Manufacturing Stocks List

1. Kestra Medical Technologies NASDAQ:KMTS

We are a commercial-stage, wearable medical device and digital healthcare company focused on transforming patient outcomes in cardiovascular disease using monitoring and therapeutic intervention technologies that are intuitive, intelligent, and connected. We have developed and are commercializing our Cardiac Recovery System platform, a comprehensive and advanced system that integrates monitoring, therapeutic treatment, digital health, and patient support services into a single, unified solution. The cornerstone of our Cardiac Recovery System platform is the ASSURE WCD, a next generation wearable cardioverter defibrillator (“WCD”) used to protect patients at an elevated risk of sudden cardiac arrest (“SCA”), a major public health problem that accounts for approximately 50% of all cardiovascular deaths in the U.S. The ASSURE WCD automatically monitors elevated risk patients and, if needed, delivers a defibrillation shock to return the patient’s heart to normal rhythm. The ASSURE WCD was purpose-built to enhance patient comfort and compliance and directly address the key barriers to adoption associated with the only other commercially available WCD. We believe the ASSURE WCD offers significant clinical and functional advantages, including greater patient compliance as a result of a major reduction in false alarms and enhanced comfort and wearability. In addition to the ASSURE WCD, our Cardiac Recovery System platform includes a comprehensive suite of fully integrated digital solutions and services that enable enhanced patient and provider engagement and oversight, with the objective of improving patient outcomes. We believe our Cardiac Recovery System platform addresses serious unmet needs in the cardiac patient population and has the potential to disrupt and grow the market which has been limited to a single solution for more than 20 years. As of January 31, 2025, our system is actively being prescribed by more than 550 hospitals across the U.S., representing approximately 20% of WCD prescribing hospitals in the U.S., and has been worn by over 17,000 patients since it was fully commercially launched. In our top 50 hospitals, we believe we have successfully captured approximately 45% of the currently available prescriptions based on company-sourced data on all hospitals that we serve in the U.S. and the percentage of WCD filled prescriptions at those hospitals that are for our ASSURE WCD. SCA is a life-threatening emergency characterized by the abrupt cessation of the heartbeat caused by an electrical malfunction in the heart. This is typically triggered by ventricular arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation (“VF”), and leads to a loss of consciousness and potentially death within minutes if not promptly treated. The American Heart Association (“AHA”) estimates that SCA causes approximately 436,000 deaths per year, making it the third leading cause of death in the U.S. Defibrillation, or an electrical shock, is the only way to restore a fibrillating heart to a normal rhythm. Each minute of delay in restoring the heart to a normal rhythm reduces a patient’s chance of survival by 7% to 10%. The average time for Emergency Medical Services (“EMS”) arrival is 7 minutes from the time of a 911 call, and often longer in rural communities. The most common location of a SCA in adults is at a home or residence, representing approximately 73% of SCAs. In addition, approximately 50% of all SCAs are unwitnessed. A WCD is a wearable, non-invasiveminiaturized automated external defibrillator and is worn underneath regular clothing. The device continuously monitors a patient’s heart rhythm and is capable of delivering a defibrillation shock. Wires connect electrodes inside the garment to the monitor, which is carried in a small pack or shoulder bag. The electrodes continuously acquire a patient’s heart rate and rhythm for evaluation by the automated external defibrillator. If the monitor detects a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia, the WCD first alerts the patient via an audible alarm and then administers a shock, if needed. For over 20 years, WCDs have been used to protect patients at elevated risk of SCA. However, until the ASSURE WCD received Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approval in July of 2021, the market was limited to a single solution. Since the approval of the first WCD in 2001, global WCD revenues have grown to $1.3 billion in 2023, with approximately 85% of the revenues generated in the U.S based on our analysis of third-party claims data and estimated average WCD wear prescription lengths and average reimbursement rates in the U.S. and in select international markets derived from industry data and internal estimates. The volume of patients prescribed a WCD in the U.S. grew at roughly 6% annually between 2021 and 2023, and we expect WCD revenues to continue growing. Despite being proven as safe and effective in treating dangerous cardiac rhythms when worn, WCD therapy remains underutilized, reaching just 14% of the eligible U.S. patient population in 2023 based on data on patients indicated for a WCD and WCD prescription data from industry sources. We believe that the low penetration of WCD therapy is largely due to the limitations of the incumbent commercially available device. In feedback we have collected through directly engaging with patients and providers and customer feedback on public platforms, commonly cited reasons for patients or providers failing to use the competitor device include high false alarm frequency, poor wearability and patient discomfort, a unisex-only garment, low utility data and limited connectivity with patients. In the U.S., we estimate that there are approximately 800,000 cardiac patients each year who have experienced a myocardial infarction (“MI”) or are diagnosed with heart failure and have low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (“LVEF”), therefore making them eligible for WCD therapy. Additionally, approximately 50,000 patients each year either have documented ventricular tachycardia (“VT”) or VF, an inherited genetic condition, or have had their implantable cardioverter defibrillators (“ICD”) temporarily explanted, and are also indicated for WCDs. Based on an average WCD wear prescription length of 3.4 months per patient and an average Medicare reimbursement rate of $3,436 per patient per month, we believe this represents an approximately $10 billion annual addressable market. In select international markets, we estimate based on patient population data collected by various third-party industry sources that there are approximately 3.7 million people each year who experience an MI, are diagnosed with heart failure, have documented VT or VF, have an inherited genetic condition, or have had their ICD temporarily explanted. Among these patients, based on the same third-party industry sources, we estimate that approximately 1.8 million patients meet the indications for WCD therapy. Based on estimated average WCD wear prescription length in these international markets of 2.5 months per patient and estimated average reimbursement rate of $3,000 per patient per month derived from industry data and internal estimates, we believe this represents an approximately $14 billion total annual market opportunity outside the U.S. The ASSURE WCD is the next generation of WCD therapy, delivering a safe and effective solution for patients with a design that enhances patient comfort and compliance. In addition to the ASSURE WCD, the various digital solutions and services of our Cardiac Recovery System platform include the ASSURE patient application, Kestra CareStation remote patient data platform, Heart Alert Services, and ASSURE Assist services. The ASSURE patient application engages patients with real-time mobile updates to promote compliance, while the Kestra CareStation remote patient data platform equips healthcare providers with actionable insights to support timely and informed care decisions. Heart Alert Services and ASSURE Assist services work together to enhance safety and are designed to provide critical alerts to healthcare providers for significant arrhythmias and notify emergency services when therapy is administered. This post-therapy EMS support is critical as a range of injuries, such as head injuries, soft tissue damage and bone fractures, can result from falling down after a SCA. In addition, the ASSURE wearable ECG as part of our Cardiac Recovery System platform provides monitoring and connectivity for patients no longer indicated for a WCD but who still require ongoing support while their heart continues to remodel. We believe we offer the most comprehensive and cohesive platform, with digital solutions and services that are seamlessly integrated with our ASSURE WCD, meaningfully differentiating our Cardiac Recovery System platform from the only other commercially available WCD. We are building a body of clinical evidence supporting the safety, efficacy, and benefits of the ASSURE WCD, with six publications completed to date. This growing portfolio includes our pivotal trials—the ASSURE WCD Clinical Evaluation—Detection and Safety Study (“ACE-DETECT”) and the ASSURE WCD Clinical Evaluation—Conversion Efficacy Study (“ACE-CONVERT”)—which served as the basis for our premarket approval (“PMA”). In addition, we are conducting the ASSURE WCD Clinical Evaluation—Post Approval Study (“ACE-PAS”) as part of a broader ongoing ASSURE Patient Registry. All patients prescribed the ASSURE WCD in the United States after August 5, 2022 are included in the Registry. As of January 31, 2025, our ongoing registry has enrolled over 17,000 patients, and its findings further validate the results of ACE-DETECT and ACE-CONVERT. Our most recent FDA submission from ACE-PAS from July 2024, which includes data from 5,929 patients, reported first shock conversion efficacy of approximately 96%, a low false alarm rate with only 6% of our patients experiencing a false alarm, compared to 46% for the competitor’s device, and a median daily use of 23.2 hours. These results underscore the ASSURE WCD’s competitive advantages in wearability, usability, and patient compliance, providing strong support for continued adoption. We believe this collection of real-world evidence will generate additional publications, continue to increase awareness of WCDs as a proven therapy for elevated risk cardiac patients and further demonstrate the clinical differentiation of our ASSURE WCD. We have made material investments in infrastructure to support rapid growth and scalability, specifically in our commercial organization, distribution and supply chain capabilities, as well as revenue cycle management capabilities. In the U.S., we have built a commercial sales team of approximately 70 direct sales representatives and more than 40 sales and clinical support professionals with deep expertise in cardiac rhythm management and established relationships in the cardiology and electrophysiology fields. This team is responsible for developing sales territory business plans, targeting and opening new accounts, and processing prescriptions of our ASSURE WCD. Our direct sales team is supported by a contracted team of over 250 ASSURE Patient Specialists (“APSs”) who assist patients with fitting and training. At fitting, we deliver our ASSURE WCD from our distribution network to the patient. We utilize a lease business model, and when a patient’s wear time has concluded, the device is returned for reprocessing and reintroduction into the distribution network. To support our growth, we have developed a highly scalable supply chain in collaboration with experienced, top-tier medical technology suppliers. Our substantial investment in a fleet of devices, each with a capacity for approximately three patient wears per year, are reprocessed through efficient reconditioning, which enables the business to scale with an attractive unit economic profile. Finally, our revenue cycle management capabilities streamline reimbursement processes by ensuring claims are accurately prepared and submitted according to individual payor requirements, facilitating timely collections. These capabilities are a critical asset in driving operational efficiency and supporting both patient and prescriber satisfaction. We believe our significant investments in infrastructure create a high barrier to entry that will help us protect and grow our market share. Kestra Medical Technologies, Ltd. is located in Kirkland, Washington.

2. Cantaloupe NASDAQ:USAT

Cantaloupe, Inc. is a software and payments company, which engages in the provision of end-to-end technology solutions for the unattended retail market. It offers Internet of Things (IoT) and machine-to-machine (M2M) services, which include the ability to remotely monitor, control, and report on the results of distributed assets containing the electronic payment solutions. The company was founded by George Raymond Jensen Jr. in January 1992 and is headquartered in Malvern, PA.

3. Flowco NYSE:FLOC

We are a leading provider of production optimization, artificial lift and methane abatement solutions for the oil and natural gas industry. Our products and services include a full range of equipment and technology solutions that enable our customers to efficiently and cost-effectively maximize the profitability and economic lifespan of the production phase of their operations. Our principal products and services are organized into two business segments: (i) Production Solutions; and (ii) Natural Gas Technologies. Our core technologies include high pressure gas lift (“HPGL”), conventional gas lift, plunger lift and vapor recovery unit (“VRU”) solutions, all of which are overlaid by our proprietary digital technologies and solutions that enable real-time remote monitoring and control to maximize efficiencies of our products and services. These products and services, including proprietary technologies such as HPGL, which was pioneered by Flowco, hold, in their respective categories, leading positions in growing markets, and are used extensively by the largest oil and natural gas producers primarily in the U.S. We generate revenues throughout the long producing lives of oil and gas wells, which may be able to produce for decades after being drilled and completed. As of September 30, 2024 we operated a fleet of over 4,300 active systems enabling consistent revenue generation. We also sell other products and services that help our customers optimize the value of their assets. We believe that the demand for our products and services is more stable than demand for drilling and completion related services, and this demand has resulted in a more durable, recurring cash flow for our products and services than is typical in many other oilfield services. The production phase of a new oil or natural gas well begins when it is brought online. From this point forward, the rate of production is determined by the geological characteristics of the reservoir from which the well is producing, the design and construction of the wellbore from the reservoir to the surface, and the elapsed time since the well is brought online. This rate of production typically falls over time as the natural reservoir pressure declines and becomes insufficient to bring oil to the surface. This decline is particularly steep for shale wells found in onshore North American oil and natural gas basins. Artificial lift and production optimization technologies are essential to counteracting this decline, increasing production rates, and maximizing hydrocarbon recovery, all of which improve the economics of a producing well. Artificial lift enables the economic production of oil and natural gas from shale wells that would be otherwise uneconomic. As a result, operating expenses associated with production optimization are less discretionary in nature, placing our solutions on a critical path for producers to generate positive returns and maximize the value of their wells. Furthermore, the production phase is the most stable and least capital-intensive phase of the well lifecycle, driving consistent revenue, durable earnings and stable through-cycle performance for our business. Our products are chosen due to their reliability and ability to aid our customers in achieving maximum output and cash flow from their producing wells. Our products and services also integrate proprietary digital technologies that allow for remote monitoring and other enhanced uses of our equipment. Our VRUs and other methane abatement solutions capture fugitive emissions of methane, which is a natural byproduct of oil production. As oil flows to the surface and is processed at the wellsite, methane is released as associated gas. Since methane is a very small molecule, much of it escapes as fugitive emissions. In addition, many sources of potential methane emissions exist throughout the natural gas value chain. By capturing these fugitive emissions, our VRUs and other methane abatement solutions allow for monetization of the resulting incremental natural gas volumes and enable our customers to meet their decarbonization goals and comply with regulatory requirements. These innovative and proprietary methane abatement solutions extend across each of our core technologies and can be used on their own as well as in conjunction with our other products and services. Demand for these solutions was initially driven by safety benefits, but accelerated as producers became more aware of the value of monetizing captured vapors, leading to high return on investment outcomes for our customers. Due to recent and emerging regulatory requirements aimed at reducing fugitive methane emissions across oil and natural gas operations from numerous Federal and state-level entities, operating expenses associated with our methane abatement solutions have become increasingly required and therefore non-discretionary in nature. We hold a leading position in the rapidly growing VRU market, which is driven by both economic and environmental benefits, and we have helped drive adoption of our methane abatement solutions with our customers. --- We have an operating presence in every major onshore oil and natural gas producing region in the U.S. and have cultivated deep and longstanding customer relationships with leading oil and natural gas producers in each region, including supermajors and large independent producers. We are headquartered in Houston, Texas with major service facilities in Midland, Texas; Carlsbad, New Mexico; and Williston, North Dakota. We operate manufacturing and repair facilities in El Reno, Oklahoma; Houston, Fort Worth, Kilgore and Pampa, Texas; and Lafayette, Louisiana. Our service centers are geographically positioned near our customers’ operations, enabling us to rapidly deploy our solutions and provide responsive, high-quality service nationwide. Our business currently operates under two segments: (i) Production Solutions; and (ii) Natural Gas Technologies. Production Solutions. We design and deliver products and services that enable our customers to optimize oil and natural gas production rates and volumes to maximize cash flow over the decades-long lives of their wells. We provide systems applicable to wells from initial production through their natural decline to late-life production, as well as digital technologies that enable the optimization of our systems’ performance and uptime. We also provide methane abatement solutions that enable our customers to capture and monetize fugitive methane emissions, improving the profitability of their wells and their compliance with recent and forthcoming emissions-related regulatory requirements. On a given well, our customers often use three of our production solutions offerings concurrently, utilizing our digital technologies and methane abatement solutions in conjunction with HPGL, conventional gas lift or plunger lift. Furthermore, in many instances, our customers utilize all of our production solutions over the life of a well, as our HPGL transitions to conventional gas lift in mid-stage production, which transitions to plunger lift in later-stage production. In some instances, customers install conventional gas lift components such as side-pocket mandrels at the same time as HPGL, even though the former may not be used for more than a year. We believe our integrated scope of services throughout the life of the well promotes retention and long-term partnerships with our customers. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, this segment contributed $327.8 million, or 60% of our pro forma revenue. Our production solutions include: • High Pressure Gas Lift. HPGL systems are placed at the wellsite to inject pressurized natural gas into the wellbore. These systems are typically installed when a well is initially brought online and utilized for the first one to two years of the well’s life. High pressure gas injected deep in the well lightens the liquid column, enabling the flow of oil from the formation into the wellbore at flow rates significantly higher than what is otherwise possible. We believe our HPGL systems can deliver the same, or better, production rates when compared to electric submersible pump (“ESP”) systems, which are commonly used for the initial phase of a well’s production. We developed HPGL technology to address several issues in shale well production which became apparent when the shales emerged as a major new source of oil and which can impact the reliability of ESPs. HPGL is designed to operate effectively over a wide range of production rates and to be resilient to produced sand. The rapid decline rates and sand production typical of shale wells can lead to failure of ESP systems, resulting in lost production and a costly intervention and replacement of downhole components. Unlike ESPs, HPGL requires no downhole components beyond the tubing string that is installed on all unconventional wells. The system is entirely controlled and accessible from the surface, leading to improved uptime and return on investment for the producer. HPGL units are provided to customers under contracts which are typically renewed multiple times. We believe the high level of contract renewal is due to the high reliability of our systems and our high levels of customer service. • Conventional Gas Lift. Conventional gas lift systems utilize surface systems placed at the wellsite to inject pressurized natural gas into the wellbore via a series of specifically tuned downhole valves. Conventional gas lift is typically installed after HPGL and utilized in the mid- to late-stage of a well’s producing life. We are the only company capable of providing a comprehensive, customized conventional gas lift system since we provide both surface gas lift systems and high-precision downhole valves, mandrels and gauges. Over the life of the well, we work closely with our customers to modify both the surface and downhole equipment to optimize the value of the well as conditions change. This process of technical consultation and provision of new services and products continues throughout the life of the well, which may span a decade or more. • Plunger Lift. We sell proprietary plunger lift systems that use the well’s natural energy to lift produced liquids to surface. These systems first allow the well’s natural pressure to build and then release the pressure into production equipment at surface, then repeat the cycle. The periodic release of pressure lifts produced liquids to surface, enabling the production of both oil and natural gas. Plunger lift systems are typically installed on wells that have already been producing for multiple years. In many instances, customers transition from our conventional gas lift systems to our plunger lift systems, often as a direct result of our life-of-well integrated solutions. In recent years, plunger usage has increased due to new designs that have widened its applicability, further enhanced by our digital solutions that can optimize the timing of the process. As a result, we are seeing increased adoption of our plunger lift solutions and displacement of rod lift. We sell plunger lift systems to our customers both upon initial installation of a plunger lift system and thereafter as these multi-year solutions require routine maintenance and replacement of key components. Applicability of our plunger lift systems has also expanded with the development of hybrid systems combining gas and plunger lift: plunger-assisted gas lift (“PAGL”); and gas-assisted plunger lift (“GAPL”). In these applications, the build-up of formation gas pressure is supplemented with surface equipment that we also provide for conventional gas lift applications. • Digital Solutions. We employ innovative and proprietary digital solutions to enhance the performance of our various Production Solutions segment offerings, enabling our customers to improve their oil and gas well economics by making more informed and timely operational decisions. Our proprietary Vizion downhole gauges are designed to operate in extreme downhole conditions, providing producers with accurate real-time information about the well, reservoir and lift system to improve critical decision making. Our remote monitoring solutions allow our customers to remotely monitor and optimize production across their well pads. Our automation solutions easily integrate with our gauges, devices and control systems to enable producers to effectively and efficiently operate their wells. • Methane Abatement Technologies. We also manufacture and install proprietary methane abatement technologies that allow producers to reduce fugitive methane emissions associated with their wellsite operations. Marketed under our ZTECH4 brand name, these include Sentry, our bolt-on emissions reduction technology that can be retrofitted to compressor packages; and Vault, our natural gas recycling system that reduces the need to flare or vent methane during maintenance. In all cases, our methane abatement technologies enable the operator to monetize valuable methane and to meet their decarbonization goals. Natural Gas Technologies. We design and manufacture products and provide services that allow our customers to optimize cash flow related to natural gas production and monetize or utilize fugitive emissions related to producing oil and natural gas wells and other emissions-prone operations. We also provide ancillary and complementary products and services, as well as develop and sell related digital solutions in connection with these technologies. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, this segment contributed $219.5 million, or 40% of our pro forma revenue. Our natural gas technologies include: • Vapor Recovery. We manufacture, rent, sell and service VRU systems that capture fugitive natural gas vapors through a specialized system stationed on a well pad or in proximity to any methane emissions-prone component in the natural gas and unconventional oil value chains. The fugitive vapors are then compressed and typically delivered into the sales line for monetization by the customer or can be returned downhole to assist with artificial lift or production optimization. Our VRU systems employ digital applications that provide real-time data monitoring, predictive maintenance analytics and remote control, driving uptime and cash flows for our customers and preserving and maintaining our VRU assets. We offer most of our VRU systems on a contracted basis to our customers. We believe we have a high rate of contract renewal and long-term deployments due to the high reliability of our systems and our high levels of customer service. In addition, when requested, we will also sell systems directly to customers. • Natural Gas Systems. We manufacture natural gas systems at our domestic facilities. We focus on packaging systems tailored to production optimization applications, including those provided by our Production Solutions segment. In addition to manufacturing units for our own use in our Production Solutions segment, we also sell these systems directly to traditional contract systems service providers. --- We leverage our domestic manufacturing capabilities to ensure delivery of high-quality products with industry-best reliability and uptime, as well as to reduce our exposure to global supply chains. Our vertically integrated business model reduces the capital intensity associated with maintaining and growing our fleet of service equipment by capturing the manufacturing margin, reducing lead times of equipment deliveries and enabling us to optimize our inventory levels. This improves payback periods across most of our major product categories and streamlines commercialization of new innovations being incorporated into our Production Solutions segment. We believe that our control of these processes allows us to optimize inventory levels and to our customers’ evolving needs, while also facilitating innovation and improvements to our solutions offerings. We supply critical equipment and services to the top oil and natural gas producers, who rely on our expertise to optimize the flow of oil and natural gas for the decades after wells have been drilled and completed. As producers further consolidate, we expect they will continue to manage capital expenditures related to their drilling and completion programs while focusing on optimizing and maximizing the value of their production streams. Our revenue generation is diversified across a wide range of customers. Our top ten customer accounts represent approximately 51% of our total pro forma revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. We have strong relationships with our key customers, and given our market leadership in our main segments, we have successfully worked with our customers to bring new solutions to market. Our differentiated products and services drive superior returns for our customers and have facilitated strong and lasting relationships with our diversified customer base. We have a long history and successful track record of innovation and high-quality service to our customers. Flowco’s two business segments are underpinned by well-known and established brands with reputations for superior performance and reliability. These brands include (i) Estis; (ii) Flowco Production Solutions; and (iii) Flogistix. Estis was founded in 2002 as a leader in compression and artificial lift technologies serving the HPGL and traditional gas lift markets. Flowco Production Solutions was founded in 2014 as a leader in gas lift and other artificial lift solutions with a comprehensive offering of gas lift and plunger lift products. Flogistix was founded in 2011 as a premier production optimization and atmospheric solutions provider with an emphasis on vapor recovery solutions. The three brands were combined in June 2024 to create Flowco as a pure play market leader for production optimization, artificial lift and methane abatement solutions. By uniting the three companies, we can offer comprehensive solutions that enable our customers to maximize cash flow over the decades-long lives of their wells. Flowco Holdings Inc., the issuer of the Class A common stock in this offering, was incorporated as a Delaware corporation on July 25, 2024. Our corporate headquarters are located at 1300 Post Oak Blvd., Suite 450, Houston, Texas.

4. SANUWAVE Health NASDAQ:SNWV

SANUWAVE Health, Inc., a shock wave technology company, researches, develops, and commercializes noninvasive, high-energy, and acoustic shock waves for regenerative medicine and other applications in the United States and internationally. Its shockwaves are used to produce a biological response resulting in the body healing itself through the repair and regeneration of tissue, and musculoskeletal and vascular structures. The company's lead regenerative product is the dermaPACE device for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Its portfolio of healthcare products and product candidates activate biologic signaling and angiogenic responses, including new vascularization and microcirculatory improvement, which helps to restore the body's normal healing processes and regeneration. The company also focuses on applying its Pulsed Acoustic Cellular Expression technology in wound healing, orthopedic, plastic/cosmetic, and cardiac conditions. In addition, it offers UltraMIST, non-contact and non-thermal ultrasound therapy device used to treat diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, venous leg ulcers, deep tissue pressure injuries, and surgical wounds; and orthoPACE system to treat tendinopathies and acute and nonunion fractures. The company was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in Suwanee, Georgia.

5. FBR & Co. NASDAQ:FBRC

FBR & Co. is an investment banking and institutional brokerage company. The Company focuses on the equity capital markets. The Company operates through two segments: capital markets, which includes investment banking, institutional brokerage and research, and principal investing. Through its broker-dealer operating subsidiaries, the Company focuses its business on providing: capital raising services, including underwriting and placement of public and private equity, equity-linked and debt securities; financial advisory services, including merger and acquisition (M&A) advisory, restructuring, liability management, recapitalization and strategic alternative analysis; institutional sales and trading services focused on equities, equity-linked securities, listed options, high-yield bonds, senior debt and bank loans, as well as securities lending activities, and differentiated securities research.

6. Aduro Clean Technologies NASDAQ:ADUR

Aduro Clean Technologies is a developer of patented water-based technologies to chemically recycle waste plastics; convert heavy crude and bitumen into lighter, more valuable oil and transform renewable oils into higher-value fuels or renewable chemicals. Aduro Clean Technologies is based in LONDON, Ontario.

7. Luda Technology Group NYSE:LUD

We are a manufacturer and trader of stainless steel and carbon steel flanges and fittings products. Our history began with Luda HK which was incorporated in Hong Kong in 2004 and is principally engaged in the trading of steel flanges and fittings. In 2005, the Company’s business expanded further upstream when Luda PRC was set up to commence the manufacturing of flanges and fittings with self-owned factory in China. We have established an operation history of over 20 years. We are principally engaged in (i) the manufacture and sale of stainless steel and carbon steel flanges and fittings products; and (ii) trading of steel pipes, valves, and other steel tubing products. We are headquartered in Hong Kong with manufacturing base in Taian City, Shandong Province of the PRC. Our sales network comprises customers from China, South America, Australia, Europe, Asia (excluding China) and North America and our customers comprise manufacturers and traders from the chemical, petrochemical, maritime and manufacturing industries. Our principal office is located in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

8. Leishen Energy NASDAQ:LSE

Leishen Cayman is a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. As a holding company with no material operations of its own, Leishen Cayman conducts substantially all of the operations through its Operating Subsidiaries. Our primary office is located in Beijing, China, from which we serve a large customer base throughout the PRC. Our Group comprises 12 subsidiaries, established in, having branches, offices or customer service centers in the Xinjiang, Sichuan, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces of China, as well as Hong Kong. --- The Leishen Group was founded in 2007 and is a provider of clean-energy equipment and integrated solutions for the oil and gas industry, with a commitment to providing customers with high-performance, safe and cost-effective energy solutions. Our businesses include (i) designing and supplying equipment for the clean-energy industry; (ii) oil and gas engineering technical services; (iii) new energy production and operation; and (iv) digitalization and integration equipment. At present, the Group holds more than 75 patents and software copyrights, forming a comprehensive ecosystem of core technical capabilities. Currently, our business operations have expanded to many countries and regions, such as Central Asia, and Southeast Asia, and our service abilities and quality have been widely recognized and praised by foreign customers. Efficient, safe and energy-saving equipment combined with professional technical services have enabled our brand to gain positive attention and recognition from our customers and enabled us to become a well-known equipment and services provider in the oil and gas industry. --- Our two manufacturing plants are in Chengdu, Sichuan province, PRC. Two of our primary Operating Subsidiaries, ZJY Technologies Co., Ltd. and China Oil Blue Ocean Petroleum Technology Inc. were founded in 2007, and we have over 16 years of operational history. Throughout our operating history, we continued to establish other Operating Subsidiaries as we expanded our global footprint and business lines in the 2010s and 2020s. Leishen Cayman was incorporated under the laws of Cayman Islands on October 19, 2022, as the holding company of our Group. We are also in the process of establishing overseas customer service centers in Dubai to cover the Middle East, Kazakhstan to cover the Central Asia, Chad to cover the West Africa and Indonesia to cover the Southeast Asia regions. BUSINESS SEGMENTS Through more than 16 years of operating history in the oil and gas industry, we have accumulated substantial experience and proprietary know-how, and are applying our hard-earned expertise into our businesses, which are divided into the following four segments: Clean-Energy Equipment Based on the different needs of customers and varying production environments, we design customized solutions for our clients, and supply our customers with a wide variety of equipment, such as reciprocating compressor units, hydrogen compressors, expansion units, wellhead heating systems (electromagnetic/solar energy), wellhead safety control systems, oil-water separation systems, natural gas online sampling systems, oil and gas skid-mounted equipment, expansion differential pressure power generation equipment, solar furnace, polymer flexible composite pipes and low temperature automation instruments. Revenues from sales of our clean-energy equipment were $39,581,383 and $18,697,671 for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and $21,184,069 and $12,010,158 for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Gross profit for our clean-energy equipment sales increased by $5,636,192 to $11,867,463 for the year ended September 30, 2023, compared to $6,231,271 in 2022, and increased by $4,742,868 to $8,158,215 for the six months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $3,415,347 for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Oil and Gas Engineering Technical Services We provide customers with a broad range of products and technical solutions for oil and gas production to meet the different needs of oilfield users and production site geographical conditions, and achieve clients’ objectives for production maximization, cost reduction and operational reliability. More specifically, we design and customize various pressurization gas injection units, coupled with ancillary services such as equipment leasing, technical personnel support and remote expert product diagnosis, in order to help our customers attain heightened productivity and efficiency. We also offer various types of professional services, such as equipment maintenance, spare parts supply, upgrading and customization, and other technical services to our customers. Leveraging on our long-term cooperative relationships with world-renowned brand owners, we can establish a spare parts reserve warehouse at the customer’s site to provide integrated and timely operation support for the transportation, maintenance, repair, and troubleshooting of the user’s on-site equipment. Revenues from our oil and gas field engineering technical services were $6,933,984 and $5,949,349 for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and $3,005,168 and $3,219,672 for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Gross profit for our oil and gas field engineering technical services segment increased to $5,841,824 for the year ended September 30, 2023 from $4,966,560 in 2022, and decreased to $1,919,484 for the six months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $2,654,054 for the six months ended March 31, 2023. New Energy Production and Operation We focus on the planning and operation of LNG and CNG processing and sales, and new energy industries We are committed to providing customers with natural gas and other multi-category clean-energy resources, providing integrated solutions and developing diversified products and operational services centered around customer needs. Revenues from sales of new energy were $23,204,437 and $17,713,342 for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and $14,000,065 and $11,948,300 for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Gross profit for sales of new energy decreased by $1,248,361 to $459,218 for the year ended September 30, 2023, compared to $1,707,579 for 2022, and decreased by $135,357 to $432,009 for the six months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $567,366 for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Digitalization and Integration Equipment Leveraging on our years of practical experience in the oil and gas industry, and in anticipation of future trends of industrial interconnectivity, our Digitalization and Integration business is designed to provide informatization solutions for the industry chain which is being met with industrial intelligence, mobility, industrial interconnection and big data trends. At present, this business segment is centered on creating digitally managed oilfields (equipped with predictive technologies for the maintenance and management of equipment, health, safety and environment monitoring and intelligent inspection, intelligent central control rooms etc.), digitalized oil and gas transportation, intelligent manufacturing and warehousing, and intelligent hardware. Revenues from sales of our digitalization and integration equipment were $3,364,644 and $4,356,143 for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1,694,214 and $2,052,231 for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Gross profit for our digitalization and integration equipment sales decreased by $419,589 to $210,536 for the year ended September 30, 2023, compared to $630,125 in 2022, and increased by $349,690 to $410,449 for the six months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $60,759 for the six months ended March 31, 2023. Our principal executive office is located at 103 Huizhong Li, B Building, Peking Times Square, Unit 15B10, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is at 89 Nexus Way, Camana Bay, Grand Cayman, KY1-9009, Cayman Islands. The legal name of Leishen Cayman is Leishen Energy Holding Co., Ltd. Our agent for service of process in the United States is Puglisi & Associates at 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware.

9. Maxpro Capital Acquisition NASDAQ:JMAC

Maxpro Capital Acquisition Corp. does not have significant operations. It intends to effect a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. The company was incorporated in 2021 and is based in Taipei City, Taiwan.

10. Faraday Future Intelligent Electric NASDAQ:FFAI

Faraday Future Intelligent Electric Inc. engages in the design, development, manufacture, engineering, sale, and distribution of electric vehicles and related products in the United States and internationally. The company was founded in 2014 and is headquartered in Gardena, California.

11. Captivision NASDAQ:CAPT

Captivision Inc. engages in the development and manufacture of an architectural media glass product called G-Glass which is an IT-enabled construction material capable of transforming buildings into digital media devices. The company was founded on February 24, 2023 and is headquartered in Nailsworth, the United Kingdom.

12. Picocela NASDAQ:PCLA

PicoCELA, Inc. engages in the manufacturing, installation, and services for enterprise wireless mesh solutions. It also offers wireless multi-hop relay devices. The company was founded by Hiroshi Furukawa on August 8, 2008 and is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

13. Linkers Industries NASDAQ:LNKS

Linkers Industries Ltd. is a holding company, which engages in the business of manufacturing, supplying, and selling connectors, assemblies, wire, and cable harnesses. It operates through the following geographical segments: Thailand, Malaysia, Switzerland, the United States of America, and Others. The company was founded on December 8, 2022 and is headquartered in Sungai Petani, Malaysia.

14. PowerUp Acquisition NASDAQ:PWUP

PowerUp Acquisition Corp. does not have significant operations. The company focuses on effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. It intends to focus on video gaming, gaming adjacent, and metaverse businesses. PowerUp Acquisition Corp. was incorporated in 2021 and is based in New York, New York.

15. Mana Capital Acquisition NASDAQ:MAAQ

Mana Capital Acquisition Corp. focuses on engaging in a merger, stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization, or other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. It intends to focus on businesses operating in the healthcare, technology, green economy, and consumer products sectors in North America, Europe, and Asia. The company was incorporated in 2021 and is based in Dover, Delaware.

16. Capstone NASDAQ:CAPS

Capstone Therapeutics Corp., a biotechnology company, develops novel peptides and other molecules for helping patients with under-served medical conditions in the United States. It develops Apo E mimetic peptide molecule AEM-28 and its analogs that have completed Phase Ia and Phase Ib/IIa clinical trials for lipoprotein metabolism. The company was formerly known as OrthoLogic Corp. and changed its name to Capstone Therapeutics Corp. in May 2010. Capstone Therapeutics Corp. was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Tempe, Arizona.

17. Rosecliff Acquisition Corp I NASDAQ:RCLFW

Spectral AI, Inc. operates as an artificial intelligence (AI) company. The company focuses on medical diagnostics for faster and accurate treatment decisions in wound care with applications involving patients with burns and diabetic foot ulcers. Its products include DeepView, a predictive diagnostic device that offers clinicians an objective and immediate assessment of a wound's healing potential prior to treatment or other medical intervention. The company is based in Dallas, Texas.

18. Neonc Technologies NASDAQ:NTHI

Neonc Technologies Holdings, Inc. develops novel molecular technology that provides enhanced targeted delivery of technologies for treating central nervous system diseases. Its lead products in development include NEO100, which is in Phase 2a clinical trials for treating glioblastoma; and NEO212, a covalently conjugated molecule combining the chemotherapeutic drug temozolomide with perillyl alcohol that is completed preclinical testing. The company was incorporated in 2023 and is based in Los Angeles, California.

19. Palladyne AI NASDAQ:STRCW

Palladyne AI Corp., a software company, focuses on delivering software that enhances the utility and functionality of third-party stationary and mobile robotic systems in the United States. Its Artificial Intelligence (AI)/ Machine Learning (ML) software platform enables robots to observe, learn, reason, and act in structured and unstructured environments. The company's software platform enables robotic systems to perceive their environment and quickly adapt to changing circumstances by generalizing from their experience using dynamic real-time operations without extensive programming and with minimal robot training. It serves customers from various industries, such as industrial manufacturing, warehousing and logistics, defense, infrastructure maintenance and repair, energy, aerospace and aviation, and others. The company was formerly known as Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation and changed its name to Palladyne AI Corp. in March 2024. Palladyne AI Corp. was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah.

20. NorthView Acquisition NASDAQ:NVACR

NorthView Acquisition Corporation does not have significant operations. The company intends to effect a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. It also intends to focus its search on businesses that are focused on healthcare sector. The company was incorporated in 2021 and is based in New York, New York. NorthView Acquisition Corporation operates as a subsidiary of NorthView Sponsor I, LLC.

21. TradeUP Acquisition NASDAQ:UPTDW

Estrella Immunopharma, Inc., a preclinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, develops T-cell therapies for blood cancers and solid tumors in the United States. The company's lead product candidates include EB103 for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and is in pre clinical trial; and EB104 to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia. It has a collaborative partnership with Imugene Limited for the development of solid tumor treatments using Imugene's product candidate CF33-CD19t in conjunction with EB103. Estrella Immunopharma, Inc. is based in EmeryVille, California.

22. Psyence Biomedical NASDAQ:PBMWW

23. Welsbach Technology Metals Acquisition NASDAQ:WTMAR

Welsbach Technology Metals Acquisition Corp. does not have significant operations. The company focuses on effecting a merger, stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. It intends to focus on the technology metals and energy transition metals sectors. Welsbach Technology Metals Acquisition Corp. was incorporated in 2021 and is based in Lombard, Illinois.

24. Captivision NASDAQ:CAPTW

25. J-Star NASDAQ:YMAT

26. Cortigent NASDAQ:CRGT

Cortigent, through its predecessor Second Sight Medical Products, Inc., is a pioneer in developing precision (targeted) neurostimulation systems to help patients recover critical body functions. Our technology combines advanced neuroscience with proprietary microelectronics, software, and data processing capabilities to provide artificial vision and potentially restore muscle movement. Our first commercial system, Argus II®, a retinal implant, was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under a Humanitarian Device Exemption (“HDE”) and has provided artificial vision to hundreds of profoundly blind people who were implanted with this device. Building on this neurostimulation platform we have completed an early feasibility clinical trial to evaluate a more advanced system for artificial vision that we call “Orion.” We are further exploring the application of our Orion® neurostimulation technology for accelerating the recovery of arm and hand function in patients who are partially paralyzed due to stroke. In February 2023, we held a meeting with FDA staff to commence discussions of an early feasibility clinical study in stroke victims. We believe that additional future applications of our platform technology may have the potential to generate substantial business growth over time. Both the Argus II and Orion devices create artificial vision by using electrical stimulation. Artificial vision does not restore normal stereoscopic vision or vision with color but rather perceptions of light and shapes requiring implantees to interpret their environment through specialized training. This artificial vision can aid in supporting basic tasks such as finding a doorway, detecting another person’s presence, following a sidewalk or locating an object. For the Argus II device, the stimulation is delivered to the surviving cells of the retina which convey the activity to the brain via the optic nerve. For the Orion device, electrical stimulation is delivered directly to the visual cortex, the region of the brain responsible for vision. The pattern of electrical stimulation corresponds to the images captured by a small video camera mounted in the center of the glasses that the patient wears and is connected to the video processing unit (“VPU”). The VPU is a battery-powered device worn by the user, typically on a belt or a strap, that sends power and stimulation commands to the implant and receives diagnostic information from the implant via the external antenna of the glasses. Argus II users undergo surgery to implant an electrode array inside the eye on the surface of the retina and affix a small electronics case (like a metal button) and an antenna to the outer surface of the eye. A small cable traverses the eye wall, connecting the electronics case to the array. Orion users undergo cranial surgery to implant an electrode array placed on the surface of the brain on the visual cortex and have a small electronics case and an antenna implanted on the outside of the skull, but completely covered by the scalp. A small cable passes through the skull to connect the array to the electronics case. No part of the device penetrates or cuts into the brain tissue itself. The quality of the artificial vision created by both the Argus II and Orion systems varies from patient to patient. The perception typically appears as a collection of up to 60 small points of light that correspond to the brightness of the different regions of the visual image detected by a camera. With scanning and repetition, patients can use their perception of the lights to construct a better understanding of their environment. The Argus II design process began in 2004. The Argus II was a novel device that required the components to be developed internally. The Argus II feasibility study commenced in 2006. In March 2011, the Argus II® Retinal Prosthesis System was approved for commercial use in the European Union to provide visual perception in patients with profound blindness due to retinitis pigmentosa (“RP”), a rare condition. The device was initially available in the United Kingdom, France, Germany and several other countries at a price of approximately USD $115,000. In February 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Argus II under a Humanitarian Device Exemption, and in August 2013 the reimbursement price for Medicare patients was approved at approximately $150,000. More than 350 profoundly blind people around the world have received Argus II retinal implants. Many of these patients have been using their Argus implants for more than ten years, confirming our high manufacturing standards and product reliability. The market opportunity for the Argus II was limited to the small number of patients who have profound blindness due to RP, and we discontinued production and marketing of the Argus system in 2019 due to resulting commercial considerations. To make artificial vision available to a much larger group of individuals who are blind due to a wider range of causes, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, optic nerve injury or disease and eye injury, we designed and built our next generation system, the Orion® Visual Cortical Prosthesis System (“Orion”). The Orion system leverages our 20 years of experience in precision neurostimulation for artificial vision. To be eligible for the Orion system, patients must be bilaterally blind with bare or no light perception. This is defined as non-measurable binocular visual acuity, or 5° or less visual field in each eye. We refer to these eligibility criteria as “profound blindness.” Cranial surgery is required to place the electrode array onto the brain’s surface; the Orion system has been designed not to penetrate the brain tissue. The design process began in 2014 and required substantial changes to the Argus II implant electronics to generate higher currents with a redesigned array for implantation on the brain cortex rather than within the eye. In November 2017 we commenced an Early Feasibility Study (EFS) of Orion in six patients who enrolled at two medical sites, the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles (“UCLA”) and the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston (“Baylor”). Regularly scheduled visits at both sites were paused in mid-March 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak; visits at UCLA resumed in September 2020 and at Baylor in December 2020. Three of the six patients were explanted after the third year of the study and the remaining three patients continue to use their devices outside of the clinic. We have three-year safety data for all six subjects, and five-year safety data for three subjects: . Orion safety data: Five subjects experienced a total of seventeen adverse events (AEs) and one subject did not report any adverse events related to the device or to surgery through July 2024. One was considered a serious adverse event (SAE) and all other adverse events were not serious. The single SAE, a seizure, occurred about three months post-implant, was resolved safely and quickly, and did not require a hospital stay. The investigators determined that this SAE was device-related and not unexpected as it had been disclosed as a potential safety risk in the patient informed consent form. The SAE occurred as we attempted to explore the optimal treatment frequency, which is a key stimulation parameter. The SAE occurred at a specific frequency. All adverse events are evaluated by an independent medical safety monitoring (IMSM) committee. With the IMSM committee’s input, we thereafter kept stimulation frequencies for all patients below the level that induced the SAE, and we have not observed any other seizures in this or any other participant. The FDA requires medical device manufacturers to follow 21 CFR 820 and maintain a Quality Management System (QMS). As a part of our QMS, we conform to ISO 14971, an FDA-recognized standard, to identify the hazards associated with the medical device, to estimate and evaluate the associated risks, to control these risks, and to monitor the effectiveness of the controls. There have been no serious adverse events due to the device or surgery since June 2018. One patient chose to have the device explanted before the 36th month due to an unrelated medical condition. Two other patients subsequently requested explantation for reasons unrelated to the device’s efficacy or safety. Cortigent’s independent medical safety monitor (IMSM) has determined that the reasons for these explants were not related to the device or the surgery. We have three-year efficacy data for five of the six original subjects (one did not participate in this assessment), and five-year efficacy data for three subjects: . Orion efficacy data: We assess efficacy by looking at three measures of visual function: 1) Square localization – Orion subjects sit in front of a touch screen and are asked to touch within the boundaries of a square when it appears; 2) Direction of motion – Subjects are asked to identify the direction of the motion of a line that traverses a screen; and 3) Grating visual acuity – a measure of visual acuity that is adapted for very low vision. Five of the six original subjects completed the planned efficacy assessments at 36 months post-implant and three completed these assessments at 60 months. – For square localization, at 36 months five of the six original subjects remained in the study and all performed significantly better with the system turned on versus turned off. At 60 months, three of the six original subjects remained in the study and all performed significantly better. – For direction of motion, at 36 months the five subjects remaining in the study all performed significantly better with the system turned on than with it turned off. At 60 months, the three subjects remaining in the study all performed significantly better. – For grating visual acuity, at 36 months two of the five subjects remaining in the study had measurable visual acuity with the system turned on compared to none with the device turned off. At 60 months, two of three remaining subjects had measurable visual acuity. Another efficacy measurement of day-to-day functionality and benefit is the Functional Low-Vision Observer Rated Assessment (FLORA). The FLORA assessments were performed by an independent, third-party specialist who spent time with the subjects in their homes. The specialist asked each subject a series of questions and observed them performing 15 or more daily living tasks with the Orion system turned on and with it turned off, such as finding light sources, following a sidewalk, or sorting laundry. The specialist then determined if the system was providing a benefit, was neutral, or impaired the subject’s ability to perform these tasks. Four of four subjects who completed the FLORA evaluation at 36 months had positive or mildly positive results indicating that the Orion system was providing benefit. This evaluation was not performed at the 60-month timepoint. Cortigent is planning to work with the FDA to gain agreement on the additional clinical studies that will be required to secure marketing approval for Orion. The FDA categorizes electronic medical devices that are implanted as Class III. Both the Argus II and Orion are in this Class III category and require FDA approval. Class III devices face higher burdens to attain regulatory approval; Cortigent (formerly Second Sight Medical) successfully navigated this approval process with the Argus II system. The Argus II clinical trial enrolled patients with late-stage retinitis pigmentosa, a rare disease, affecting less than four thousand Americans. This small potential market size of fewer than 8,000 individuals enabled the Argus II to qualify for a Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE) which the FDA granted in February 2013. In November 2017, the FDA granted an Expedited Access Pathway (EAP) designation to the Orion system to treat individuals who are bilaterally blind due to non-cortical etiology and who are not candidates for any other commercially approved vision restoration therapy. The Breakthrough Device Program (BDP) subsumed the EAP program and its devices in December 2018. Breakthrough Device designations, such as granted to Orion, are intended to accelerate medical device development, assessment, and review, while preserving the statutory standards for premarket approval. The potential patient population for Orion is expected to include blindness due to most common causes, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, eye trauma, optic nerve damage, and retinitis pigmentosa. According to a company-sponsored 2018 study by Fletcher Spaght Inc., there are about 82,000 Americans who could potentially benefit from the Orion system. We are developing a platform technology with multiple potential applications: Our current-generation miniature neurostimulation device with 60 independently controlled cortical stimulation channels, supported by reliability data from the Argus II and Orion programs, is expected to serve as a platform for targeting other conditions with high unmet medical need. Technical evaluations of potential new indications for the technology began in 2021. We believe that our most promising next target will be to apply cortical neurostimulation to improve recovery of arm and hand function in partially paralyzed stroke patients who are undergoing rehabilitation after stroke. This medical treatment concept is supported by evidence from clinical studies conducted by Northstar Neuroscience, Inc. in the early 2000s using a single-channel electrical stimulation device that was placed on the motor cortex, the area of the brain surface that controls hand and arm motion (the same surface area of the brain where our device will be placed). Northstar reported achieving positive patient results in its Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical studies (Cramer 2007) but a pivotal Phase 3 study failed to achieve statistical significance at the 4-week primary endpoint. Northstar was unable to obtain FDA approval and was eventually dissolved. It has been reported that a clinical benefit was demonstrated at six months (Levy 2016). We believe that our 60-channel cortical stimulation device has the potential to target neuron bundles more precisely and generate favorable clinical results. Like Orion, the stroke recovery system will require cranial surgery; in this case to place the electrode array on the motor cortex. We began to design the stroke system in 2022, and during February 2023 we studied what we believe to be the optimal array placement on the motor cortex of a cadaver. We have filed an NIH grant application to seek non-dilutive funding to support this program but it was not initially awarded. We plan to reapply for grant funding in early 2025. In addition, in February 2023 we held a pre-submission (“Pre-Sub”) meeting with FDA staff to discuss commencing an Early Feasibility Study of the stroke recovery system. We applied for a Breakthrough Device designation for the stroke recovery system in April 2023 and the FDA responded that human clinical data will be needed to make this determination. If we fail to secure this designation, we may experience slower interactions with the FDA that could delay our projected development timelines. We are targeting substantial revenue opportunities: The Orion system, designed to provide visual perception to profoundly blind people, has a target market of approximately 82,000 individuals in the U.S., assuming the planned indication is achieved (profound blindness due to glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, optic nerve injury or disease and eye injury), based on a study by an independent market research firm engaged by Cortigent. We believe that about one-third of these patients could be reached by a marketing program. Depending on study results to assess clinical utility, Cortigent may seek reimbursement similar to or higher than the $150,000 per device that was approved by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) for the Argus II system. These assumptions translate into an estimated total addressable U.S. market size that could potentially exceed $4 billion at the time of launch. We believe that there are substantially more blind people who could potentially benefit from Orion in Europe, Asia and other world areas. There are approximately 7.6 million living Americans who have reported a stroke in their lifetime. (Tsao 2022). Consequently, we believe that the sales potential for a medical device system that can help improve motoric function in partially paralyzed stroke victims is very large. Each year approximately 610,000 Americans have a first stroke (Kissela 2012). Among the over 80% of people who survive a first stroke, the most common neurological deficit is motor weakness on one side of the body (hemiparesis), and approximately 40% of these stroke victims suffer moderate to severe motor impairment that requires special care (Gresham 1995). If our device achieves treatment success, as to which we can make no assurance, we estimate that it could potentially benefit up to 195,000 U.S. stroke victims each year, creating a total addressable market estimated at approximately $6 billion by the time of system launch. Several critical development and regulatory milestones must be accomplished in order to complete and market the Orion and stroke recovery systems. We face the material risks of failing to achieve successful clinical trials, to attain regulatory approvals, and to secure favorable product reimbursement for patients covered by Medicare and other types of insurance. Even with a successful trial, it could be determined that certain patient subpopulations cannot be effectively treated by our devices which would reduce our product sales potential. The development process may take longer and be more costly than anticipated and we may not achieve reimbursement levels similar to the one we received for our Argus II device or obtain other suitable reimbursement levels that we may require. Since we currently have no commercial revenues, any of these outcomes could require substantial additional funding. No assurance can be made that clinical trials will demonstrate safety and efficacy or will lead to commercial products. Clinical trial planning: The five-year Orion Early Feasibility Study was completed in July 2023, and at our election is being extended by approximately another year to allow for additional exploratory research to improve vision quality, for example by enhanced contrast filtering or by other software modifications. The next step will be to manufacture and validate new Orion devices for a planned pivotal clinical trial that we expect will involve approximately 60 profoundly blind subjects at approximately 10 U.S. trial centers. These are internal estimates and the size of the Orion pivotal clinical trial will depend upon further review and collaborations with the FDA. Our intended target is to commence the pivotal trial by or about mid 2026, complete it by approximately mid 2028, and if successful to obtain FDA clearance and launch Orion on the US market in early 2029. For the stroke recovery system, we anticipate manufacturing modified clinical trial devices for the planned Early Feasibility Study (EFS) in parallel with manufacturing of the Orion devices. Our intended target is to commence this EFS for the stroke recovery system in mid 2026. We anticipate a shorter time for stroke recovery patients to reach the primary study endpoint than for Orion (nine months versus 12 months, respectively). Patient population size and other terms of the stroke recovery system pivotal trial will depend upon the outcomes of the stroke recovery systems EFS and on further review and collaboration with the FDA. Our intended target is to commence a pivotal clinical trial for the stroke recovery system in late-2027, complete it by mid 2029, and if successful to be able to launch the stroke recovery system in late 2029. The target clinical development timelines for Orion and the stroke recovery system, shown in the diagram below, are subject to further discussions and collaborations with the FDA and assume that adequate financing will be available to fund the execution of our clinical development programs. Clinical trials require FDA approvals and clearances. No assurance can be given that we will be able to obtain these approvals and clearances, that we will obtain approval of a marketable device or that we will be able to launch commercially successful products. --- The timeline presented represents management’s estimate of the time required to complete each stage. No assurance can be given that these timelines will prove correct. Intellectual property: Cortigent has amassed an extensive intellectual property estate consisting of rights (as of September 30, 2024) to 207 issued U.S. patents, 20 issued European patents (nationalized in France and Germany, or a unitary patent plus Great Britain), two pending U.S. patent applications, including a recent filing covering the stroke recovery device under development, two pending European patent applications, four issued U.S. design patents and four issued European design registrations (with six corresponding issued British design registrations). Our patent estate covers the technologies invented during the development of the Argus and Orion devices. Our patent estate primarily covers the core technologies of implant neurostimulation techniques and achieving implant longevity, which are integral to our current and future product lines, including the planned stroke rehabilitation system. Pre-Revenue company: We are a pre-revenue company with a history extending from 1998, including the history of our predecessor Second Sight Medical Products, Inc., of recurring operating losses that are likely to continue for the foreseeable future. We will require substantial additional capital, including the proceeds of this offering, to continue development of our products and fund clinical trials. Relationship with Vivani Prior to this offering Cortigent has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Vivani Medical, Inc. (Nasdaq: VANI), formerly known as Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. (“Second Sight”). Second Sight had historically operated as a standalone public company but completed a merger with Nano Precision Medical, Inc. as of August 2022. Vivani Medical, Inc. is the resulting entity of this August 2022 merger of Nano Precision Medical Inc. into a subsidiary of Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. Cortigent includes personnel, technologies, intellectual property and other assets that formerly comprised the vision operations of Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. Cortigent was organized as a Delaware corporation in November 2022 as a successor to the business and operations formerly conducted by Second Sight Medical Products, Inc. Our principal executive offices are located in 27200 Tourney Road, Suite 315 Valencia, California.

27. Electric Last Mile Solutions, I NASDAQ:ELMSW

Electric Last Mile Solutions, Inc., a commercial electric vehicle solutions company, focuses on designing, engineering, manufacturing, and customizing electric ‘last mile' delivery and utility vehicles. It offers Class 1 commercial electric vehicle in the U.S. market and focuses on producing Class 3 Urban Utility electric vehicle. The company is headquartered in Troy, Michigan.

28. Aesther Healthcare Acquisition NASDAQ:AEHAW

Aesther Healthcare Acquisition Corp. intends to effect a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. The company was incorporated in 2021 and is based in New York, New York.

29. Anzu Special Acquisition Corp I NASDAQ:ANZUW

Envoy Medical, Inc., a hearing health company, provides medical technologies for the hearing loss spectrum. Its products include hearing aids; Esteem middle ear implants; bone conduction devices, such as auditory osseointegrated implants; and Acclaim cochlear implants. The company was formerly known as Envoy Medical Corporation and changed its name to Envoy Medical, Inc. in September 2023. Envoy Medical, Inc. was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in White Bear Lake, Minnesota.

30. biote NASDAQ:BTMDW

biote Corp. operates in medical practice-building business within the hormone optimization space. The company offers a platform for Biote-certified practitioners to optimize imbalances in their patient's hormone, vitamin, and mineral levels, as well as prescribe bioidentical hormone therapies and recommend dietary supplements. It also sells Biote-branded dietary supplements; and sterile pellet insertion kits for men and women. The company was founded in 2011 and is headquartered in Irvine, Texas.

31. Fidelity Select Wireless NASDAQ:FWRLX

32. G Medical Innovations NASDAQ:GMVDW

G Medical Innovations Holdings Ltd, together with its subsidiaries, an early commercial stage healthcare company, engages in the development of next generation mobile health and telemedicine solutions in the United States, China, and Israel. The company's products include Prizma, a plug-and-play medical device that measures vital signs with electronic medical records functionality and clinical grade reporting standards; and Extended Holter Patch System, a multi-channel patient-worn biosensor that captures electrocardiogram data continuously for up to 14 days. It also develops Wireless Vital Signs Monitoring System, a solution that provides continuous real time monitoring of vital signs and biometrics. In addition, it offers monitoring services, including independent diagnostic testing facility monitoring and private monitoring services. The company was incorporated in 2014 and is based in Rehovot, Israel.

33. Jupiter Wellness NASDAQ:JUPWW

jupiter wellness, inc. operates as a hemp-derived cannabidiol (cbd) consumer product development company. it develops various therapeutic and medical use for cbd in the treatment of various ailment and diseases, such as cancer, arthritis, anxiety, insomnia, psoriasis, chronic pain, and others. the company markets cbd-infused sun care lotion formulas containing various sun protection factors under the canisun brand. it is also developing other products, such as cbd-infused skin care lotion under the caniskin brand; and dermatological treatments under the canidermrx brand. the company was formerly known as cbd brands, inc. jupiter wellness, inc. was founded in 2018 and is headquartered in jupiter, florida.

34. 4D pharma NASDAQ:LBPSW

4D pharma plc, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the research, development, and production of live biotherapeutic products. The company develops therapeutic candidates, such as MRx0518; MRx-4DP000 for the treatment of asthma and COVID-19; MRx0029 the treatment of central nervous system disorders; Blautix for irritable bowel syndrome; and Thetanix for pediatric crohn's disease. It also develops products candidates, including MRx1299 for solid tumors, MRx0005 for neurodegeneration, MRx0006 for rheumatoid arthritis, and MRx0002 for multiple sclerosis. The company develops MicroRx platform to discover new LBP candidates for major diseases. 4D pharma plc has a collaboration agreement with Merck & Co., Inc. to conduct a clinical trial evaluating the combination of Keytruda and MRx0518 in patients with solid tumors. The company was formerly known as Schosween 18 Limited. 4D pharma plc was incorporated in 2014 and is headquartered in Leeds, the United Kingdom.