
Price to Tangible Book Value (P/TBV) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.82 |
0.85 |
Price to Revenue (P/Rev) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.10 |
1.14 |
Price to Earnings (P/E) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.25 |
1.32 |
Dividend Yield |
7.14% |
10.64% |
11.71% |
12.32% |
Earnings Yield |
0.00% |
0.00% |
80.11% |
75.57% |
Enterprise Value to Invested Capital (EV/IC) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.85 |
0.92 |
Enterprise Value to Revenue (EV/Rev) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.56 |
3.98 |
Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.73 |
3.80 |
Enterprise Value to EBIT (EV/EBIT) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.03 |
4.61 |
Enterprise Value to NOPAT (EV/NOPAT) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.03 |
4.61 |
Enterprise Value to Operating Cash Flow (EV/OCF) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Enterprise Value to Free Cash Flow (EV/FCFF) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
49.32 |
8.98 |
Leverage & Solvency |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Debt to Equity |
0.00 |
1.44 |
2.10 |
2.22 |
Long-Term Debt to Equity |
0.00 |
1.40 |
2.01 |
2.12 |
Financial Leverage |
0.00 |
1.44 |
1.76 |
2.16 |
Leverage Ratio |
0.00 |
2.46 |
2.78 |
3.16 |
Compound Leverage Factor |
0.00 |
2.46 |
2.78 |
3.16 |
Debt to Total Capital |
0.00% |
58.94% |
67.73% |
68.90% |
Short-Term Debt to Total Capital |
0.00% |
1.44% |
3.02% |
2.94% |
Long-Term Debt to Total Capital |
0.00% |
57.49% |
64.71% |
65.96% |
Preferred Equity to Total Capital |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Noncontrolling Interests to Total Capital |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Common Equity to Total Capital |
0.00% |
41.06% |
32.27% |
31.10% |
Debt to EBITDA |
0.00 |
2.21 |
2.96 |
2.85 |
Net Debt to EBITDA |
0.00 |
1.98 |
2.57 |
2.71 |
Long-Term Debt to EBITDA |
0.00 |
2.15 |
2.83 |
2.73 |
Debt to NOPAT |
0.00 |
2.05 |
3.20 |
3.46 |
Net Debt to NOPAT |
0.00 |
1.84 |
2.78 |
3.29 |
Long-Term Debt to NOPAT |
0.00 |
2.00 |
3.06 |
3.31 |
Noncontrolling Interest Sharing Ratio |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Liquidity Ratios |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Cash Flow Metrics |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF) |
0.00 |
-617 |
19 |
122 |
Operating Cash Flow to CapEx |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Free Cash Flow to Firm to Interest Expense |
0.00 |
-31.06 |
0.56 |
2.48 |
Operating Cash Flow to Interest Expense |
-4.59 |
-10.22 |
-3.89 |
-3.20 |
Operating Cash Flow Less CapEx to Interest Expense |
-4.59 |
-10.22 |
-3.89 |
-3.20 |
Efficiency Ratios |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Asset Turnover |
0.00 |
0.32 |
0.26 |
0.24 |
Fixed Asset Turnover |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Capital & Investment Metrics |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Invested Capital |
0.00 |
866 |
1,075 |
1,191 |
Invested Capital Turnover |
0.00 |
0.65 |
0.27 |
0.24 |
Increase / (Decrease) in Invested Capital |
0.00 |
866 |
209 |
115 |
Enterprise Value (EV) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
917 |
1,093 |
Market Capitalization |
0.00 |
0.00 |
285 |
314 |
Book Value per Share |
$0.00 |
$31.05 |
$29.18 |
$27.12 |
Tangible Book Value per Share |
$0.00 |
$31.05 |
$29.18 |
$27.12 |
Total Capital |
0.00 |
866 |
1,075 |
1,191 |
Total Debt |
0.00 |
511 |
728 |
820 |
Total Long-Term Debt |
0.00 |
498 |
696 |
785 |
Net Debt |
0.00 |
458 |
632 |
780 |
Capital Expenditures (CapEx) |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Net Nonoperating Expense (NNE) |
-98 |
2.89 |
-0.55 |
0.00 |
Net Nonoperating Obligations (NNO) |
0.00 |
511 |
728 |
820 |
Total Depreciation and Amortization (D&A) |
-0.02 |
-18 |
19 |
51 |
Earnings Adjustments |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Adjusted Basic Earnings per Share |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$2.06 |
$0.71 |
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding |
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.96M |
12.67M |
Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
Adjusted Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding |
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.86M |
13.70M |
Adjusted Basic & Diluted Earnings per Share |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding |
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.86M |
13.70M |
Normalized Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT) |
23 |
174 |
159 |
237 |
Normalized NOPAT Margin |
15.79% |
62.26% |
61.71% |
86.29% |
Pre Tax Income Margin |
15.79% |
88.94% |
88.15% |
86.30% |
Debt Service Ratios |
- |
- |
- |
- |
EBIT to Interest Expense |
9.23 |
12.52 |
6.79 |
4.82 |
NOPAT to Interest Expense |
1.70 |
12.52 |
6.79 |
4.82 |
EBIT Less CapEx to Interest Expense |
9.23 |
12.52 |
6.79 |
4.82 |
NOPAT Less CapEx to Interest Expense |
1.70 |
12.52 |
6.79 |
4.82 |
Payout Ratios |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Dividend Payout Ratio |
11.31% |
7.38% |
9.94% |
13.52% |
Augmented Payout Ratio |
14.28% |
8.41% |
14.68% |
14.43% |
Quarterly Metrics And Ratios for Saratoga Investment
This table displays calculated financial ratios and metrics derived from Saratoga Investment's official financial filings.
Metric |
|
Q3 2022 |
Q1 2023 |
Q2 2023 |
Q3 2023 |
Q4 2023 |
Q1 2024 |
Q2 2024 |
Q3 2024 |
Q4 2024 |
Q2 2025 |
Q3 2025 |
Growth Metrics |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Revenue Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
-62.05% |
-43.47% |
0.00% |
-16.99% |
54.49% |
-33.52% |
-13.58% |
-67.48% |
177.20% |
EBITDA Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
-43.91% |
-93.06% |
0.00% |
-10.88% |
23.52% |
-257.14% |
-23.90% |
-74.63% |
1,903.35% |
EBIT Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
-67.99% |
-36.95% |
0.00% |
-55.10% |
78.89% |
-35.03% |
-21.31% |
-69.30% |
187.14% |
NOPAT Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
-67.99% |
378.04% |
0.00% |
-55.05% |
79.51% |
-35.30% |
-80.05% |
-69.48% |
188.22% |
Net Income Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
-67.74% |
38.28% |
0.00% |
27.55% |
272.61% |
2.27% |
-80.20% |
-22.90% |
57.26% |
EPS Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
49.23% |
306.45% |
Operating Cash Flow Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-246.92% |
122.27% |
-38.28% |
88.25% |
17.41% |
-163.46% |
0.00% |
607.54% |
Free Cash Flow Firm Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
83.95% |
88.35% |
0.00% |
72.30% |
-380.56% |
Invested Capital Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
19.16% |
12.92% |
10.72% |
4.53% |
52.36% |
Revenue Q/Q Growth |
|
-21.09% |
0.00% |
15.31% |
17.53% |
636.00% |
-91.68% |
114.59% |
-49.42% |
349.28% |
0.00% |
331.13% |
EBITDA Q/Q Growth |
|
-21.11% |
0.00% |
14.71% |
-90.23% |
5,675.51% |
-86.23% |
58.98% |
-112.43% |
155.01% |
0.00% |
783.11% |
EBIT Q/Q Growth |
|
-31.65% |
0.00% |
2.27% |
34.61% |
568.34% |
-95.12% |
307.50% |
-51.11% |
266.89% |
0.00% |
357.32% |
NOPAT Q/Q Growth |
|
-90.99% |
0.00% |
2.27% |
34.61% |
387.45% |
-93.30% |
308.39% |
-51.48% |
-32.16% |
0.00% |
358.17% |
Net Income Q/Q Growth |
|
-35.40% |
0.00% |
-49.75% |
176.89% |
138.35% |
-61.54% |
46.81% |
-24.00% |
-66.48% |
0.00% |
55.02% |
EPS Q/Q Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-147.69% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-34.02% |
Operating Cash Flow Q/Q Growth |
|
0.00% |
45.14% |
24.88% |
62.72% |
244.93% |
-440.69% |
93.61% |
-161.94% |
-11.35% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Free Cash Flow Firm Q/Q Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-6.21% |
100.00% |
0.00% |
87.15% |
22.89% |
7.41% |
0.00% |
-1,237.81% |
Invested Capital Q/Q Growth |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
6.75% |
3.70% |
11.48% |
-3.44% |
1.16% |
1.68% |
0.00% |
47.45% |
Profitability Metrics |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
EBITDA Margin |
|
99.17% |
147.36% |
146.59% |
12.18% |
95.59% |
158.20% |
117.20% |
-28.79% |
84.18% |
91.45% |
187.32% |
EBIT Margin |
|
85.91% |
94.33% |
83.66% |
95.82% |
87.01% |
51.02% |
96.88% |
93.65% |
79.23% |
91.45% |
97.01% |
Profit (Net Income) Margin |
|
80.57% |
191.97% |
83.66% |
197.10% |
63.83% |
294.95% |
201.79% |
303.23% |
14.62% |
478.42% |
172.03% |
Tax Burden Percent |
|
711.09% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.58% |
100.13% |
100.35% |
99.58% |
99.82% |
99.77% |
99.96% |
Interest Burden Percent |
|
13.19% |
203.51% |
100.00% |
205.70% |
72.93% |
577.42% |
207.57% |
325.15% |
18.49% |
524.35% |
177.42% |
Effective Tax Rate |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-0.13% |
-0.35% |
0.42% |
0.00% |
0.23% |
0.04% |
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
15.22% |
23.39% |
26.16% |
23.46% |
3.55% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
ROIC Less NNEP Spread (ROIC-NNEP) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
15.32% |
32.71% |
31.15% |
28.25% |
3.55% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Return on Net Nonoperating Assets (RNNOA) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
32.16% |
73.88% |
63.67% |
61.45% |
7.66% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Return on Equity (ROE) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
47.38% |
97.27% |
89.83% |
84.91% |
11.21% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Cash Return on Invested Capital (CROIC) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
1.73% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
10.75% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Operating Return on Assets (OROA) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
22.97% |
11.65% |
26.06% |
23.53% |
19.18% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Return on Assets (ROA) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
16.85% |
67.35% |
54.29% |
76.19% |
3.54% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Return on Common Equity (ROCE) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
47.38% |
97.27% |
89.83% |
84.91% |
11.21% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Return on Equity Simple (ROE_SIMPLE) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
69.27% |
84.27% |
85.18% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT) |
|
5.20 |
18 |
18 |
25 |
121 |
8.11 |
33 |
16 |
24 |
10 |
46 |
NOPAT Margin |
|
11.33% |
94.33% |
83.66% |
95.82% |
63.46% |
51.08% |
97.21% |
93.26% |
14.65% |
91.24% |
96.96% |
Net Nonoperating Expense Percent (NNEP) |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
-7.49% |
-0.10% |
-9.32% |
-4.99% |
-4.79% |
0.01% |
-5.25% |
-3.23% |
SG&A Expenses to Revenue |
|
0.78% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Operating Expenses to Revenue |
|
14.09% |
5.67% |
16.34% |
4.18% |
12.99% |
48.98% |
3.12% |
6.35% |
20.77% |
8.55% |
2.99% |
Earnings before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) |
|
39 |
18 |
18 |
25 |
166 |
8.10 |
33 |
16 |
131 |
10 |
46 |
Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA) |
|
45 |
28 |
32 |
3.16 |
182 |
25 |
40 |
-4.96 |
139 |
10 |
89 |
Valuation Ratios |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Price to Book Value (P/BV) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.71 |
0.79 |
0.82 |
0.83 |
0.75 |
0.81 |
0.85 |
0.84 |
0.90 |
Price to Tangible Book Value (P/TBV) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.71 |
0.79 |
0.82 |
0.83 |
0.75 |
0.81 |
0.85 |
0.84 |
0.90 |
Price to Revenue (P/Rev) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.10 |
1.12 |
0.95 |
1.05 |
1.14 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Price to Earnings (P/E) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.25 |
1.20 |
0.89 |
0.95 |
1.32 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Dividend Yield |
|
9.77% |
11.30% |
10.44% |
9.51% |
11.71% |
12.82% |
11.70% |
12.49% |
12.32% |
12.70% |
11.91% |
Earnings Yield |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
80.11% |
83.10% |
112.50% |
105.46% |
75.57% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Enterprise Value to Invested Capital (EV/IC) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.89 |
0.89 |
0.85 |
0.87 |
0.88 |
0.90 |
0.92 |
0.82 |
0.90 |
Enterprise Value to Revenue (EV/Rev) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.56 |
3.81 |
3.55 |
3.80 |
3.98 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.73 |
4.47 |
3.75 |
4.01 |
3.80 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Enterprise Value to EBIT (EV/EBIT) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.03 |
4.38 |
4.03 |
4.32 |
4.61 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Enterprise Value to NOPAT (EV/NOPAT) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
4.03 |
4.11 |
3.35 |
3.45 |
4.61 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Enterprise Value to Operating Cash Flow (EV/OCF) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.77 |
8.13 |
Enterprise Value to Free Cash Flow (EV/FCFF) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
8.98 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Leverage & Solvency |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Debt to Equity |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.88 |
2.09 |
2.10 |
2.26 |
2.20 |
2.26 |
2.22 |
2.25 |
3.76 |
Long-Term Debt to Equity |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.81 |
2.01 |
2.01 |
2.14 |
2.10 |
2.16 |
2.12 |
2.11 |
3.62 |
Financial Leverage |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
1.88 |
2.09 |
2.10 |
2.26 |
2.04 |
2.18 |
2.16 |
2.22 |
3.02 |
Leverage Ratio |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.89 |
3.09 |
2.78 |
3.27 |
3.05 |
3.18 |
3.16 |
3.23 |
3.26 |
Compound Leverage Factor |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.89 |
6.36 |
2.03 |
18.86 |
6.32 |
10.34 |
0.59 |
16.93 |
5.78 |
Debt to Total Capital |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
65.28% |
67.62% |
67.73% |
69.31% |
68.72% |
69.29% |
68.90% |
69.25% |
78.99% |
Short-Term Debt to Total Capital |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
2.57% |
2.41% |
3.02% |
3.80% |
3.02% |
2.99% |
2.94% |
4.34% |
2.94% |
Long-Term Debt to Total Capital |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
62.71% |
65.21% |
64.71% |
65.52% |
65.69% |
66.30% |
65.96% |
64.91% |
76.04% |
Preferred Equity to Total Capital |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Noncontrolling Interests to Total Capital |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Common Equity to Total Capital |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
34.72% |
32.38% |
32.27% |
30.69% |
31.28% |
30.71% |
31.10% |
30.75% |
21.01% |
Debt to EBITDA |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.96 |
3.56 |
2.93 |
3.08 |
2.85 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Net Debt to EBITDA |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.57 |
3.16 |
2.75 |
2.90 |
2.71 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Long-Term Debt to EBITDA |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.83 |
3.36 |
2.80 |
2.95 |
2.73 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Debt to NOPAT |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.20 |
3.27 |
2.61 |
2.66 |
3.46 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Net Debt to NOPAT |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
2.78 |
2.90 |
2.46 |
2.50 |
3.29 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Long-Term Debt to NOPAT |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
3.06 |
3.09 |
2.50 |
2.54 |
3.31 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Noncontrolling Interest Sharing Ratio |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Liquidity Ratios |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Cash Flow Metrics |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
-953 |
-1,012 |
0.00 |
-1,191 |
-153 |
-118 |
-91 |
-42 |
-567 |
Operating Cash Flow to CapEx |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Free Cash Flow to Firm to Interest Expense |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
-120.29 |
-119.77 |
0.00 |
-91.85 |
-12.32 |
-9.42 |
-7.26 |
-3.23 |
-43.45 |
Operating Cash Flow to Interest Expense |
|
3.16 |
-11.67 |
-7.61 |
-2.66 |
3.17 |
-8.56 |
-0.57 |
-1.48 |
-1.65 |
0.00 |
7.22 |
Operating Cash Flow Less CapEx to Interest Expense |
|
3.16 |
-11.67 |
-7.61 |
-2.66 |
3.17 |
-8.56 |
-0.57 |
-1.48 |
-1.65 |
0.00 |
7.22 |
Efficiency Ratios |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Asset Turnover |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.26 |
0.23 |
0.27 |
0.25 |
0.24 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Fixed Asset Turnover |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Capital & Investment Metrics |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Invested Capital |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
971 |
1,037 |
1,075 |
1,199 |
1,157 |
1,171 |
1,191 |
1,210 |
1,784 |
Invested Capital Turnover |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.24 |
0.46 |
0.27 |
0.25 |
0.24 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Increase / (Decrease) in Invested Capital |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
971 |
1,037 |
0.00 |
1,199 |
186 |
134 |
115 |
52 |
613 |
Enterprise Value (EV) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
862 |
920 |
917 |
1,044 |
1,018 |
1,055 |
1,093 |
989 |
1,601 |
Market Capitalization |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
240 |
266 |
285 |
307 |
271 |
290 |
314 |
313 |
339 |
Book Value per Share |
|
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$28.19 |
$28.21 |
$29.18 |
$26.88 |
$30.22 |
$27.42 |
$27.12 |
$27.11 |
$27.18 |
Tangible Book Value per Share |
|
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$28.19 |
$28.21 |
$29.18 |
$26.88 |
$30.22 |
$27.42 |
$27.12 |
$27.11 |
$27.18 |
Total Capital |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
971 |
1,037 |
1,075 |
1,199 |
1,157 |
1,171 |
1,191 |
1,210 |
1,784 |
Total Debt |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
634 |
701 |
728 |
831 |
795 |
811 |
820 |
838 |
1,409 |
Total Long-Term Debt |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
609 |
676 |
696 |
785 |
760 |
776 |
785 |
785 |
1,357 |
Net Debt |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
622 |
654 |
632 |
738 |
747 |
764 |
780 |
676 |
1,262 |
Capital Expenditures (CapEx) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Net Nonoperating Expense (NNE) |
|
-32 |
-19 |
0.00 |
-26 |
-0.70 |
-39 |
-36 |
-36 |
0.04 |
-43 |
-36 |
Net Nonoperating Obligations (NNO) |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
634 |
701 |
728 |
831 |
795 |
811 |
820 |
838 |
1,409 |
Total Depreciation and Amortization (D&A) |
|
6.08 |
10 |
14 |
-22 |
16 |
17 |
6.93 |
-21 |
8.16 |
0.00 |
43 |
Earnings Adjustments |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Adjusted Basic Earnings per Share |
|
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.08 |
$0.51 |
$1.59 |
$0.48 |
$0.65 |
($0.31) |
$0.39 |
$0.97 |
$0.64 |
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic Shares Outstanding |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.96M |
11.89M |
11.96M |
13.68M |
12.16M |
13.05M |
12.67M |
13.73M |
13.79M |
Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share |
|
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.97 |
$0.64 |
Adjusted Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.90M |
11.89M |
11.86M |
13.75M |
13.11M |
13.65M |
13.70M |
13.73M |
13.79M |
Adjusted Basic & Diluted Earnings per Share |
|
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
$0.00 |
Adjusted Weighted Average Basic & Diluted Shares Outstanding |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
11.90M |
11.89M |
11.86M |
13.75M |
13.11M |
13.65M |
13.70M |
13.80M |
14.35M |
Normalized Net Operating Profit after Tax (NOPAT) |
|
3.64 |
13 |
13 |
17 |
85 |
5.67 |
23 |
16 |
17 |
10 |
46 |
Normalized NOPAT Margin |
|
7.93% |
66.03% |
58.57% |
67.07% |
44.42% |
35.71% |
68.04% |
93.26% |
10.25% |
91.24% |
96.96% |
Pre Tax Income Margin |
|
11.33% |
191.97% |
83.66% |
197.10% |
63.46% |
294.57% |
201.09% |
304.50% |
14.65% |
479.52% |
172.11% |
Debt Service Ratios |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
EBIT to Interest Expense |
|
8.14 |
2.63 |
2.33 |
2.94 |
16.19 |
0.63 |
2.66 |
1.29 |
10.41 |
0.77 |
3.55 |
NOPAT to Interest Expense |
|
1.07 |
2.63 |
2.33 |
2.94 |
11.81 |
0.63 |
2.67 |
1.28 |
1.92 |
0.77 |
3.55 |
EBIT Less CapEx to Interest Expense |
|
8.14 |
2.63 |
2.33 |
2.94 |
16.19 |
0.63 |
2.66 |
1.29 |
10.41 |
0.00 |
3.55 |
NOPAT Less CapEx to Interest Expense |
|
1.07 |
2.63 |
2.33 |
2.94 |
11.81 |
0.63 |
2.67 |
1.28 |
1.92 |
0.00 |
3.55 |
Payout Ratios |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Dividend Payout Ratio |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
9.94% |
9.61% |
8.78% |
9.78% |
13.52% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Augmented Payout Ratio |
|
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
14.68% |
13.24% |
10.61% |
10.88% |
14.43% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
Key Financial Trends
Saratoga Investment (NYSE:SAR) has demonstrated varied financial performance over the last several years, with notable trends in its income, cash flow, and balance sheet statements through Q3 2025.
- Strong net income in recent quarters, with Q3 2025 net income continuing operations at approximately $82.19 million, showing significant profitability.
- Consistent generation of net cash from operating activities, with $94.16 million in Q3 2025, indicating solid operational cash flow management.
- Substantial cash and equivalents increased to $147.6 million as of Q3 2025, improving liquidity from $21.4 million in Q3 2024.
- Net interest income has grown over time, with Q3 2025 net interest income at $26.46 million, indicating stronger earnings from interest-related activities.
- Continued issuance of common stock in recent quarters, supporting equity capital increases, such as $2.78 million issued in Q3 2025 financing activities.
- Long-term debt increased markedly, from approximately $676 million in Q3 2023 to $1.36 billion in Q3 2025, highlighting significant leveraging.
- Total liabilities also increased from $703 million in Q3 2023 to $845 million in Q3 2025, reflecting higher debt load and obligations.
- Total equity has remained relatively stable, around $335 million in Q3 2023 to roughly $375 million in Q3 2025, indicating relatively stable shareholder value.
- Highly volatile net realized and unrealized capital gains impacting non-interest income, with a notable loss of ($176.7 million) in Q4 2024 followed by gains in other quarters.
- Interest expense on long-term debt is substantial and rising; $13 million paid in Q3 2025 alone, which could pressure net income if rates increase or borrowings grow further.
Overall, Saratoga Investment shows strong recent profitability and cash flow improvements, underpinned by growing interest income and operational cash generation. However, the company’s increasing leverage and volatility in capital gains present some financial risks that investors should monitor.
08/07/25 01:24 AMAI Generated. May Contain Errors.