Sime Darby Plantation Berhad, an investment holding company, operates as an integrated plantations company in Malaysia and internationally. The company operates through Upstream Malaysia, Upstream Indonesia, Upstream Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands, Downstream, and Other Operations segments. It is involved in the development, cultivation, and management of oil palm, rubber, coconut, and sugarcane plantation estates; milling of fresh fruit bunches into crude palm oil and palm kernel; and cattle rearing and beef production activities. The company also operates 234 plantation estates covering 729,870 hectares of oil palm plantations, 68 palm oil mills, and 11 refineries. In addition, it is involved in crushing palm kernel into crude palm kernel oils and palm kernel expellers; and manufacturing, blending, marketing, trading, and distributing refined oils and fats products, special ingredients, tocotrienols, nutraceuticals, oleochemicals, ethanol, biodiesel, oil palm planting materials, and other palm oil derivatives. Further, the company engages in agricultural mechanization and commercialization of prototype machines and equipment, as well as oil palm tissue culture and technical product support services; research and development services in biotechnology and agriculture; production and sale of oil palm seeds and seedlings; research and breeding programs of oil palm and rubber with special focus on genome science; and development of green technology and renewable energy. Additionally, it provides raw material procurement, logistics, management consultancy, childcare, soya bean oil and related products, and local manpower and related services; manufactures and markets rat baits; owns, operates, and manages rest/guest houses and cafeterias/canteens; acquires, develops, and invests in trademarks, patents, and intellectual property rights; and rents conventional and recreational facilities. The company was incorporated in 2004 and is based in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.